হ
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Assamese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Assamese verb set |
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হ (ho) |
হোৱা (hüa) |
হোওৱা (hüüa) |
Inherited from Early Assamese ভ (bho), from Sanskrit ভৱতি (bhavati). Cognate with Sylheti ꠅꠃꠣ (oua), Bengali হওয়া (hoōẇa), Hindustani होना (honā) / ہونا (honā).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]হ • (ho)
- to be
- to become
- to occur, happen
- to result, have an effect
- to be born
- to pass by, elapse
- (with instrumental-case subject) to be done, committed
- enough
- a conjunct verb turning any noun or adjective into a verb
- থিয় হোৱা ― thi hüa ― to stand up
- ডাঙৰ হোৱা ― daṅor hüa ― to grow up
- ভাল হোৱা ― bhal hüa ― to be better
- বেয়া হোৱা ― bea hüa ― to be worse, damage
Conjugation
[edit]impersonal forms of হ
Affirmative ( ) | Negative (-) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | হ ho |
নহ noho | |
Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | হোৱা hüa |
নোহোৱা nühüa | |
Conjugative | হৈ hoi |
নহৈ nohoi | |
Infinitive | হ’ব höbo |
নহ’ব nohöbo | |
Genitive infinitive | হ’বৰ höbor |
নহ’বৰ nohöbor | |
Goal | হ’বলৈ höboloi |
নহ’বলৈ nohöboloi | |
Terminative | হ’বলৈকে höboloike |
নহ’বলৈকে nohöboloike | |
Future passive participle | হ’ব লগা höbo loga |
নহ’ব লগা nohöbo loga | |
Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | হওঁতা hoü̃ta |
নহওঁতা nohoü̃ta |
♀ | হোৱঁতী hüõti |
নোহোৱঁতী nühüõti | |
Contingent | হওঁতে hoü͂te |
নহওঁতে nohoü͂te | |
Progressive participle | হওঁতে - হওঁতে hoü͂te - hoü͂te |
নহওঁতে - নহওঁতে nohoü͂te - nohoü͂te | |
Reason | হোৱাত hüat |
নোহোৱাত nühüat | |
Past conditional | হ’লত hölot |
নহ’লত nohölot | |
Future conditional | হ’লে höle |
নহ’লে nohöle | |
Perfect participle | হৈ hoi |
নহৈ nohoi | |
Habitual participle | হৈ-হৈ hoi-hoi |
নহৈ-নহৈ nohoi-nohoi |
Conjugation forms of হ
Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
Present | |||||||
Indefinite | হওঁ hoü͂ |
হৱ hoo |
হোৱা hüa |
হয় hoy | |||
- | নহওঁ nohoü͂ |
নহৱ nohoo |
নোহোৱা nühüa |
নহয় nohoy | |||
Imperfective | হৈছোঁ hoisü͂ |
হৈছ hoiso |
হৈছা hoisa |
হৈছে hoise | |||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
হোৱা নাই hüa nai | |||||||
"not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
{{{pres-perf-5}}} {{{pres-perf-5-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6vf}}} {{{pres-perf-6vf-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6f}}} {{{pres-perf-6f-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-7}}} {{{pres-perf-7-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | হৈ আছোঁ hoi asü͂ |
হৈ আছ hoi aso |
হৈ আছা hoi asa |
হৈ আছে hoi ase | |||
- | হৈ থকা নাই hoi thoka nai | ||||||
Past | |||||||
Simple | হ’লোঁ hölü͂ |
হলি holi |
হ’লা höla |
হ’লে höle | |||
- | নহ’লোঁ nohölü͂ |
নহলি noholi |
নহ’লা nohöla |
নহ’লে nohöle | |||
Imperfective | হৈছিলোঁ hoisilü͂ |
হৈছিলি hoisili |
হৈছিলা hoisila |
হৈছিলে hoi}sile | |||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
নহৈছিলোঁ nohoisilü͂ |
নহৈছিলি nohoisili |
নহৈছিলা nohoisila |
নহৈছিলে nohoisile | ||||
Habitual | |||||||
{{{past-simp-7}}} {{{past-simp-7-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8vf}}} {{{past-simp-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8f}}} {{{past-simp-8f-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-9}}} {{{past-simp-9-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | হৈ আছিলোঁ hoi asilü͂ |
হৈ আছিলি hoi asili |
হৈ আছিলা hoi asila |
হৈ আছিলে hoi asile | |||
- | হৈ থকা নাছিলোঁ hoi thoka nasilü͂ |
হৈ থকা নাছিলি hoi thoka nasili |
হৈ থকা নাছিলা hoi thoka nasila |
হৈ থকা নাছিলে hoi thoka nasile | |||
Future | |||||||
Indicative | হ’ম höm |
হবি hobi |
হ’বা höba |
হ’ব höbo | |||
- | Indicative | ||||||
নহওঁ nohoü͂ |
নহৱ nohoo |
নোহোৱা nühüa |
নহয় nohoy | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
নহ’ম nohöm |
নহবি nohobi |
নহ’বা nohöba |
নহ’ব nohöbo | ||||
Continuous | হৈ থাকিম hoi thakim |
হৈ থাকিবি hoi thakibi |
হৈ থাকিবা hoi thakiba |
হৈ থাকিব hoi thakibo | |||
- | |||||||
Indicative | |||||||
হৈ নাথাকিম hoi nathakim |
হৈ নাথাকিবি hoi nathakibi |
হৈ নাথাকিবা hoi nathakiba |
হৈ নাথাকিব hoi nathakibo | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
{{{fut-cont-7}}} {{{fut-cont-7-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8vf}}} {{{fut-cont-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8f}}} {{{fut-cont-8f-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-9}}} {{{fut-cont-9-tr}}} | ||||
Others | |||||||
Imperative | হওঁ hoü͂ |
হ ho |
হোৱা hüa |
হওক hoük | |||
- | — | নহবি nohobi |
নহ’বা nohöba |
নহ’ব nohöbo | |||
❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. |
Derived terms
[edit]- জন্ম হ (zonmo ho)
- থিয় হ (thi ho)
- নাইকিয়া হ (naikia ho)
- বেয়া হ (bea ho)
- ভাল হ (bhal ho)
Letter
[edit]হ • (ho)
- The 44th character in the Assamese alphabet.
Bengali
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Letter
[edit]1=HPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
হ • (ho)
Alternative forms
[edit]See also
[edit]- (Bengali script letters) অ, আ, ই, ঈ, উ, ঊ, ঋ, এ, ঐ, ও, ঔ, ক, খ, গ, ঘ, ঙ, চ, ছ, জ, ঝ, ঞ, ট, ঠ, ড, ঢ, ণ, ত, থ, দ, ধ, ন, প, ফ, ব, ভ, ম, য, র, ল, শ, ষ, স, হ, ড়, ঢ়, য়, ৎ, ং, ঃ, ঁ (Category: Bengali letters) [edit]
Etymology 2
[edit]From earlier হয় (hoẏ, literally “(it) happens”), repurposed as an affirmative, derived from হওয়া (hoōẇa, “to be”). Compare Sylheti ꠅꠄ (oe), Assamese হয় (hoy), Odia ହଁ (hã).
Interjection
[edit]হ • (ho)
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- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
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- Assamese terms derived from Early Assamese
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