줄다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 졸〯다〮 (Yale: cwǒl-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕu(ː)ɭda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [줄(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	julda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	julda
McCune–Reischauer?	chulda
Yale Romanization?	cwūlta

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	줄다 (julda)
Causative	줄이다 (jurida)

줄다 • (julda) (infinitive 줄어, sequential 주니)

1. (intransitive) to decrease, to shrink

   Antonym: 늘다 (neulda)

   1982년 이래로, 그것은 250미터 만큼 줄었다.

   Cheon'gubaekpalsibinyeon iraero, geugeos-eun ibaegosimmiteo mankeum jureotda.

   Since 1982, it has shrunk by 250 meters.

   2018, VOA Learning English > China's Melting Glacier Brings Visitors, Adds to Climate Concerns (The original sentence in English)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 줄다 (julda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	준다 junda	줄어 jureo	줄어요 jureoyo	줍니다 jumnida
	Past	줄었다 jureotda	줄었어 jureosseo	줄었어요 jureosseoyo	줄었습니다 jureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	주느냐 juneunya	줄어 jureo	줄어요 jureoyo	줍니까 jumnikka
	Past	줄었느냐 jureonneunya	줄었어 jureosseo	줄었어요 jureosseoyo	줄었습니까 jureotseumnikka
Hortative		줄자 julja	줄어 jureo	줄어요 jureoyo	주십시다 jusipsida
Imperative		줄어라 jureora	줄어 jureo	줄어요 jureoyo	줍시오 jupsio
Assertive		줄겠다 julgetda	줄겠어 julgesseo	줄겠어요 julgesseoyo	줄겠습니다 julgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		줄어 jureo	줄어서 jureoseo	주니 juni	주니까 junikka
Contrast		줄지만 juljiman	주는데 juneunde	줄더니 juldeoni
Conjunction		줄고 julgo
Condition		줄면 julmyeon	줄어야 jureoya
Motive		줄려고 jullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		줆 jum	줄기 julgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		줄었음 jureosseum	줄었기 jureotgi
Determiners	Past	준 jun
	Present	주는 juneun
	Future	줄 jul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	주신다 jusinda	주셔 jusyeo	주세요, 주셔요 juseyo, jusyeoyo	주십니다 jusimnida
	Past	주셨다 jusyeotda	주셨어 jusyeosseo	주셨어요 jusyeosseoyo	주셨습니다 jusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	주시느냐 jusineunya	주셔 jusyeo	주세요, 주셔요 juseyo, jusyeoyo	주십니까 jusimnikka
	Past	주셨느냐 jusyeonneunya	주셨어 jusyeosseo	주셨어요 jusyeosseoyo	주셨습니까 jusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		주시라 jusira	주셔 jusyeo	주세요 juseyo	주십시오 jusipsio
Assertive		주시겠다 jusigetda	주시겠어 jusigesseo	주시겠어요 jusigesseoyo	주시겠습니다 jusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		주셔 jusyeo	주셔서 jusyeoseo	주시니 jusini	주시니까 jusinikka
Contrast		주시지만 jusijiman	주시는데 jusineunde	주시더니 jusideoni
Conjunction		주시고 jusigo
Condition		주시면 jusimyeon	주셔야 jusyeoya
Motive		주시려고 jusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		주심 jusim	주시기 jusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		주셨음 jusyeosseum	주셨기 jusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	주신 jusin
	Present	주시는 jusineun
	Future	주실 jusil