cresco

See also: cresço and Cresco

Italian

cresco

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁-sḱéti, from the root *ḱer- (“to grow, become bigger”), whence also Latin creō, as well as perhaps Proto-Slavic *krěti (“to intensify”).^[1]

crēscō (present infinitive crēscere, perfect active crēvī, supine crētum); third conjugation, no passive

to rise, grow, grow up; prosper, thrive; increase, multiply, augment
Synonyms: adolēscō, accrēscō, excrēscō, olēscō, glīscō

Antonym: dēcrēscō
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.913–914:
  ‘tū sata sīderibus caelī nūtrīta secundīs
  crēscere, dum fīant falcibus apta, sinās.’
  “May you allow the crops – having been nourished by the stars of favorable heaven – to thrive, until they become ready for the sickles.”
  (A prayer spoken by the Flamen Quirinalis during the Robigalia to propitiate the deity Robigo or Robigus and prevent agricultural diseases.)
to come to be
to become visible, spring from, arise, come forth
Synonyms: appāreō, obversor, prōcēdō, exorior, orior, coorior

Antonyms: cēdō, concēdō, decēdō, excēdō, discēdō, pereō, intereō

The only attested passive forms are those from crētus, which is used in an active sense.

Conjugation of crēscō (third conjugation, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	crēscō	crēscis	crēscit	crēscimus	crēscitis	crēscunt
	imperfect	crēscēbam	crēscēbās	crēscēbat	crēscēbāmus	crēscēbātis	crēscēbant
	future	crēscam	crēscēs	crēscet	crēscēmus	crēscētis	crēscent
	perfect	crēvī	crēvistī	crēvit	crēvimus	crēvistis	crēvērunt, crēvēre
	pluperfect	crēveram	crēverās	crēverat	crēverāmus	crēverātis	crēverant
	future perfect	crēverō	crēveris	crēverit	crēverimus	crēveritis	crēverint
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	crēscam	crēscās	crēscat	crēscāmus	crēscātis	crēscant
	imperfect	crēscerem	crēscerēs	crēsceret	crēscerēmus	crēscerētis	crēscerent
	perfect	crēverim	crēverīs	crēverit	crēverīmus	crēverītis	crēverint
	pluperfect	crēvissem	crēvissēs	crēvisset	crēvissēmus	crēvissētis	crēvissent
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	crēsce	—	—	crēscite	—
active	future	—	crēscitō	crēscitō	—	crēscitōte	crēscuntō
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		crēscere	crēvisse	crētūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		crēscēns	—	crētūrus	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		crēscendī	crēscendō	crēscendum	crēscendō	crētum	crētū

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: crescu, creashtiri
- Megleno-Romanian: cresc, creaștiri
- Romanian: crește, creștere
Dalmatian:
- crescro, crascro, craskro
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: crescia
- Italian: crescere
- Neapolitan: cresce
- Sicilian: crìsciri
North Italian:
- Friulian: cressi, creši
- Istriot: crìssi
- Piedmontese: chërse
- Romansch: crescher
- Venetan: créser, crésar
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: créixer
- Franco-Provençal: crêtre
- Old French: croistre (see there for further descendants)
- Occitan: créisser
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: creixer, crexer
- Asturian: crecer
- Old Galician-Portuguese: crecer
  - Galician: crecer
  - Portuguese: crescer
- Old Spanish: cresçer
  - Spanish: crecer
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: crèschere, crèscere, creschi, crèsciri
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *discrescere
- Old French: descreistre
  - French: décroître
  - → English: decrease, decrew
- Old Italian: discrescere
- Old Spanish: descrecer
Borrowings:
- → Esperanto: kreski

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “crēscō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 144