brennen
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German brennen, a merger of Old High German brennan (from Proto-West Germanic *brannijan), and Old High German brinnan (from *brinnan).
Cognate with Bavarian brenna, Dutch branden, Swedish brinna, Icelandic brenna, Old English birnan, and therefore English burn.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]brennen (irregular weak, third-person singular present brennt, past tense brannte, past participle gebrannt, past subjunctive brennte, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive) to burn; to light on fire
- Ich beobachtete, wie das Haus brannte. ― I watched the house burn.
- Es brennt! ― There is a fire!
- (intransitive) to burn; to be on fire
- Mein Haus brennt! ― My house is on fire!
- Trockenes Holz brennt am besten. ― Dry wood burns best.
- (intransitive) to have a strong affection for; to be affectionate
- Ich brenne darauf sie zu besuchen! ― I would really like to visit her.
- (intransitive) to be lit, to be on (of a light or lamp)
- Das Licht in der Küche brannte noch immer. ― The light in the kitchen was still on.
- (intransitive) to irritate; to induce pain or another painful sensation; to bite; to sting
- Die Zwiebeln brennen in meinen Augen! ― The onions sting in my eyes!
- Dieser Senf brennt wie Teufel auf meiner Zunge! ― This mustard bites my tongue like hell!
- (intransitive) to smart; to sting (a sore or wound)
- (transitive) to fire; to bake; to kiln (tiles and pottery)
- Dachziegel werden im Brennofen gebrannt. ― Tiles are baked in a kiln.
- Nach drei Tagen kann die Vase gebrannt werden. ― The vase can be fired after three days.
- Keramikwaren müssen gebrannt werden, bevor sie genutzt werden können. ― Pottery needs to be fired before one can use it.
- (transitive) to distil (alcoholic beverages such as schnapps)
- Synonym: destillieren
- (transitive, computing) to burn; to archive data on a storage medium. (such as CDs, DVDs, etc.)
- Kannst du mir 'Das weiße Album' von den Beatles brennen? ― Can you burn 'The White Album' from The Beatles for me?
- (intransitive, figuratively) to emit heat
- Die Sonne brannte auf sie herab. ― The sun was shining upon them with great heat.
- to roast
- to bream (clean a ship etc. by fire and scraping)
- (Austria, informal) to fork out, to shell out
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | brennen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | brennend | ||||
past participle | gebrannt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich brenne | wir brennen | i | ich brenne | wir brennen |
du brennst | ihr brennt | du brennest | ihr brennet | ||
er brennt | sie brennen | er brenne | sie brennen | ||
preterite | ich brannte | wir brannten | ii | ich brennte1 | wir brennten1 |
du branntest | ihr branntet | du brenntest1 | ihr brenntet1 | ||
er brannte | sie brannten | er brennte1 | sie brennten1 | ||
imperative | brenn (du) brenne (du) |
brennt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- Brennen
- brennend, gebrannt
- Brand m, Branntwein m
- Brennpunkt m
- abbrennen, anbrennen, durchbrennen, einbrennen, niederbrennen, wegbrennen
- brinnen
Further reading
[edit]- “brennen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “brennen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “brennen” in Duden online
- “brennen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “brennen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Luxembourgish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German brinnen, from Old High German brinnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]brennen (third-person singular present brennt, past participle gebrannt, auxiliary verb hunn)
- (transitive) to burn, to set alight
- (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
- (intransitive) to smart, to sting
- (transitive) to distil (spirits)
- (transitive) to brand (an animal)
- (transitive, computing) to burn (a disk)
Conjugation
[edit]Regular | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | brennen | |
participle | gebrannt | |
auxiliary | hunn | |
present indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | brennen | — |
2nd singular | brenns | brenn |
3rd singular | brennt | — |
1st plural | brennen | — |
2nd plural | brennt | brennt |
3rd plural | brennen | — |
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. |
Derived terms
[edit]Old Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan.
Verb
[edit]brennen
- to burn
Inflection
[edit]infinitive | brennen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | brenno, brennon | branda |
2nd person singular | brennis, brennist | brandos |
3rd person singular | brennit | branda |
1st person plural | brennen | brandun |
2nd person plural | brennit | brandut |
3rd person plural | brennent | brandun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | brenne | brendi |
2nd person singular | brennes, brennest | brendis |
3rd person singular | brenne | brendi |
1st person plural | brennen | brendin |
2nd person plural | brennet | brendit |
3rd person plural | brennen | brendin |
imperative | present | |
singular | brenni | |
plural | brennit | |
participle | present | past |
brennendi | brant, gibrant |
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “brennen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Cognate with Old English bærnan, Old Saxon brinnan, Old Norse brenna.
Verb
[edit]brennen
- (transitive) to burn
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | brennen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | brennu | branta |
2nd person singular | brennis, brennist | brantōs, brenntōst |
3rd person singular | brennit | branta |
1st person plural | brennem, brennemēs | brantum, brantumēs |
2nd person plural | brennet | brantut |
3rd person plural | brennent | brantun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | brenne | branti |
2nd person singular | brennēs, brennēst | brantīs, brantīst |
3rd person singular | brenne | branti |
1st person plural | brennēm, brennēn, brennemēs | brantīm, brantīn, brantīmēs |
2nd person plural | brennēt | brantīt |
3rd person plural | brennēn | brantīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | brenni | |
plural | brennet | |
participle | present | past |
brennenti | gibrant |
Descendants
[edit]- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German irregular weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- German transitive verbs
- de:Computing
- Austrian German
- German informal terms
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Luxembourgish 2-syllable words
- Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Luxembourgish/ænən
- Rhymes:Luxembourgish/ænən/2 syllables
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish verbs
- Luxembourgish verbs using hunn as auxiliary
- Luxembourgish transitive verbs
- Luxembourgish intransitive verbs
- lb:Computing
- Old Dutch terms derived from Frankish
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Frankish
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch verbs
- Old Dutch irregular verbs
- Old Dutch class 1 weak rückumlaut verbs
- Old Dutch basic verbs
- Old Dutch class 1 weak verbs
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Old High German transitive verbs
- Old High German class 1 weak verbs