gearr

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See also: geàrr and gearr-

Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish gerr.[1] The verb is from Middle Irish gerraid.[2]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gearr (genitive singular feminine giorra, plural gearra, comparative giorra)

  1. short
    Synonym: gairid
    Antonym: fada
  2. curt
  3. deficient, inadequate
  4. near, close

Declension

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Declension of gearr
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative gearr ghearr gearra;
ghearra²
Vocative ghearr gearra
Genitive giorra gearra gearr
Dative gearr;
ghearr¹ 		ghearr gearra;
ghearra²
Comparative níos giorra
Superlative is giorra

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

  • Alternative vocative/genitive singular masculine and archaic dative singular feminine: girr

Derived terms

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Verb

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gearr (present analytic gearrann, future analytic gearrfaidh, verbal noun gearradh, past participle gearrtha)

  1. cut; shorten, reduce
    Ghearr mé mo lámh ar maidin.
    I cut my hand this morning.
  2. (card games) cut
  3. (dentistry, of teeth) cut (of child); grind
  4. make a cutting remark to someone; backbite; nag (of wounding speech)
  5. castrate
  6. levy, impose, allocate (from fund)

Conjugation

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conjugation of gearr (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present gearraim gearrann tú;
gearrair† 		gearrann sé, sí gearraimid gearrann sibh gearrann siad;
gearraid† 		a ghearrann; a ghearras /
a ngearrann* 		gearrtar
past ghearr mé; ghearras ghearr tú; ghearrais ghearr sé, sí ghearramar; ghearr muid ghearr sibh; ghearrabhair ghearr siad; ghearradar a ghearr /
ar ghearr* 		gearradh
past habitual ghearrainn / ngearrainn‡‡ ghearrtá / ngearrtᇇ ghearradh sé, sí / ngearradh sé, s퇇 ghearraimis; ghearradh muid / ngearraimis‡‡; ngearradh muid‡‡ ghearradh sibh / ngearradh sibh‡‡ ghearraidís; ghearradh siad / ngearraidís‡‡; ngearradh siad‡‡ a ghearradh /
a ngearradh* 		ghearrtaí / ngearrta퇇
future gearrfaidh mé;
gearrfad 		gearrfaidh tú;
gearrfair† 		gearrfaidh sé, sí gearrfaimid;
gearrfaidh muid 		gearrfaidh sibh gearrfaidh siad;
gearrfaid† 		a ghearrfaidh; a ghearrfas /
a ngearrfaidh* 		gearrfar
conditional ghearrfainn / ngearrfainn‡‡ ghearrfá / ngearrfᇇ ghearrfadh sé, sí / ngearrfadh sé, s퇇 ghearrfaimis; ghearrfadh muid / ngearrfaimis‡‡; ngearrfadh muid‡‡ ghearrfadh sibh / ngearrfadh sibh‡‡ ghearrfaidís; ghearrfadh siad / ngearrfaidís‡‡; ngearrfadh siad‡‡ a ghearrfadh /
a ngearrfadh* 		ghearrfaí / ngearrfa퇇
subjunctive present go ngearra mé;
go ngearrad† 		go ngearra tú;
go ngearrair† 		go ngearra sé, sí go ngearraimid;
go ngearra muid 		go ngearra sibh go ngearra siad;
go ngearraid† 		— go ngearrtar
past dá ngearrainn dá ngearrtá dá ngearradh sé, sí dá ngearraimis;
dá ngearradh muid 		dá ngearradh sibh dá ngearraidís;
dá ngearradh siad 		— dá ngearrtaí
imperative gearraim gearr gearradh sé, sí gearraimis gearraigí;
gearraidh† 		gearraidís — gearrtar
verbal noun gearradh
past participle gearrtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
gearr ghearr ngearr
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gerr”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gerraid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 45, page 24
  4. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 132
  5. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 275, page 97

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Noun

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gearr f (genitive singular gearra, plural gearran)

  1. Alternative form of geàrr

Verb

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gearr (past ghearr, future gearraidh, verbal noun gearradh, past participle gearrta)

  1. Alternative form of geàrr

Adjective

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gearr

  1. Alternative form of geàrr
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