帽
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]帽 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾 9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中月日月山 (LBABU), four-corner 46260, composition ⿰巾冒)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 333, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8971
- Dae Jaweon: page 640, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 747, character 8
- Unihan data for U 5E3D
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
帽 | |
---|---|---|
2nd round simp. | 𫷀 | |
alternative forms | 冃 㡌 𧛕 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *muːɡs) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) phonetic 冒 (OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ).
Etymology
[edit]Wanderwort of Southeastern and Eastern Asia, thus its origin is disputed.
Possibly from Sino-Tibetan. It has been compared to Tibetan རྨོག (rmog, “helmet”) (Starostin; Sagart, 2017) and Rgyalrongic forms for “mushroom” (cf. Breton tog-touseg, literally “frog hat”), such as Japhug tɤjmɤɣ (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) suggests an Austroasiatic derivation since this is a relatively late word and Shuowen defines 冃 (an ancient form of 帽) as “head cover” of the Southern indigenous people, which may allude to a southern origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *muuk ~ muək (“hat”), whence Mon ဒမှော် (həmok, “wide hat”) and Khmer មួក (muək), which he also connects to 鍪 (OC *mu, “metal cap; helmet”). Also compare Thai หมวก (mùuak), which Schuessler (2007) derives from the Khmer word. However, Alves (2018) considers it likely for the Proto-Mon-Khmer word to be a loan from Chinese, and Alves (2020) also suggests that the Tai forms spread from Chinese.
Often considered to be related to 冒 (OC *muːɡs, “to cover”) (Wang, 1982; Starostin), though Schuessler (2007) thinks that it may be reinterpreted as such based on parallel development of 被 (OC *bralʔ, *brals, “to cover; bedding”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mao4
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мо (mo, III)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): mau5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): mau3
- Northern Min (KCR): māu
- Eastern Min (BUC): mô̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6mau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mau5 / mau4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mào
- Wade–Giles: mao4
- Yale: màu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maw
- Palladius: мао (mao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (帽兒/帽儿)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: màor
- Wade–Giles: mao4-ʼrh
- Yale: màur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mawl
- Palladius: маор (maor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /maʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: mao4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mao
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мо (mo, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔ⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mou6-2 / mou6
- Yale: móu / mouh
- Cantonese Pinyin: mou6-2 / mou6
- Guangdong Romanization: mou6-2 / mou6
- Sinological IPA (key): /mou̯²²⁻³⁵/, /mou̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: mau5 / mau5*
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbau³²/, /ᵐbau³²⁻³²⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: mau5
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mo
- Hakka Romanization System: mo
- Hagfa Pinyim: mo4
- Sinological IPA: /mo⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)
- Wiktionary: mau3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /mau⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māu
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mô̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- bō - vernacular;
- mō͘ - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bho7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bō
- Sinological IPA (key): /bo¹¹/
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: mau5 / mau4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɒu̯²¹/, /mɒu̯⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- mau5 - vernacular;
- mau4 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 帽 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /mɑu⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /mau⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /mɑu⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /mɔ²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /mɔ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /mau³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /mau⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /mɔ²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /mɔ¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /mɔ¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /mɔ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /mau³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /mau¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /mao²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /mɔ²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /mɔo⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /mɔ⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /mau⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /mɔ³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /mɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /mɔ²³/ |
Suzhou | /mæ³¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /mɔ¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /mɜ²²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /mɔ²²/ |
Tunxi | /mən²⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /mau⁵⁵/ /mau¹¹/ |
Xiangtan | /maɯ²¹/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /mɑu²¹/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /mau⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /mo⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mou³⁵/ |
Nanning | /mu²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /mou³⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /bo²²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /mɔ²⁴²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /mau⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /bo³¹/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /mau³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: mawH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤuk-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*muːɡs/
Definitions
[edit]帽
- hat; cap (Classifier: 頂/顶 c)
- cap (protective cover)
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, slang) Short for 戴綠帽/戴绿帽 (“to cuckold”).
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 便帽 (biànmào)
- 側帽/侧帽
- 傻帽兒/傻帽儿
- 冰帽 (bīngmào)
- 合菜戴帽
- 大帽子
- 大禮帽/大礼帽 (dàlǐmào)
- 孟嘉落帽
- 安全帽 (ānquánmào)
- 官帽 (guānmào)
- 小帽
- 帢帽 (qià mào)
- 席帽
- 帽T (màotì)
- 帽兒/帽儿 (màor)
- 帽兜子
- 帽匠
- 帽子 (màozi)
- 帽子戲法/帽子戏法 (màozi xìfǎ)
- 帽徽 (màohuī)
- 帽盔
- 帽簾/帽帘
- 帽簷/帽檐 (màoyán)
- 帽耳 (mào'ěr)
- 帽舌 (màoshé)
- 帽花
- 帽章
- 愁帽
- 戴帽子
- 戴綠帽子/戴绿帽子 (dài lǜmàozi)
- 戴高帽 (dài gāomào)
- 扣帽子 (kòu màozi)
- 摜紗帽/掼纱帽
- 暖帽
- 書帽/书帽
- 朝帽
- 氈帽/毡帽 (zhānmào)
- 水手帽
- 浴帽 (yùmào)
- 涼帽/凉帽
- 烏帽/乌帽
- 烏紗帽/乌纱帽 (wūshāmào)
- 瓜皮帽 (guāpímào)
- 瓢帽子
- 瓦楞帽
- 睡帽 (shuìmào)
- 破帽
- 破紗帽/破纱帽
- 禮帽/礼帽 (lǐmào)
- 穿靴戴帽
- 笠帽 (lìmào)
- 筆帽/笔帽 (bǐmào)
- 篛帽/箬帽
- 篛帽芒鞋/箬帽芒鞋
- 紅黑帽/红黑帽
- 紗帽/纱帽 (shāmào)
- 綠帽/绿帽 (lǜmào)
- 綠帽子/绿帽子 (lǜmàozi)
- 緯帽/纬帽
- 纓帽/缨帽
- 羅帽/罗帽
- 耳朵帽
- 脫帽/脱帽 (tuōmào)
- 脫帽露頂/脱帽露顶
- 船形帽
- 花帽
- 草帽 (cǎomào)
- 草帽緶/草帽缏 (cǎomàobiàn)
- 落帽孟嘉
- 蓋帽/盖帽 (gàimào)
- 蒴帽
- 蕃帽
- 蘚帽/藓帽
- 螺帽 (luómào)
- 螺絲帽/螺丝帽 (luósīmào)
- 衣帽年
- 衣帽間/衣帽间 (yīmàojiān)
- 西瓜帽 (xīguāmào)
- 豹皮帽
- 連帽衫/连帽衫 (liánmàoshān)
- 遼東帽/辽东帽
- 雨帽
- 風帽/风帽 (fēngmào)
- 高帽子 (gāomàozi)
- 鴨嘴帽/鸭嘴帽
- 鴨舌帽/鸭舌帽 (yāshémào)
- 黃帽/黄帽
- 龍山落帽/龙山落帽
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Bouyei: maauh
- →? Lao: ໝວກ (mūak)
- →? Proto-Mon-Khmer: *muuk ~ muək (“hat”)
- →? Thai: หมวก (mùuak)
- → Vietnamese: mũ
- → Zhuang: mauh
References
[edit]- “帽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 帽 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
帽󠄁 帽 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
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帽󠄃 帽 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]- cap
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “帽”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mo̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [모]
Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]帽: Hán Nôm readings: mạo, mão, mũ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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