κρίνω

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See also: κρινῶ

Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hellenic *kríňňō, from Proto-Indo-European *kri-n-ye-, from *krey- (to sift, separate). Cognates include English rinse, Latin cernō (I separate, discern), and Welsh gogrynu.[1]

The root of the verb was originally short, but the Attic–Ionic–Doric present tense κρῑ́νω (krī́nō) has a long (ī) because the vowel of the root was compensatorily lengthened after the shortening of Proto-Hellenic *ňň, and the aorist ἔκρῑνᾰ (ékrīna) has long (ī) because of compensatory lengthening after the loss of the aorist tense-marker /s/ in the original form /ekrin-sa/. The Aeolic present κρῐ́ννω (krínnō) and aorist ἔκρῐννε (ékrinne) have a short (i) and doubled νν (nn) because the consonant ν (n) was compensatorily lengthened instead of the vowel.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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κρῑ́νω (krī́nō)

  1. (transitive) to separate, divide, part, distinguish between two things or people or among a group of things or people
  2. (transitive) to order, arrange
  3. to inquire, investigate
  4. to select, choose, prefer
  5. (transitive) to decide a dispute or contest, with accusative of the contest or dispute, or accusative of a person involved in the contest or dispute; (intransitive) to pass judgement, come to a decision
    1. (middle voice, passive voice) to have a contest decided
    2. (middle voice and passive voice) to contend, dispute, quarrel
  6. to decide or judge [with accusative ‘that something’ and infinitive ‘does something’; or with accusative ‘that something’ and accusative ‘is something’]
  7. to discern between good and bad
  8. to judge, pronounce
  9. to bring to court, accuse
  10. to pass sentence on, condemn, criticize
  11. to secrete

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: κρίνω (kríno)
  • Mariupol Greek: крину (krinu)

References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρῑ́νω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 780-1

Further reading

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Greek

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Etymology

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Inherited from Ancient Greek κρίνω, from Proto-Hellenic *kríňňō, from Proto-Indo-European *kri-n-ye-, from *krey-.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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κρίνω (kríno) (imperfect έκρινα, past έκρινα, passive κρίνομαι) passive past: κρίθηκα

  1. to judge, assess, decide

Conjugation

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Verbs -and see their derivatives-
Other related words