ܫܘܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic שׁוּשָׁא (šūšā), from Akkadian 𒄑𒊺𒆕𒀀 (šūšum, “licorice”); compare Arabic سُوس (sūs), and Hebrew שׁוּשׁ (shush); possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *swéh₂dus (“sweet”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃuːʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܘܼܫܵܐ • (šuša) m (plural ܫܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ (šuše))

1. (botany) licorice/liquorice

Declension

Inflection of ܫܘܼܫܵܐ (šūšā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܘܼܫܝܼ (šūšī)		ܫܘܼܫܲܢ (šūšan)
	construct	ܫܘܼܫ (šūš)	2nd person	ܫܘܼܫܘܼܟ݂ (šūšūḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܟ݂ܝ (šūšāḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šūšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܘܼܫܵܐ (šūšā)	3rd person	ܫܘܼܫܹܗ (šūšēh)	ܫܘܼܫܵܗ̇ (šūšāh)	ܫܘܼܫܗܘܿܢ (šušhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܘܼܫܝܼ̈ (šūšī)		ܫܘܼܫܲܢ̈ (šūšan)
	construct	ܫܘܼܫܲܝ̈ (šūšay)	2nd person	ܫܘܼܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šūšūḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šūšāḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šūšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ (šūšē)	3rd person	ܫܘܼܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šūšūh)	ܫܘܼܫ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šūšōh)	ܫܘܼܫܗ̈ܘܿܢ (šušhōn)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Northern Kurdish شیشه (şûşe).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃuːʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܘܼܫܵܐ • (šuša) m (plural ܫܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ (šuše))

1. glass

   Synonym: ܙܓ݂ܘܿܓ݂ܝܼܬܵܐ (zḡoḡīta)

2. glass container

   Synonym: ܙܓܘܓܝܬܐ (zgwgitā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܘܼܫܵܐ (šūšā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܘܼܫܝܼ (šūšī)		ܫܘܼܫܲܢ (šūšan)
	construct	ܫܘܼܫ (šūš)	2nd person	ܫܘܼܫܘܼܟ݂ (šūšūḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܟ݂ܝ (šūšāḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šūšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܘܼܫܵܐ (šūšā)	3rd person	ܫܘܼܫܹܗ (šūšēh)	ܫܘܼܫܵܗ̇ (šūšāh)	ܫܘܼܫܗܘܿܢ (šušhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܘܼܫܝܼ̈ (šūšī)		ܫܘܼܫܲܢ̈ (šūšan)
	construct	ܫܘܼܫܲܝ̈ (šūšay)	2nd person	ܫܘܼܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šūšūḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šūšāḵ)	ܫܘܼܫܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šūšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ (šūšē)	3rd person	ܫܘܼܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šūšūh)	ܫܘܼܫ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šūšōh)	ܫܘܼܫܗ̈ܘܿܢ (šušhōn)

Etymology 3

Root
ܫ ܘ ܫ (š w š)
2 terms

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃwɑːʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܘܵܫܵܐ • (šwaša) m (plural ܫܘܵܫܹ̈ܐ (šwaše))

1. disruption, disorder
2. self-restraint, gentleness, patience

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܘܵܫܵܐ (šwāšā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܘܵܫܝܼ (šwāšī)		ܫܘܵܫܲܢ (šwāšan)
	construct	ܫܘܵܫ (šwāš)	2nd person	ܫܘܵܫܘܼܟ݂ (šwāšūḵ)	ܫܘܵܫܵܟ݂ܝ (šwāšāḵ)	ܫܘܵܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šwāšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܘܵܫܵܐ (šwāšā)	3rd person	ܫܘܵܫܹܗ (šwāšēh)	ܫܘܵܫܵܗ̇ (šwāšāh)	ܫܘܵܫܗܘܿܢ (šwāšhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܘܵܫܝܼ̈ (šwāšī)		ܫܘܵܫܲܢ̈ (šwāšan)
	construct	ܫܘܵܫܲܝ̈ (šwāšay)	2nd person	ܫܘܵܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šwāšūḵ)	ܫܘܵܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šwāšāḵ)	ܫܘܵܫܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šwāšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܘܵܫܹ̈ܐ (šwāšē)	3rd person	ܫܘܵܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šwāšūh)	ܫܘܵܫ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šwāšōh)	ܫܘܵܫܗ̈ܘܿܢ (šwāšhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܫ-ܘ-ܫ (š-w-š) related to disrupting.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃawʃɑ(ʔ)], [ʃ(ə)wɑʃɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃawʃe(ʔ)], [ʃ(ə)wɑʃe(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܫܘܫܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܘܫܐ)

1. disruption, disorder
2. self-restraint, gentleness, patience

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܘܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܘܫ	ܫܘܫܝܢ
construct	ܫܘܫ	ܫܘܫܝ
emphatic	ܫܘܫܐ	ܫܘܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܘܫܝ	ܫܘܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܘܫܟ	ܫܘܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܝ	ܫܘܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܘܫܗ	ܫܘܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܘܫܗ	ܫܘܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܘܫܢ	ܫܘܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܘܢ	ܫܘܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܝܢ	ܫܘܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܘܫܗܘܢ	ܫܘܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܘܫܗܝܢ	ܫܘܫܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

Compare Akkadian 𒄑𒊺𒆕𒀀 (šūšum, “licorice”), Arabic سُوس (sūs), and Hebrew שׁוּשׁ (šûš).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃuʃɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃuʃe(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܫܘܫܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܘܫܐ)

1. (botany) licorice/liquorice

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܘܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܘܫ	ܫܘܫܝܢ
construct	ܫܘܫ	ܫܘܫܝ
emphatic	ܫܘܫܐ	ܫܘܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܘܫܝ	ܫܘܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܘܫܟ	ܫܘܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܝ	ܫܘܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܘܫܗ	ܫܘܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܘܫܗ	ܫܘܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܘܫܢ	ܫܘܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܘܢ	ܫܘܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܝܢ	ܫܘܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܘܫܗܘܢ	ܫܘܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܘܫܗܝܢ	ܫܘܫܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃuʃɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃuʃe(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܫܘܫܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܘܫܐ)

1. Alternative form of ܣܣܐ

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܘܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܘܫ	ܫܘܫܝܢ
construct	ܫܘܫ	ܫܘܫܝ
emphatic	ܫܘܫܐ	ܫܘܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܘܫܝ	ܫܘܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܘܫܟ	ܫܘܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܝ	ܫܘܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܘܫܗ	ܫܘܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܘܫܗ	ܫܘܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܘܫܢ	ܫܘܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܘܢ	ܫܘܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܘܫܟܝܢ	ܫܘܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܘܫܗܘܢ	ܫܘܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܘܫܗܝܢ	ܫܘܫܝܗܝܢ

References

• “šwš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 569a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1537b