牌
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]牌 (Kangxi radical 91, 片 8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中中竹竹十 (LLHHJ), four-corner 26040, composition ⿰片卑)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 693, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19854
- Dae Jaweon: page 1106, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2016, character 28
- Unihan data for U 724C
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 牌 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 牌 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
捭 | *preːʔ |
牌 | *breː, *breː |
郫 | *breː, *bre, *be |
蠯 | *breː, *be, *breːŋʔ |
猈 | *breːʔ, *breː |
稗 | *breːs |
粺 | *breːs |
𥱼 | *breː |
豍 | *peː |
箄 | *peː, *pe, *peʔ |
錍 | *pʰeː, *pe |
睥 | *pʰeːs |
渒 | *pʰeːs, *pe |
鼙 | *beː |
鞞 | *beː, *pe, *peʔ, *peːŋʔ |
椑 | *beː, *pe, *beɡ, *beːɡ |
崥 | *beː, *peʔ |
髀 | *beːʔ, *peʔ, *piʔ |
卑 | *pe |
鵯 | *pe, *pʰiɡ |
裨 | *pe, *be |
痺 | *pe |
碑 | *pre |
婢 | *peʔ, *beʔ |
諀 | *pʰeʔ |
脾 | *be |
埤 | *be |
陴 | *be |
蜱 | *be, *mbew |
焷 | *be |
螷 | *be, *breːŋʔ |
庳 | *beʔ |
琕 | *biːŋ |
萆 | *beɡ, *slɯʔ |
綼 | *biɡ, *peːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *breː, *breː) : semantic 片 phonetic 卑 (OC *pe).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phài
- Jin (Wiktionary): pai1
- Northern Min (KCR): bǎi
- Eastern Min (BUC): bà̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6ba
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pái
- Wade–Giles: pʻai2
- Yale: pái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pair
- Palladius: пай (paj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: пэ (pe, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɛ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: paai4 / paai4-2
- Yale: pàaih / páai
- Cantonese Pinyin: paai4 / paai4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: pai4 / pai4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaːi̯²¹/, /pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: pai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰai²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phài
- Hakka Romanization System: paiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pai2
- Sinological IPA: /pʰai̯¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)
- Wiktionary: pai1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰai¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǎi
- Sinological IPA (key): /pai²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bà̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɛ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: bea, beaj
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*breː/
Definitions
[edit]牌
- board; plate
- † census plate
- signboard; placard; sign; tablet
- brand; trademark
- † nameplate
- † Name of a type of historical documents delivered to the lower levels.
- (card games, mahjong, dominoes) playing cards; cards; dominoes; mahjong; etc. (Classifier: 張/张 m c; 飛/飞 c)
- (figurative) card (a resource or an argument, used to achieve a purpose)
- (Hong Kong) licence (Classifier: 個/个 c)
- list (of prices)
- shield
- memorial (gateway or building)
- pitch (style) of ancient Chinese poetry (ci) or music (qu)
- manner; air; shape
- (Cantonese) medal (Classifier: 塊/块 c)
- (Southern Min) plaque; memorial tablet
- (Jilu Mandarin) Classifier for card games: round
- a surname: Pai
Synonyms
[edit]- (brand):
Compounds
[edit]- 三元牌 (sānyuánpái)
- 偉士牌/伟士牌
- 優諾牌/优诺牌
- 冒牌 (màopái)
- 叫牌 (jiàopái)
- 名牌 (míngpái)
- 和牌 (húpái)
- 品牌 (pǐnpái)
- 啤牌
- 多米諾骨牌/多米诺骨牌
- 大牌 (dàpái)
- 姓名牌 (xìngmíngpái)
- 將牌/将牌 (jiàngpái)
- 廣告牌/广告牌 (guǎnggàopái)
- 廠牌/厂牌 (chǎngpái)
- 打牌 (dǎpái)
- 招牌 (zhāopái)
- 掛牌/挂牌 (guàpái)
- 揭牌 (jiēpái)
- 摘牌 (zhāipái)
- 撲克牌/扑克牌
- 擋箭牌/挡箭牌 (dǎngjiànpái)
- 攤牌/摊牌 (tānpái)
- 旗牌
- 月份牌 (yuèfènpái)
- 標牌/标牌 (biāopái)
- 標語牌/标语牌 (biāoyǔpái)
- 橋牌/桥牌 (qiáopái)
- 殼牌/壳牌
- 汽車號牌/汽车号牌
- 洗牌 (xǐpái)
- 無將牌/无将牌
- 無牌/无牌
- 牌仔
- 牌位 (páiwèi)
- 牌價/牌价 (páijià)
- 牌匾 (páibiǎn)
- 牌坊 (páifāng)
- 牌子 (páizi)
- 牌戲/牌戏
- 牌樓/牌楼 (páilóu)
- 牌照 (páizhào)
- 牌號/牌号 (páihào)
- 狗牌 (gǒupái)
- 獎牌/奖牌 (jiǎngpái)
- 王牌 (wángpái)
- 玩牌
- 甩牌
- 登機牌/登机牌 (dēngjīpái)
- 發牌/发牌 (fāpái)
- 盾牌 (dùnpái)
- 石牌 (shípái)
- 萬智牌/万智牌
- 站牌 (zhànpái)
- 符牌
- 箭牌 (jiànpái)
- 紅牌/红牌 (hóngpái)
- 紙牌/纸牌 (zhǐpái)
- 老牌 (lǎopái)
- 葛牌 (Gěpái)
- 虎牌
- 虎頭牌/虎头牌
- 號牌/号牌 (hàopái)
- 號碼牌/号码牌
- 貼牌/贴牌 (tiēpái)
- 車牌/车牌 (chēpái)
- 車號牌/车号牌
- 金牌 (jīnpái)
- 釘牌/钉牌
- 銀牌/银牌 (yínpái)
- 銅牌/铜牌 (tóngpái)
- 門牌/门牌 (ménpái)
- 雜牌/杂牌 (zápái)
- 雙牌/双牌 (Shuāngpái)
- 頭牌/头牌
- 風牌/风牌 (fēngpái)
- 餐牌 (cānpái)
- 骨牌 (gǔpái)
- 麻將牌/麻将牌 (májiàngpái)
- 黃牌/黄牌 (huángpái)
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Burmese: ဖဲ (hpai:, “playing cards; game of cards”)
- → Khmer: បៀ (biə, “playing cards”)
- → Lao: ໄພ້ (phai, “playing cards”)
- → Lü: ᦘᦻᧉ (phaay², “playing cards”)
- → Shan: ၽၢႆႉ (phâ̰ai, “domino, playing cards”)
- → Thai: ไพ่ (pâi, “playing cards”)
- → White Hmong: phaib (“playing cards”)
- → Zhuang: bej (“playing cards”)
References
[edit]- “牌”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]牌
- a small, written slip of paper: ticket, receipt, label, etc.
- sign, placard
- playing card, mahjong tile
- shield, buckler
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 牌 (MC bea|beaj).
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]牌: Hán Nôm readings: bài, bìa, bời
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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- Chinese terms spelled with 牌
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- zh:Card games
- zh:Mahjong
- zh:Dominoes
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