芫

芫 U 82AB, 芫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82AB ← 芪 [U 82AA] CJK Unified Ideographs 芬 → [U 82AC]

Translingual

Han character

芫 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸 4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿一一山 (TMMU), four-corner 4421₁, composition ⿱艹元)

Derived characters

• 𡝴 𢯥

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1020, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30727
• Dae Jaweon: page 1477, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3178, character 1
• Unihan data for U 82AB

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (元) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
冠	*kŋoːn, *kŋoːns
莞	*kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
脘	*ŋkoːnʔ
筦	*ŋkoːnʔ
梡	*ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
岏	*ŋoːn
刓	*ŋoːn
园	*ŋoːn
忨	*ŋoːn, *ŋoːns
蚖	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
黿	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
抏	*ŋoːn
玩	*ŋoːns
貦	*ŋoːns
翫	*ŋoːns
妧	*ŋoːns
完	*ɦŋoːn
捖	*ɦŋoːn
垸	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns
綄	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
院	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons
皖	*ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ
晥	*ɦŋoːnʔ
浣	*ɦŋoːnʔ
頑	*ŋroːn, *ŋroːn
睆	*ɦŋroːnʔ
鯇	*ɦŋroːnʔ
元	*ŋon
沅	*ŋon
芫	*ŋon
杬	*ŋon
邧	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
阮	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
俒	*ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋon) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon).

Etymology 1

trad.		芫
simp. #		芫
alternative forms		杬

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuán (yuan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): goân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): nguang⁵ / nguêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gnioe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
    • Wade–Giles: yüan²
    • Yale: ywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
    • Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴
    • Yale: yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân
    • Tâi-lô: guân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goaan
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡuan¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡuan²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: nguang⁵ / nguêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguâng / nguêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋueŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnioe
    • MiniDict: nyoe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyyoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲyø²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjwon

Rime
Character	芫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	愚袁切
Baxter	ngjwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuan/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐn/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋon/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芫
Reading #	1/1
No.	16148
Phonetic component	元
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	元
Old Chinese	/*ŋon/

Definitions

芫

1. (～花) Daphne genkwa (a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine)

Compounds

• 芫花 (yuánhuā)

 

Etymology 2

trad.		芫
simp. #		芫
alternative forms		蒝

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yán, yuán

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ, ㄩㄢˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yan²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyun⁴ / jim⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yon³

• Gan (Wiktionary): ien⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yèn / yàn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): yan²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ie¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): nguòng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iân / ian / oan / oân / goân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uang⁵ / uêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gnioe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ie²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yán
    • Wade–Giles: yen²
    • Yale: yán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
    • Wade–Giles: yüan²
    • Yale: ywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
    • Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: yan²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɛn²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴ / jim⁴
    • Yale: yùhn / yìhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴ / jim⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴ / yim⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/, /jiːm²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yon³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jᵘɔn²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ien⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɛn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ien^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /ian¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)
    • Wiktionary: ie¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ie¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nguòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋuoŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iân
    • Tâi-lô: iân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ieen
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɛn²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Yilan): /iɛn²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ian
    • Tâi-lô: ian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iefn
    • IPA (Lukang): /iɛn³³/
  • (Hokkien: Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan
    • Tâi-lô: uan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oafn
    • IPA (Kinmen): /uan⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân
    • Tâi-lô: uân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oaan
    • IPA (Penang): /uan²³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân
    • Tâi-lô: guân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goaan
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡuan¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡuan²⁴/

Note:

• iân/ian/oan/oân - vernacular;
• goân - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: uang⁵ / uêng⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uâng / uêng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵⁵/, /ueŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnioe
    • MiniDict: nyoe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyyoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲyø²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ie²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯e̞¹³/

Definitions

芫

1. Only used in 芫荽 (yánsuī) and its regional synonyms.

Compounds

• 芫茜
• 芫荽 (yánsuī)

 

References

• “芫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

芫

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): げん (gen)、がん (gan)
• Kun: さつまふじ (satsumafuji)、ふじもど (fujimodo)

Korean

Hanja

芫 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

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Vietnamese

Han character

芫: Hán Nôm readings: nguyên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.