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傷害

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 伤害

Chinese

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injure; injury; wound
to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm
to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
 
trad. (傷害) 傷 害
simp. (伤害) 伤 害

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • siên1 hai7 - Chaozhou;
  • sion1 hai7 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang.
    Rime
    Character 傷 害
    Reading # 1/2 1/1
    Initial (聲) 書 (26) 匣 (33)
    Final (韻) 陽 (105) 泰 (25)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) III I
    Fanqie 式羊切 胡蓋切
    Baxter syang hajH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕɨɐŋ/ /ɦɑiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕiɐŋ/ /ɦɑiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕiɑŋ/ /ɣɑiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕɨaŋ/ /ɦajH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiaŋ/ /ɣɑiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭaŋ/ /ɣɑiH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯aŋ/ /ɣɑiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shāng hài
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		soeng1 hoi6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 傷 害
    Reading # 1/1 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shāng hài
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ syang › ‹ hajH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l̥aŋ/ /*m-kˁat-s/
    English wound hurt (v.t.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 傷 害
    Reading # 1/2 1/1
    No. 14581 4845
    Phonetic
    component         		昜 害
    Rime
    group         		陽 祭
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		商 害
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hljaŋ/ /*ɡaːds/
    Notes 金文非丯聲，似𥎆初文加古聲，
    㝬通胡

    Verb

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    傷害

    1. to injure; to hurt
      傷害感情／伤害感情  ―  shānghài gǎnqíng  ―  to hurt someone's feelings
    2. (law) to commit assault

    Synonyms

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    • (to injure):

    Noun

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    傷害

    1. injury
    2. (law) assault
    3. (video games) damage

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Sino-Xenic (傷害):

    See also

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    Japanese

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    Kanji in this term
    傷 害
    しょう
    Grade: 6     		がい
    Grade: 4
    on'yomi

    Etymology

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    From Middle Chinese 傷害 (MC syang hajH).

    Noun

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    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    傷(しょう)害(がい) • (shōgai) 

    1. injury
      • 1949, 永(なが)井(い) 隆(たかし) (Takashi Nagai), 長崎の鐘 [The Bells of Nagasaki]:
        傷(しょう)害(がい)の原(げん)因(いん)は原(げん)子(し)爆(ばく)弾(だん)に直(ちょく)接(せつ)よるものと、その爆(ばく)発(はつ)の現(げん)象(しょう)に伴(ともな)う間(かん)接(せつ)のものとがある。
        Shōgai no gen'in wa genshibakudan ni chokusetsu yoru mono to, sono bakuhatsu no genshō ni tomonau kansetsu no mono to ga aru.
        Injuries were caused by direct exposure to the nuclear blast as well as indirectly from contact with the resulting phenomena.

    Verb

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    傷(しょう)害(がい)する • (shōgai suru) suru (stem 傷(しょう)害(がい)し (shōgai shi), past 傷(しょう)害(がい)した (shōgai shita))

    1. to injure

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation of "傷害する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
    Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
    Mizenkei ("imperfective") 傷害し しょうがいし shōgai shi
    Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 傷害し しょうがいし shōgai shi
    Shūshikei ("terminal") 傷害する しょうがいする shōgai suru
    Rentaikei ("attributive") 傷害する しょうがいする shōgai suru
    Kateikei ("hypothetical") 傷害すれ しょうがいすれ shōgai sure
    Meireikei ("imperative") 傷害せよ¹
    傷害しろ²         		しょうがいせよ¹
    しょうがいしろ²         		shōgai seyo¹
    shōgai shiro²
    Key constructions
    Passive 傷害される しょうがいされる shōgai sareru
    Causative 傷害させる
    傷害さす         		しょうがいさせる
    しょうがいさす         		shōgai saseru
    shōgai sasu
    Potential 傷害できる しょうがいできる shōgai dekiru
    Volitional 傷害しよう しょうがいしよう shōgai shiyō
    Negative 傷害しない しょうがいしない shōgai shinai
    Negative continuative 傷害せず しょうがいせず shōgai sezu
    Formal 傷害します しょうがいします shōgai shimasu
    Perfective 傷害した しょうがいした shōgai shita
    Conjunctive 傷害して しょうがいして shōgai shite
    Hypothetical conditional 傷害すれば しょうがいすれば shōgai sureba
    ¹ Written imperative

    ² Spoken imperative

    Korean

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    Hanja in this term
    傷害

    Noun

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    傷害 • (sanghae) (hangeul 상해)

    1. hanja form? of 상해 (“injury; wound”)

    Vietnamese

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    chữ Hán Nôm in this term
    傷害

    Verb

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    傷害

    1. chữ Hán form of thương hại (“to feel sorry for someone; to pity; to show compassion to”).
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