gouger

English

Etymology

From gouge ‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʊdʒ.ə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʊd͡ʒ.ɚ/
• Rhymes: -aʊdʒə(ɹ)

Noun

gouger (plural gougers)

1. Someone who gouges.
2. (Ireland, slang) A thug or lout.

Derived terms

• plum gouger
• price gouger
• sidehill gouger

 

French

Etymology

From gouge.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡu.ʒe/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: gougé, gougée, gougés, gougées, gougez, gougeai

Verb

gouger

1. (transitive) to work (a material) with a gouge
2. (transitive) to do (a soldered joint) again to eliminate roughness by deepening it

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written gouge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of gouger (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	gouger
	compound	avoir past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	gougeant /ɡu.ʒɑ̃/
	compound	ayant past participle
past participle		gougé /ɡu.ʒe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gouges /ɡuʒ/	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gougeons /ɡu.ʒɔ̃/	gougez /ɡu.ʒe/	gougent /ɡuʒ/
	imperfect	gougeais /ɡu.ʒɛ/	gougeais /ɡu.ʒɛ/	gougeait /ɡu.ʒɛ/	gougions /ɡu.ʒjɔ̃/	gougiez /ɡu.ʒje/	gougeaient /ɡu.ʒɛ/
	past historic2	gougeai /ɡu.ʒe/	gougeas /ɡu.ʒa/	gougea /ɡu.ʒa/	gougeâmes /ɡu.ʒam/	gougeâtes /ɡu.ʒat/	gougèrent /ɡu.ʒɛʁ/
	future	gougerai /ɡuʒ.ʁe/	gougeras /ɡuʒ.ʁa/	gougera /ɡuʒ.ʁa/	gougerons /ɡuʒ.ʁɔ̃/	gougerez /ɡuʒ.ʁe/	gougeront /ɡuʒ.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	gougerais /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/	gougerais /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/	gougerait /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/	gougerions /ɡu.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/	gougeriez /ɡu.ʒə.ʁje/	gougeraient /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gouges /ɡuʒ/	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gougions /ɡu.ʒjɔ̃/	gougiez /ɡu.ʒje/	gougent /ɡuʒ/
	imperfect2	gougeasse /ɡu.ʒas/	gougeasses /ɡu.ʒas/	gougeât /ɡu.ʒa/	gougeassions /ɡu.ʒa.sjɔ̃/	gougeassiez /ɡu.ʒa.sje/	gougeassent /ɡu.ʒas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	gouge /ɡuʒ/	—	gougeons /ɡu.ʒɔ̃/	gougez /ɡu.ʒe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir past participle	simple imperative of avoir past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Anagrams

• grogue