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持

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
持 U 6301, 持
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6301
← 挀
[U 6300] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 挂 →
[U 6302]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

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持 (Kangxi radical 64, 手 6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手土木戈 (QGDI), four-corner 54041, composition ⿰扌寺)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 429, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12019
  • Dae Jaweon: page 778, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1866, character 2
  • Unihan data for U 6301

Chinese

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trad. 持
simp. # 持
alternative forms 寺

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
等 *tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ
待 *dɯːʔ
寺 *ljɯs
持 *l'ɯ
峙 *dɯʔ
痔 *dɯʔ
跱 *dɯʔ
歭 *dɯʔ
洔 *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ
畤 *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ
秲 *dɯʔ, *djɯs
庤 *dɯʔ
時 *djɯ
鰣 *djɯ
塒 *djɯ
蒔 *djɯ, *djɯs
榯 *djɯ
恃 *djɯʔ
侍 *djɯs
詩 *hljɯ
邿 *hljɯ
特 *dɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯ) : semantic 手 phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 持
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直之切
Baxter dri
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ȡiə/
Wang
Li 		/ȡĭə/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ci4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 持
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dri ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]rə/
English grasp, hold

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 持
Reading # 1/1
No. 12031
Phonetic
component 		寺
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		治
Old
Chinese 		/*l'ɯ/

Definitions

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持

  1. to hold; to grasp
    持刀搶劫／持刀抢劫  ―  chí dāo qiǎngjié  ―  to carry out a robbery with a knife
  2. to hold (views, opinions, etc.)
    持不同看法  ―  chí bùtóng kànfǎ  ―  to hold different views
    持反對態度／持反对态度  ―  chí fǎnduì tàidù  ―  to be opposed
  3. to manage; to run
    持家  ―  chíjiā  ―  to run one's home; to housekeep
  4. to sustain; to support
    維持／维持  ―  wéichí  ―  to maintain
    持之以恆／持之以恒  ―  chízhīyǐhéng  ―  to persevere
    持國天王／持国天王  ―  Chíguó Tiānwáng  ―  Heavenly King who Upholds the Nation (calque of Sanskrit धृतराष्ट्र Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
  5. to oppose (each other)
    僵持  ―  jiāngchí  ―  to be locked in a stalemate
    相持不下  ―  xiàngchíbùxià  ―  to be locked in a stalemate
  6. to control; to hold under duress
    劫持  ―  jiéchí  ―  to hold under duress

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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持

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. hold, have

Readings

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  • Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)←ぢ (di, historical)
  • Kan-on: ち (chi)
  • Kun: もつ (motsu, 持つ, Jōyō)

Derived terms

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Korean

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Hanja

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持 • (ji) (hangeul 지)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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持: Hán Nôm readings: trì, chày, chiì, ghiì, giầy, trầy, chì, ghì, nghỉ, trờ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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