Februarius
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin Februārius.
Proper noun
[edit]Februarius
- (historical) The shortest month of the Ancient Roman calendar, from which the Julian and Gregorian month of February derived.
Latin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- februārius (alternative case form)
- Febrārius (Late Latin, proscribed)
Etymology
[edit]From Februa -ārius. From februum (“means of purification, an offering”), via the purification ritual Februa held on February 15 in the old Roman calendar.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /fe.bruˈaː.ri.us/, [fɛbruˈäːriʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /fe.bruˈa.ri.us/, [februˈäːrius]
Adjective
[edit]Februārius (feminine Februāria, neuter Februārium); first/second-declension adjective
- of February
Usage notes
[edit]In Classical Latin, month names were regularly used as adjectives, generally modifying a case-form of mēnsis m sg (“month”) or of one of the nouns used in the Roman calendar to refer to specific days of the month from which other days were counted: Calendae f pl (“calends”), Nōnae f pl (“nones”), Īdūs f pl (“ides”). However, the masculine noun mēnsis could be omitted by ellipsis, so the masculine singular forms of month names eventually came to be used as proper nouns.[1]
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | Februārius | Februāria | Februārium | Februāriī | Februāriae | Februāria | |
Genitive | Februāriī | Februāriae | Februāriī | Februāriōrum | Februāriārum | Februāriōrum | |
Dative | Februāriō | Februāriō | Februāriīs | ||||
Accusative | Februārium | Februāriam | Februārium | Februāriōs | Februāriās | Februāria | |
Ablative | Februāriō | Februāriā | Februāriō | Februāriīs | |||
Vocative | Februārie | Februāria | Februārium | Februāriī | Februāriae | Februāria |
Proper noun
[edit]Februārius m sg (genitive Februāriī or Februārī); second declension
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun, singular only.
Case | Singular |
---|---|
Nominative | Februārius |
Genitive | Februāriī Februārī1 |
Dative | Februāriō |
Accusative | Februārium |
Ablative | Februāriō |
Vocative | Februārī |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Descendants
[edit]- Late Latin: Febrārius (see there for further descendants)
- Eastern Romance
- Franco-Provençal: fevriér
- Gallo-Italic
- Italo-Dalmatian
- Old French: fevrier
- Old Occitan:
- Rhaeto-Romance
- Sardinian: fiàrzu, freàrgiu
- Venetian: febraro
- West Iberian
- Borrowings
- → Albanian: fror, fruer
- → Arabic: فبراير (fibrāyir)
- → Dutch: februari
- → German: Februar, Feber (Austria, dated)
- → Ancient Greek: Φεβρουάριος (Phebrouários) (see there for further descendants)
- → Middle English: Februarie, februari, februare
- → Latvian: februāris
- → Old Irish: febra, febrae
- Irish: Feabhra
- → Romanian: februarie
- → Romanian: fevruarie (via some Slavic language)
- → West Frisian: febrewaris
- → Welsh: Chwefror
See also
[edit]Roman calendar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
[edit]- ^ Karl Gottlob Zumpt (1853) Leonhard Schmitz, Charles Anthon, transl., A Grammar of the Latin Language, 3rd edition, pages 31, 85
Further reading
[edit]- “Fĕbrŭārĭus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Februārius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- fĕbrŭārĭus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette: “657/3”
- “Februārius” on page 683/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English terms with historical senses
- Latin terms suffixed with -arius
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰegʷʰ-
- Latin 5-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- Latin proper nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the second declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- la:Months