ফলা
Appearance
Assamese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ফালা (phala) — Central Standard
Etymology
[edit]Assamese verb set |
---|
ফল (phol) |
ফলা (phola) |
ফলোৱা (pholüa) |
ফলোওৱা (pholüüa) |
From ফাল (phal, “side”) -আ (-a, “verbal suffix”), from Sanskrit স্ফাটযতি (sphāṭayati, “to split”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ফলা • (phola) (Eastern Standard)
Verb
[edit]ফলা • (phola) (transitive) (Eastern Standard)
Conjugation
[edit]impersonal forms of ফলা
Affirmative ( ) | Negative (-) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | ফাল phal |
নেফাল nephal | |
Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | ফলা phola |
নফলা nophola | |
Conjugative | {{{cn}}} {{{cn-tr}}} |
{{{cn-1}}} {{{cn-1-tr}}} | |
Infinitive | ফালিব phalibo |
নেফালিব nephalibo | |
Genitive infinitive | {{{gin}}} {{{gin-tr}}} |
{{{gin-1}}} {{{gin-1-tr}}} | |
Goal | ফালিবলৈ phaliboloi |
নেফালিবলৈ nephaliboloi | |
Terminative | {{{trm}}} {{{trm-tr}}} |
{{{trm-1}}} {{{trm-1-tr}}} | |
Future passive participle | {{{fpp}}} {{{fpp-tr}}} |
{{{fpp-1}}} {{{fpp-1-tr}}} | |
Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | ফালোঁতা phalü̃ta |
নেফালোঁতা nephalü̃ta |
♀ | {{{agenf}}} {{{agenf-tr}}} |
{{{agenf-1}}} {{{agenf-1-tr}}} | |
Contingent | ফালোঁতে phalü͂te |
নেফালোঁতে nephalü͂te | |
Progressive participle | ফালোঁতে - ফালোঁতে phalü͂te - phalü͂te |
নেফালোঁতে - নেফালোঁতে nephalü͂te - nephalü͂te | |
Reason | {{{rs}}} {{{rs-tr}}} |
{{{rs-1}}} {{{rs-1-tr}}} | |
Past conditional | {{{unk}}} {{{unk-tr}}} |
{{{unk-1}}} {{{unk-1-tr}}} | |
Future conditional | ফালিলে phalile |
নেফালিলে nephalile | |
Perfect participle | ফালি phali |
নেফালি nephali | |
Habitual participle | ফালি - ফালি phali-phali |
নেফালি - নেফালি nephali - nephali |
Conjugation forms of ফলা
Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
Present | |||||||
Indefinite | ফালোঁ phalü͂ |
ফাল phalo |
ফালা phala |
ফালে phale | |||
- | নেফালোঁ nephalü͂ |
নেফাল nephalo |
নেফালা nephala |
নেফালে nephale | |||
Imperfective | ফালিছোঁ phalisü͂ |
ফালিছ phaliso |
ফালিছা phalisa |
ফালিছে phalise | |||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
ফলা নাই phola nai | |||||||
"not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
{{{pres-perf-5}}} {{{pres-perf-5-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6vf}}} {{{pres-perf-6vf-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6f}}} {{{pres-perf-6f-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-7}}} {{{pres-perf-7-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | ফালি আছোঁ phali asü͂ |
ফালি আছ phali aso |
ফালি আছা phali asa |
ফালি আছে phali ase | |||
- | ফালি থকা নাই phali thoka nai | ||||||
Past | |||||||
Simple | ফালিলোঁ phalilü͂ |
ফালিলি phalili |
ফালিলা phalila |
ফালিলে phalile | |||
- | নেফালিলোঁ nephalilü͂ |
নেফালিলি nephalili |
নেফালিলা nephalila |
নেফালিলে nephalile | |||
Imperfective | ফালিছিলোঁ phalisilü͂ |
ফালিছিলি phalisili |
ফালিছিলা phalisila |
ফালিছিলে phalisile | |||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
নেফালিছিলোঁ nephalisilü͂ |
নেফালিছিলি nephalisili |
নেফালিছিলা nephalisila |
নেফালিছিলে nephalisile | ||||
Habitual | |||||||
{{{past-simp-7}}} {{{past-simp-7-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8vf}}} {{{past-simp-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8f}}} {{{past-simp-8f-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-9}}} {{{past-simp-9-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | ফালি আছিলোঁ phali asilü͂ |
