adrad

See also: ådrad

Estonian

Noun

adrad

1. nominative plural of ader

Middle English

Alternative forms

• adred

Etymology

Past participle of adreden, from Old English ondrǣdan.

Adjective

adrad

1. Full of dread or fear; afraid.
   • 1387–1400, Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, Line 607:

     They were adrad of him as of death.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

• English: adread

See also

• ydrad (ydred)

References

• “adrad”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adōrātiō, assimilated to the suffix -ad.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈaðrað]

Noun

adrad m (genitive adartho)

1. verbal noun of ad·ora
2. worship
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 67^b24

     Inna c{h}enél fo·rrorbris, fos·roammámigestar dïa molad ⁊ dïa adrad.

     The peoples whom he has routed, he has subjugated them to his praise and to his worship.

Inflection

Masculine u-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	adrad	adradL	adarthae
Vocative	adrad	adradL	adarthu
Accusative	adradN	adradL	adarthu
Genitive	adarthoH, adarthaH	adartho, adartha	adarthaeN
Dative	adradL	adarthaib	adarthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: adhradh
• Scottish Gaelic: adhradh

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
adrad (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-adrad
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 adrad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language