Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeyǵʰ-
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Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Root
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- *dʰéyǵʰ-ti ~ *dʰiǵʰ-énti (athematic root present)
- *dʰi-né-ǵʰ-ti ~ *dʰi-n-ǵʰ-énti (nasal-infix present)
- Armenian:
- Proto-Celtic: *dingeti
- Old Irish: dingid
- Celtiberian: ambitinkounei
- Hellenic: (unexpected change *nǵʰ > ng)
- Proto-Italic: *fingō
- *dʰoyǵʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Iranian:
- ⇒ Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬄𐬥 (pairidaēzaiiąn, 3pl.subj.) ( *pari-)
- Proto-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- *dʰéyǵʰ-os ~ *dʰéyǵʰ-es-os
- *dʰiǵʰ-ró-s
- Proto-Germanic: *digraz (“big, thick”) (see there for further descendants)
- *dʰiǵʰ-lo-s[6]
- *dʰiǵʰ-tó-s
- *dʰóyǵʰ-o-s[4][6][7]
- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: դէզ (dēz) (or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)
- Proto-Germanic: *daigaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *tóikʰos
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáyȷ́ʰas
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dáyźʰas
- Sanskrit: देह (deha, “body”)
- Proto-Iranian: *dáyjah
- Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (daēza, “wall”)
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *paridayjah (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dáyźʰas
- Proto-Italic: *feiɣos (with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)
- Armenian:
- *dʰoyǵʰ-yeh₂
- *dʰoyǵʰ-y-on- or *dʰoyǵʰ-i-Hon-
- *dʰiǵʰ- f[6]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
- ⇒ Sanskrit: संदिह् (saṃdíh)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
- ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰiȷ́ʰás[8]
- Proto-Iranian: *dijáh
- Bactrian: λιζα (liza), λιζο (lizo) (< *dizā-)
- Khwarezmian: dyzʾ
- Northern Kurdish: diz (diz)
- → Middle Persian: KLYTA / dc (diz, “fortress”) (borrowed from a Northwestern Iranian language); Manichaean: dyz (diz)
- Old Persian: 𐎮𐎡𐎭𐎠 (didā-, “fortress”)
- Parthian: dyz (diz)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (ẟyz), [script needed] (ẟyzʾ /δizā/)
- Proto-Iranian: *dijáh
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Unsorted formations:
From a metathesized form *ǵʰeydʰ-:
- *ǵʰéydʰ-y-eh₂-ti (innovative denominative present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źeidā́ˀtei
- *ǵʰeydʰ-o-s, *ǵʰеydʰ-i-s
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
- Sanskrit: दिह् (dih)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
References
[edit]- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 140-141
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fingō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 221-222
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τεῖχος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1458-1459
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 118-119
- ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 204
- ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 311—316