ফালি আছিলি phali asili |
ফালি আছিলা phali asila |
ফালি আছিলে phali asile | |||
- | ফালি থকা নাছিলোঁ phali thoka nasilü͂ |
ফালি থকা নাছিলি phali thoka nasili |
ফালি থকা নাছিলা phali thoka nasila |
ফালি থকা নাছিলে phali thoka nasile | |||
Future | |||||||
Indicative | ফালিম phalim |
ফালিবি phalibi |
ফালিবা phaliba |
ফালিব phalibo | |||
- | Indicative | ||||||
নেফালোঁ nephalü͂ |
নেফাল nephalo |
নেফালা nephala |
নেফালে nephale | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
নেফালিম nephalim |
নেফালিবি nephalibi |
নেফালিবা nephaliba |
নেফালিব nepholibo | ||||
Continuous | ফালি থাকিম phali thakim |
ফালি থাকিবি phali thakibi |
ফালি থাকিবা phali thakiba |
ফালি থাকিব phali thakibo | |||
- | |||||||
Indicative | |||||||
ফালি নেথাকিম phali nethakim |
ফালি নেথাকিবি phali nethakibi |
ফালি নেথাকিবা phali nethakiba |
ফালি নেথাকিব phali nethakibo | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
{{{fut-cont-7}}} {{{fut-cont-7-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8vf}}} {{{fut-cont-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8f}}} {{{fut-cont-8f-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-9}}} {{{fut-cont-9-tr}}} | ||||
Others | |||||||
Imperative | ফালোঁ phalü͂ |
ফাল phal |
{{{imp-1a}}} {{{imp-1a-tr}}} |
ফালক phalok | |||
- | — | নেফালিবি nephalibi |
নেফালিবা nephaliba |
নেফালিব nephalibo | |||
❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. |
Related terms
[edit]Bengali
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮𑀸 (phalā), from Sanskrit फलक (phalaka). Compare Odia ଫଳ (phaḷa), Nepali फल (phal), Hindustani پھل / फल (phal).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Rarh) IPA(key): /pʰɔla/, [ˈpʰɔlaˑ], /ɸɔla/, [ˈɸɔlaˑ], /fɔla/, [ˈfɔlaˑ]
Audio: (file)
- (Dhaka) IPA(key): /pʰɔla/, [ˈpʰɔlaˑ], /ɸɔla/, [ˈɸɔlaˑ], /fɔla/, [ˈfɔlaˑ]
Noun
[edit]ফলা • (phola)
- blade, edge
- thin or tapering end
- point (of arrow or sword)
- (linguistics) conjunct letters of consonants
Declension
[edit]Inflection of ফলা | |||
nominative | ফলা phôla | ||
---|---|---|---|
objective | ফলা / ফলাকে phôla (semantically general or indefinite) / phôlake (semantically definite) | ||
genitive | ফলার phôlar | ||
locative | ফলাতে / ফলায় phôlate / phôlaẏ | ||
Indefinite forms | |||
nominative | ফলা phôla | ||
objective | ফলা / ফলাকে phôla (semantically general or indefinite) / phôlake (semantically definite) | ||
genitive | ফলার phôlar | ||
locative | ফলাতে / ফলায় phôlate / phôlaẏ | ||
Definite forms | |||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | ফলাটি , ফলাটা phôlaṭi, phôlaṭa |
ফলাগুলি, ফলাগুলা, ফলাগুলো phôlaguli, phôlagula, phôlagulō | |
objective | ফলাটি, ফলাটা phôlaṭi, phôlaṭa |
ফলাগুলি, ফলাগুলা, ফলাগুলো phôlaguli, phôlagula, phôlagulō | |
genitive | ফলাটির, ফলাটার phôlaṭir, phôlaṭar |
ফলাগুলির, ফলাগুলার, ফলাগুলোর phôlagulir, phôlagular, phôlagulōr | |
locative | ফলাটিতে, ফলাটাতে, ফলাটায় phôlaṭite, phôlaṭate, phôlaṭaẏ |
ফলাগুলিতে, ফলাগুলাতে, ফলাগুলায়, ফলাগুলোতে phôlagulite, phôlagulate, phôlagulaẏ, phôlagulōte | |
Objective Note: In some dialects -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke). |
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮𑀇 (phalaï, “bear fruit”), from Sanskrit फलति (phalati). Cognate with Assamese ফলিব (pholibo), Odia ଫଳିବା (phaḷibā), Hindustani پھلنا / फलना (phalnā), Punjabi ਫਲਣਾ (phalṇā) / پَھلݨا (phalṇā), Gujarati ફળવું (phaḷvũ), Nepali फल्नु (phalnu), Marathi फळणे (phaḷṇe).
Equivalent to ফল (phol, “fruit, result”) -আ (-a, verb-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Rarh) IPA(key): /pʰɔla/, [ˈpʰɔlaˑ], /ɸɔla/, [ˈɸɔlaˑ], /fɔla/, [ˈfɔlaˑ]
Audio: (file)
- (Dhaka) IPA(key): /pʰɔla/, [ˈpʰɔlaˑ], /ɸɔla/, [ˈɸɔlaˑ], /fɔla/, [ˈfɔlaˑ]
Verb
[edit]ফলা • (phola)
- bear fruit
- come true
- follow (as a consequence)
Conjugation
[edit]impersonal forms of ফলা
verbal noun | ফলা (phôla) |
---|---|
infinitive | ফলতে (phólte) |
progressive participle | ফলতে-ফলতে (phólte-phólte) |
conditional participle | ফললে (phólle) |
perfect participle | ফলে (phóle) |
habitual participle | ফলে-ফলে (phóle-phóle) |
conjugation of ফলা
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
very familiar | familiar | familiar | polite | |||
singular | আমি (ami) | তুই (tui) | তুমি (tumi) | এ (e), ও (ō), সে (se) |
আপনি (apni) | ইনি (ini), উনি (uni), তিনি (tini) |
plural | আমরা (amra) | তোরা (tora) | তোমরা (tomra) | এরা (era), ওরা (ōra), তারা (tara) |
আপনারা (apnara) | এঁরা (ẽra), ওঁরা (ō̃ra), তাঁরা (tãra) |
simple present | ফলি (phóli) |
ফলিস (phólis) |
ফল (phôlo) |
ফলে (phôle) |
ফলেন (phôlen) | |
present continuous | ফলছি (phólchi) |
ফলছিস (phólchis) |
ফলছ (phólcho) |
ফলছে (phólche) |
ফলছেন (phólchen) | |
present perfect | ফলেছি (phólechi) |
ফলেছিস (phólechis) |
ফলেছ (phólecho) |
ফলেছে (phóleche) |
ফলেছেন (phólechen) | |
simple past | ফললাম (phóllam) |
ফললি (phólli) |
ফললে (phólle) |
ফলল (phóllo) |
ফললেন (phóllen) | |
past continuous | ফলছিলাম (phólchilam) |
ফলছিলি (phólchili) |
ফলছিলে (phólchile) |
ফলছিল (phólchilo) |
ফলছিলেন (phólchilen) | |
past perfect | ফলেছিলাম (phólechilam) |
ফলেছিলি (phólechili) |
ফলেছিলে (phólechile) |
ফলেছিল (phólechilo) |
ফলেছিলেন (phólechilen) | |
habitual/conditional past | ফলতাম (phóltam) |
ফলতিস/ফলতি (phóltis/phólti) |
ফলতে (phólte) |
ফলত (phólto) |
ফলতেন (phólten) | |
future | ফলব (phólbo) |
ফলবি (phólbi) |
ফলবে (phólbe) |
ফলবে (phólbe) |
ফলবেন (phólben) |
Adjective
[edit]ফলা • (phola)
References
[edit]- Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “ফলা”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]
- “ফলা”, in Accessible Dictionary [Bengali-English], Bangladesh: Young Power in Social Action (YPSA), 2018.
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Noun
[edit]ফলা
Categories:
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- Assamese terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Assamese terms derived from Sanskrit
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- Eastern Standard Assamese
- Assamese verbs
- Assamese transitive verbs
- Assamese terms with usage examples
- Bengali terms inherited from Prakrit
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- Bengali terms derived from Sanskrit
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- Bengali terms with audio pronunciation
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- bn:Linguistics
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- Bengali verbs
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