꺼리다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᅥ〯리다〮 (Yale: skělì-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈk͈ɘ(ː)ɾida̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [꺼(ː)리다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	kkeorida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	kkeolida
McCune–Reischauer?	kkŏrida
Yale Romanization?	kkēlita

Verb

꺼리다 • (kkeorida) (infinitive 꺼려 or 꺼리어, sequential 꺼리니)

1. (transitive) to hesitate to do; to shy away from; to avoid

   어릴 적에 개한테 물려서 지금도 동물을 꺼려 해.

   Eoril jeog-e gae-hante mullyeoseo jigeum-do dongmur-eul kkeoryeo hae.

   Because he was bitten by a dog when he was young, he still avoids animals.

Usage notes

피(避)하다 (pihada) is also translated as "to avoid", but has a more physical sense, i.e. "to dodge".

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 꺼리다 (kkeorida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	꺼린다 kkeorinda	꺼려 kkeoryeo	꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo	꺼립니다 kkeorimnida
	Past	꺼렸다 kkeoryeotda	꺼렸어 kkeoryeosseo	꺼렸어요 kkeoryeosseoyo	꺼렸습니다 kkeoryeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	꺼리느냐 kkeorineunya	꺼려 kkeoryeo	꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo	꺼립니까 kkeorimnikka
	Past	꺼렸느냐 kkeoryeonneunya	꺼렸어 kkeoryeosseo	꺼렸어요 kkeoryeosseoyo	꺼렸습니까 kkeoryeotseumnikka
Hortative		꺼리자 kkeorija	꺼려 kkeoryeo	꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo	꺼리십시다 kkeorisipsida
Imperative		꺼려라, 꺼리어라 kkeoryeora, kkeorieora	꺼려 kkeoryeo	꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo	꺼립시오 kkeoripsio
Assertive		꺼리겠다 kkeorigetda	꺼리겠어 kkeorigesseo	꺼리겠어요 kkeorigesseoyo	꺼리겠습니다 kkeorigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		꺼려 kkeoryeo	꺼려서, 꺼리어서 kkeoryeoseo, kkeorieoseo	꺼리니 kkeorini	꺼리니까 kkeorinikka
Contrast		꺼리지만 kkeorijiman	꺼리는데 kkeorineunde	꺼리더니 kkeorideoni
Conjunction		꺼리고 kkeorigo
Condition		꺼리면 kkeorimyeon	꺼려야, 꺼리어야 kkeoryeoya, kkeorieoya
Motive		꺼리려고 kkeoriryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		꺼림 kkeorim	꺼리기 kkeorigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		꺼렸음, 꺼리었음 kkeoryeosseum, kkeorieosseum	꺼렸기, 꺼리었기 kkeoryeotgi, kkeorieotgi
Determiners	Past	꺼린 kkeorin
	Present	꺼리는 kkeorineun
	Future	꺼릴 kkeoril

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	꺼리신다 kkeorisinda	꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo	꺼리세요, 꺼리셔요 kkeoriseyo, kkeorisyeoyo	꺼리십니다 kkeorisimnida
	Past	꺼리셨다 kkeorisyeotda	꺼리셨어 kkeorisyeosseo	꺼리셨어요 kkeorisyeosseoyo	꺼리셨습니다 kkeorisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	꺼리시느냐 kkeorisineunya	꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo	꺼리세요, 꺼리셔요 kkeoriseyo, kkeorisyeoyo	꺼리십니까 kkeorisimnikka
	Past	꺼리셨느냐 kkeorisyeonneunya	꺼리셨어 kkeorisyeosseo	꺼리셨어요 kkeorisyeosseoyo	꺼리셨습니까 kkeorisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		꺼리시라 kkeorisira	꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo	꺼리세요 kkeoriseyo	꺼리십시오 kkeorisipsio
Assertive		꺼리시겠다 kkeorisigetda	꺼리시겠어 kkeorisigesseo	꺼리시겠어요 kkeorisigesseoyo	꺼리시겠습니다 kkeorisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo	꺼리셔서 kkeorisyeoseo	꺼리시니 kkeorisini	꺼리시니까 kkeorisinikka
Contrast		꺼리시지만 kkeorisijiman	꺼리시는데 kkeorisineunde	꺼리시더니 kkeorisideoni
Conjunction		꺼리시고 kkeorisigo
Condition		꺼리시면 kkeorisimyeon	꺼리셔야 kkeorisyeoya
Motive		꺼리시려고 kkeorisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		꺼리심 kkeorisim	꺼리시기 kkeorisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		꺼리셨음 kkeorisyeosseum	꺼리셨기 kkeorisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	꺼리신 kkeorisin
	Present	꺼리시는 kkeorisineun
	Future	꺼리실 kkeorisil

Derived terms

• 꺼림칙하다 (kkeorimchikhada, “to be uncanny”)