佐

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佐 U 4F50, 佐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F50
← 住
[U 4F4F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佑 →
[U 4F51]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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佐 (Kangxi radical 9, 人 5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人大一 (OKM), four-corner 24211, composition ⿰亻左)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 506
  • Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 130, character 6
  • Unihan data for U 4F50

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 佐
alternative forms 左
𠡃

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 佐
Transcribed ancient scripts
L36863
L23690
L23691
L23692
L23693
L23694
L23695
L23696
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (左) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
左 *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls
佐 *ʔsaːls
袏 *ʔslaːls
蹉 *sʰlaːl
瑳 *sʰlaːl, *sʰlaːlʔ
搓 *sʰlaːl
磋 *sʰlaːl
溠 *sʰlaːl, *sraːl, *ʔsraːls
傞 *sʰlaːl, *slaːl
醝 *zlaːl
瘥 *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *sʰreːls
鹺 *zlaːl
嵯 *zlaːl, *sʰral
嵳 *zlaːl
蒫 *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *ʔslɯl
艖 *zlaːl, *sʰraːl
齹 *zlaːl, *sʰral, *zral
縒 *slaːlʔ, *sʰral, *sʰlaːɡ
褨 *slaːlʔ
嗟 *ʔsljal
差 *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral
鎈 *sʰraːl
槎 *zraːl, *zraːlʔ
髊 *zlals

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːls) : semantic 亻 (“person”) phonetic 左 (OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls).

Etymology

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Compare 佑 (OC *ɢʷɯs, “to assist; to help; to protect”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 佐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 則箇切
Baxter tsaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sɑH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sɑH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡saH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sɑH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sɑH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡sɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zuò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zo3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 佐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zuǒ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsaH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tsˁarʔ-s/ (dialect: *-r > *-j)
English aid, assist

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 佐
Reading # 1/1
No. 18005
Phonetic
component 		左
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		佐
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsaːls/

Definitions

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佐

  1. to assist; to aid; to second
  2. assistant; aide; subordinate

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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佐

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. aid
  2. help
  3. field officer (Military)

Readings

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  • Go-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
  • Kun: たすける (tasukeru, 佐ける)、たすけ (tasuke)、すけ (suke, 佐)

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 佐 (MC tsaH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕwa̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [좌(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

佐 (eumhun 도울 좌 (doul jwa))

  1. hanja form? of 좌 (“(literary) subordinate”)
  2. hanja form? of 좌 (“(military) commander; a field grade officer in the Korean People's Army”)
    (North Korea) 소좌 (少佐) ― Sojwa ― Junior Commander
    (North Korea) 중좌 (中佐) ― Jungjwa ― Lieutenant-Colonel; Middle Commander
    (North Korea) 상좌 (上佐) ― Sangjwa ― Colonel; High Commander
    (North Korea) 대좌 (大佐) ― Daejwa ― Senior Colonel; Brigadier; Grand Commander

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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佐: Hán Nôm readings: tá, tớ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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