Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čadъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷed-o-, *kʷeh₁dʰ-o- or *kʷēdʰ-o-. Formally reminiscent of Proto-Germanic *hwataz (“quick, keen”), *hwētaną (“to assault”).

Noun

*čàdъ or *čȃdъ m

1. smoke, fumes

Inflection

Declension of *čàdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*čàdъ	*čàda	*čàdi
genitive	*čàda	*čàdu	*čàdъ
dative	*čàdu	*čàdoma	*čàdomъ
accusative	*čàdъ	*čàda	*čàdy
instrumental	*čàdъmь, *čàdomь*	*čàdoma	*čàdȳ
locative	*čàdě	*čàdu	*čàdě̄xъ
vocative	*čàde	*čàda	*čàdi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *čȃdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*čȃdъ	*čȃda	*čȃdi
genitive	*čȃda	*čadù	*čãdъ
dative	*čȃdu	*čadomà	*čadòmъ
accusative	*čȃdъ	*čȃda	*čȃdy
instrumental	*čȃdъmь, *čȃdomь*	*čadomà	*čadý
locative	*čȃdě	*čadù	*čadě̃xъ
vocative	*čade	*čȃda	*čȃdi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *čaděti
• *čadidlo
• *čaditi
• *čadivъ
• *čad(j)avь
• *čad(j)ina
• *čaďь (“smoke, soot”) / *čaďa
• *čadь
• *čadьnъ
• *jьzčadьje (“monster”)

Related terms

• *kaditi

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: чад (čad)
  • Russian: чад (čad)
  • Ukrainian: чад (čad)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: чад (čad)
  • Macedonian: чад (čad)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: чад

    Latin script: čad

  • Slovene: čad
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: čad
  • Polabian: cod
  • Polish: czad
  • Slovak: čad
  • Slovincian: czod

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čadъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 9
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “чад”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress