främmande
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The current form ending in -ande (normally indicating a present participle) was used already in Old Swedish, but the more original form främmad lives on in spoken dialects in Götaland (including Närke) and is sometimes used in written poetry. Traces back to Old Saxon fremithi and Old High German framadi, fremidi, meaning "removed from". Ultimately derived from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz. This in turn is derived from fram, with roots in the indo-European pro-, also related to English preposition from. ("Främmad", SAOB). Cognate with Norwegian Nynorsk framand, Danish fremmed, English fremd, German fremd, Dutch vreemd.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Adjective
[edit]främmande (comparative mer främmande, superlative mest främmande)
- strange (as a stranger), unfamiliar, unknown
- En främmande man kom fram till mig
- A man I didn't know came up to me
- Ska vi anropa det främmande skeppet?
- Should we hail the unknown ship?
- foreign (of a different country, culture, religion, etc.)
- främmande kulturer
- foreign cultures (from notion of strange (as a stranger))
Alternative forms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]främmande n
- guest(s), visitor(s) (usually to one's home, whether strangers or acquaintances, often collectively)
- Vi får främmande ikväll
- We're having guests tonight
Usage notes
[edit]- In spoken dialects (Götaland, including Närke, Östergötland), främmat is used, neuter form of främmad.
- Rarely appears with common gender.
Declension
[edit]| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | främmande | främmandes |
| definite | främmandet | främmandets | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | främmande | främmandes |
| definite | främmanden | främmandens | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |