टङ्क

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

টঙ্ক (Assamese script)
ᬝᬗ᭄ᬓ (Balinese script)
টঙ্ক (Bengali script)
𑰘𑰒𑰿𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀝𑀗𑁆𑀓 (Brahmi script)
ဋင်္က (Burmese script)
ટઙ્ક (Gujarati script)
ਟਙ੍ਕ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌟𑌙𑍍𑌕 (Grantha script)
ꦛꦔ꧀ꦏ (Javanese script)
𑂗𑂑𑂹𑂍 (Kaithi script)
ಟಙ್ಕ (Kannada script)
ដង្ក (Khmer script)
ຏງ຺ກ (Lao script)
ടങ്ക (Malayalam script)
ᢞᠠᢛᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘘𑘒𑘿𑘎 (Modi script)
ᢌᠠᢊᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦸𑦲𑧠𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
𑐚𑐒𑑂𑐎 (Newa script)
ଟଙ୍କ (Odia script)
ꢜꢖ꣄ꢒ (Saurashtra script)
𑆛𑆕𑇀𑆑 (Sharada script)
𑖘𑖒𑖿𑖎 (Siddham script)
ටඞ‍්ක (Sinhalese script)
𑩦𑩠 𑪙𑩜 (Soyombo script)
𑚔𑚎𑚶𑚊 (Takri script)
டங்க (Tamil script)
టఙ్క (Telugu script)
ฏงฺก (Thai script)
ཊ་ངྐ (Tibetan script)
𑒙𑒓𑓂𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
𑨔𑨏𑩇𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʈɐŋ.kɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈʈɐŋ.kɐ/

Etymology 1

Apparently a Kulturwort of unclear ultimate origin; compare Bashkir тәңкә (təñkə, “ruble, silver coin”), and see there for more.^[1]

Noun

टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m

a stamped coin
a weight (=4 mâshâs)^[2]

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कः ṭaṅkaḥ	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्कान् ṭaṅkān
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2

Of unclear origin.^[3] Older theories, such as Pisani's suggestion of a relation to Latin truncus (“tree trunk; lopped, maimed”), are phonetically unconvincing.^[4]

Noun

टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m or n

a spade, hoe, hatchet, mattock, stonecutter's chisel
a peak or crag shaped like the edge of a hatchet, edge or declivity of a hill

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कः ṭaṅkaḥ	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्कान् ṭaṅkān
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कानि / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkāni / ṭaṅkā¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कानि / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkāni / ṭaṅkā¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कानि / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkāni / ṭaṅkā¹
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 3

Of unclear origin.^[5] A borrowing from Munda has been suggested by Kuiper and Kirfel (note similarities to the Austroasiatic word for "leg", as represented by Vietnamese chân (“leg, foot”)), though Mayrhofer finds this theory unconvincing.^[6]

Noun

टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m or n

leg

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कः ṭaṅkaḥ	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्कान् ṭaṅkān
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कानि / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkāni / ṭaṅkā¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कानि / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkāni / ṭaṅkā¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कानि / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkāni / ṭaṅkā¹
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 4

Of unclear origin, perhaps borrowed from a substrate that was absorbed by Dardic languages.^[7]

Noun

टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m

elephant apple (the fruit of Feronia elephantum)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कः ṭaṅkaḥ	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्कान् ṭaṅkān
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 5

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Placeholder for various probably-unrelated senses attested lexicographically. Some trace back to a form टङ्कण (ṭaṅkaṇa).”

Noun

टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m

borax
pride
a sword
a scabbard
wrath
(music) a kind of measure
name of a caste or people

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of टङ्क (ṭaṅka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	टङ्कः ṭaṅkaḥ	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Vocative	टङ्क ṭaṅka	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्काः / टङ्कासः¹ ṭaṅkāḥ / ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	टङ्कम् ṭaṅkam	टङ्कौ / टङ्का¹ ṭaṅkau / ṭaṅkā¹	टङ्कान् ṭaṅkān
Instrumental	टङ्केन ṭaṅkena	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्कैः / टङ्केभिः¹ ṭaṅkaiḥ / ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹
Dative	टङ्काय ṭaṅkāya	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Ablative	टङ्कात् ṭaṅkāt	टङ्काभ्याम् ṭaṅkābhyām	टङ्केभ्यः ṭaṅkebhyaḥ
Genitive	टङ्कस्य ṭaṅkasya	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्कानाम् ṭaṅkānām
Locative	टङ्के ṭaṅke	टङ्कयोः ṭaṅkayoḥ	टङ्केषु ṭaṅkeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

→ Kannada: ಟಂಕೆ (ṭaṅke)
→ Malayalam: തങ്കം (taṅkaṁ), ടങ്കം (ṭaṅkaṁ)
→ Tamil: தங்கம் (taṅkam), டங்கம் (ṭaṅkam)
→ Burmese: ဒင်္ဂါး (dangga:)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “5426”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-²”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) “ṭaṅkaḥ³”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[3] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 456
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-³”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[4] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) “ṭaṅkaḥ⁴”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[5] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 456
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-⁴”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[6] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Etymology 3

Noun

Declension

Etymology 4

Noun

Declension

Etymology 5

Noun

Declension

Descendants

References

Further reading