πέτρος

See also: Πέτρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Of Pre-Greek origin. Related to πέτρα (pétra, “rock formation”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pé.tros/ → /ˈpe.tros/ → /ˈpe.tros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pé.tros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/

Noun

πέτρος • (pétros) m or f (genitive πέτρου); second declension

1. rock, stone, boulder
2. type of reed

Usage notes

• Originally masculine, feminine in later poets.

Declension

Second declension of ὁ, ἡ πέτρος; τοῦ, τῆς πέτρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ πέτρος ho, hē pétros	τὼ πέτρω tṑ pétrō	οἱ, αἱ πέτροι hoi, hai pétroi
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς πέτρου toû, tês pétrou	τοῖν πέτροιν toîn pétroin	τῶν πέτρων tôn pétrōn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ πέτρῳ tôi, têi pétrōi	τοῖν πέτροιν toîn pétroin	τοῖς, ταῖς πέτροις toîs, taîs pétrois
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν πέτρον tòn, tḕn pétron	τὼ πέτρω tṑ pétrō	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς πέτρους toùs, tā̀s pétrous
Vocative	πέτρε pétre	πέτρω pétrō	πέτροι pétroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (stone): λίθος (líthos)

Derived terms

• πάντα κινῆσαι πέτρον (pánta kinêsai pétron, “leave no stone unturned”)

Further reading

• “πέτρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πέτρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πέτρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πέτρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πέτρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πέτρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • boulder idem, page 90.
  • crag idem, page 182.
  • rock idem, page 719.
  • stone idem, page 819.