dlgwš

Middle Persian

Alternative forms

• 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬫𐬋𐬱 (daryōš) — Pazend

Etymology

From Old Iranian *drigu-, from a Proto-Indo-Iranian root shared with Sanskrit ध्रिगु (dhrigu, “needy”), Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬌𐬔𐬎 (drigu), 𐬛𐬭𐬌𐬖𐬎 (driγu, “poor, needy”).

Adjective

dlgwš • (driyōš) (comparative dlgwštl, superlative dlgwštwm)

1. poor, needy
   • Mēnōg ī Xrad, chap. 57.22, cited in [1]

     PWB hlt' dlgwštl

     pad xrad driyōštar

     poorer in wisdom

Derived terms

• dlgwšyh (driyōšīh, “poverty”)

Noun

dlgwš • (driyōš)

1. one who lives in holy indigence

Descendants

• Persian: درغوش (darğuš, darğôš), دریوش (daryuš, daryôš), درغویش (darğêš) (dialectal), درویش (darviš, darvêš)
  • Tajik: дарвеш (darveš)
  • → Arabic: دَرْوِيش (darwīš)
  • → Armenian: տէրվիշ (tērviš), տէվրիշ (tēvriš), դա̈վրէշ (dävrēš), դա̈րվէշ (därvēš), դա̈րվիշ (därviš), դէրվիշ (dērviš), դօ̈վրիշ (dövriš) (in some dialects via Ottoman Turkish)
  • → Azerbaijani: dərviş
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: दरवेश (darveś)

    Urdu: درویش (darveś)

  • → Ottoman Turkish: درویش (derviş)
    • Turkish: derviş
    • → Albanian: dervish
    • → Belarusian: дэ́рвіш (dérviš)
    • → Bulgarian: дерви́ш (dervíš)
    • → Catalan: dervix
    • → Czech: derviš
    • → Danish: dervish
    • → English: dervish
    • → Estonian: derviš
    • → Finnish: dervissi
    • → French: derviche
    • → German: Derwisch
      • → Dutch: derwisj
    • → Greek: δερβίσης (dervísis)
    • → Hungarian: dervis
    • → Italian: derviscio
    • → Lithuanian: dervišas
    • → Macedonian: дервиш (derviš)
    • → Norwegian: dervisj
    • → Polish: derwisz
    • → Portuguese: dervixe
    • → Romanian: derviș
    • → Russian: де́рвиш (dérviš)
    • → Serbo-Croatian:
      • Cyrillic script: дѐрвӣш
      • Latin script: dèrvīš
    • → Slovak: derviš
    • → Slovene: derviš
    • → Spanish: derviche
    • → Swedish: dervisch
    • → Ukrainian: де́рвіш (dérviš)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “driyōš”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 27
• Mansour Shaki, Hamid Algar (December 15, 1994), "DARVĪŠ" in Encyclopaedia Iranica, last updated November 18, 2011
• Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909) “poor”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary‎^[2], Bombay: The Fort Printing Press, →OCLC
• Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909) “needy”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary‎^[3], Bombay: The Fort Printing Press, →OCLC
• “dlgwš”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.