Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁(y)-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*dʰeh₁(y)-^[1]

to suckle, nurse

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁(y)- (41 c, 0 e)

*dʰi-né-h₁-ti ~ *dʰi-n-h₁-énti (nasal-infix present)^[1]
- Proto-Celtic: *dinati (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰinā́ti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰinā́ti
    - ⇒ Sanskrit: धिनोति (dhinoti, “to nourish”)

*dʰh₁-éye-ti (eye-present)^[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰHáyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰHáyati
    - Sanskrit: धयति (dháyati, “to drink mother's milk, to breastfeed”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *dHáyati
    - Ossetian: (“to suck”)
      Digor Ossetian: дӕйун (dæjun)
      
      Iron Ossetian: дӕйын (dæjyn)
- ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic:^[2]
  - Proto-Slavic: *dojìti (see there for further descendants)

*dʰéh₁-ye-ti (ye-present)^[1]
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: դիեմ (diem, “to drink mother's milk”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Latvian: dêt (“to suck”)
- Proto-Germanic: *dēaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: θῆσθαι (thêsthai, “to milk out”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-mh₁n-éh₂^[1]
- Proto-Italic: *fēmanā
  - Latin: fēmina (“woman”) (see there for further descendants)

*dʰeh₁(i)-to-s
- Proto-Italic: *fētos
  - Latin: fētus (“pregnant”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-tu-s
- Proto-Italic: *fētus
  - Latin: fētus (“offspring”) (see there for further descendants)

*dʰeh₁(i)-no-m
- Proto-Italic: *fēnom^[3]
  - Latin: fēnum (“hay”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-n-os
- Proto-Italic: *fēnos
  - Latin: fēnus (“interest (on money)”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-lu-s
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: θῆλυς (thêlus, “feminine”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-lew-ih₂
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: θήλεια (thḗleia, “feminine”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-lw-ih₂-k-s
- Proto-Italic: *fēlīks
  - Latin: fēlīx (“happy”)

*dʰeh₁(i)-li-o-s
- Proto-Italic: *feiljos (“son”) (see there for further descendants)

*dʰeh₁(i)-l-éh₂-ye-ti
- Proto-Italic: *fēlājō
  - Latin: fēlō, fellō (“to suck”)

*dʰé-dʰh₁-i (“milk curd”)
- Proto-Albanian: *dedi
  - Albanian: djathë (“cheese”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰádʰHi
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dádʰHi
    - Sanskrit: दधि (dádhi, “coagulated milk, curd”) (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Albanian: *dela
  - Albanian: djalë (“boy”)
- Proto-Albanian: *dailjā
  - Albanian: dele (“sheep”)
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: դալ (dal, “colostrum”)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Latvian: dēls (“son”)
  - Lithuanian: dėlė (“leech”)
  - Old Prussian: dadan
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: [Term?] (“pregnant”)
  - Eastern Baltic:
    - Lithuanian: dieni (“with young”)
  - → Proto-Finnic: *tiineh (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dēˀtis (“child”)
  - Proto-Slavic: *dětь (see there for further descendants)
- Celtic:
  - Old Irish: dínu (“lamb”)
- Proto-Germanic: *dajjaną (“to suck, suckle”), *dilō (“nipple”), *dijōną (“to suck, suckle”) (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: θηλή (thēlḗ, “teat”), θεῖος (theîos, “uncle”), τίτθη (títthē, “nurse”), τήθη (tḗthē, “grandmother”), Τηθύς (Tēthús)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáynuš
  - Proto-Iranian: *dáynuš
    - Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬎 (daēnu)
    - Northern Kurdish: dê, da, dayik (“mother”)
    - Middle Persian: dʾyk' (dāyag, “wet nurse”)
      - Persian: دایه (dâye, “wet nurse”)
    - → Old Armenian: դայեակ (dayeak, “wet nurse”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰa(H)inúš (“milch cow”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    - Sanskrit: धान्य (dhānya, “corn”) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*dʰeh₁(i̯)- ‘(Muttermilch) saugen’”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 138
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dojìti v. (c) ‘give milk, milk’”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fēnum / faenum [n o] ‘hay’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Derived terms

References

Further reading