The Zoologist/1st series, vol 1 (1843)

 

 

JANUARY, MDCCCXLIII

 

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THE ZOOLOGIST:

AN

ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY MAGAZINE

OF

NATURAL HISTORY,

AND

JOURNAL FOR RECORDING FACTS & ANECDOTES

RELATING TO

QUADRUPEDS, BIRDS, REPTILES, FISHES, ANNELIDES,
TNSECTS, WORMS, ZOOPHYTES, &c.

THEIR HABITS, FOOD, RETREATS, OCCASIONAL APPEARANCE,

MIGRATIONS, NESTS AND YOUNG.

 

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No. 1.

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LONDON:

JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW

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Price ONE SHILLING.

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LUXFORD & CO. RATCLIFF HIGHWAY.

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MONTHLY

MAGAZINES OF NATURAL HISTORY,

'THE ZOOLOGIST' AND 'THE PHYTOLOGIST.'

Price 1s. each.

Impressed with the absolute necessity of dividing the overwhelming mass of Natural History into its obvious branches, Zoology and Botam . u e attempt the establishment of two Journals, each rigidly ted to that branch whose name it bears: thus enabling those urn their attention to but one of these studies, to avoid the ex- and inconvenience of purchasing a number of communica- tions in which they feel no interest.

Contributions from all parts of the Kingdom are most earnestly solicited. For the Zoologist these must relate to Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Insects, Shells, Worms, and Animalcules, together with facts and anecdotes relating to their habits, food, retreats, occa- sional appearance, migrations, nests, and young : for the Phytologist the communications must treat of Flowering Plants, Ferns, Mosses, Lichens, Fungi and Seaweeds, their structure, nomenclature, classifi- cation, uses, properties and localities ; and in order that all contribu- tions to these Journals may be perfectly intelligible to every reader, it is requested that Latin descriptions and the technicalities of science be avoided as much as possible.

 

This day is published, Part the First, Pice 3s.

OF

THE SYSTEM OF NATURE,

BY

EDWARD NEWMAN.

This work is a reprint, with some additions, of the first and second chapters of an Essay entitled 'Sphinx Vespiformis.'

In this first part the author has attempted to prove —

That there is at present no general system acknowledged in Natural History.

That such a system most probably exists.

That all animals have a tendency to resemble certain normal forms which he supposes central.

That Man is central in a group usually termed Primates.

That the Primates are central in a group known as Placentals. In the second part the author will attempt to show

That the Placentals are central among Vertebrates.

The Vertebrates are central among Animals.

That in a system thus constituted, the various propensities of ani- mals for food or habitation, as connected with air, earth or water, together with the structure incident on such propensities, radiate from Man, the most highly organised form, in the centre, to the most simple forms on the circumference.

[See Page3.]

In 8vo., with nearly One Hundred Illustrations, price 12s.

A FAMILIAR INTRODUCTION

TO THE

HISTORY OF INSECTS,

By EDWARD NEWMAN, F.L.S., F.Z.S. &c.

 

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"The work throughout is clearly written, in many parts with animation and spirit — the result of an active mind distinctly per- ceiving what it intends to convey — Spectator, May 29, 1841.

 

"A volume which is likely to be very serviceable to the beginner. It is very carefully illustrated by numerous and well executed wood- engravings."— A/orweV?^ Herald, June 19, 1841.

 

"This volume, one of the best familiar introductions to En- tomology we have met with, we recommend to those desirous of acquiring accurate elementary information on the history, general physiology, classification, and mode of preserving insects."— Professor Jameson's Journal, Oct., 1841.

 

"We have here a complete popular treatise! It is a kind of first book on Entomology, out may answer every purpose to nine -tenths of students." — Taifs Edinburgh Magazine, June, 1841.

 

"We have marked above with Roman type the character of this publication, which is truly a very acceptable mixture of the dulce et utile. Mr. Newman does not take too much knowledge for granted, but beginning at the beginning, fairly illustrates his subject till we find that his is the beginning of the end. We cordially recommend his volume not only to entomological students, but to all lovers of animate Nature." —^Literary Gazette, June 12, 1841.

 

"The charm of this volume is, that it is written in a frank and explanatory spirit, which will be quite as intelligible and as cap- tivating to a child as to a man. There are no mysteries of science buried under ominous italics in its pages. Every definition is full- nothing is taken as granted — we are carried into the field of inquiry as if we had never heard of it before ; and it is our fault, and not that of the writer, if we do not understand enough about entomology, when we have closed the book, to tempt us to realize some further acquisitions for ourselves. The secret of all this consists in the simple but very important principle upon which the author has com- posed this treatise. He has presumed at starting that his readers know nothing whatever of the subject, and he has written accord- ingly. There is no doubt that this is the proper way of writing intro- ductions. It is the only way to make them achieve with complete success the end for which they are designed." — Atlas, August 14, 1841.

 

JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW.

CONTENTS OF 'THE ZOOLOGIST' FOR JANUARY.

 

QUADRUPEDS.

 

Note on the Siberian Mammoth (with figure) - - - - 1

Note on the Occurrence of Bats at Epping. By Henry Doubleday, Esq. --------6

Anecdote of a Bat flying by Day-light, and Anecdote of a Mole. By J.W. Douglas, Esq. - - - - - - 7

Notice of a 'History of British Quadrupeds, including the Cetacea. By Thomas Bell' - - - 7

 

BIRDS.

 

Note on the Tree Sparrow, and Table showing the Day of the Arrival of the Summer Birds of Passage at Epping, from the year 183 1. to 1842. By Henry Doubleday, Esq. - - - - -12

Appearance of Migratory Birds near Sheffield. By John Heppenstall, Esq. -------- 13

Note on the Occurrence of Birds on Board Ship. By W.C. Hewitson, Esq. - - 15

Affection of a Sparrow for its Young. By James Bladon, Esq. - 16

 

ANNELIDES.

 

On the Minute Anatomy of the Horse Leech. By John Quekett, Esq., M.R.C.S.L. (with figures.) - - 17

 

INSECTS.

 

Notice of Books about Bees -

Description of Erycina Margaretta, (with figure) and notice of a singular case of Monstrosity in the Antennæ of a Beetle, (with figure). By Adam White, Esq., of the British Museum - - 28

Note of the Capture of Polia occulta. By Henry Doubleday, Esq. - 30

Note of Captures, including Lebia crux-minor. By J. F. Stefhe Esq.,F.L.S. &Z.S. -----

Note of the Capture of Catocala Fraxini. By Samuel Stevens, Esq. 30

Note on the Capture of Colias Hvale and Argynnis Lathonia. By W. Gaze, Esq. - • . t - - - - 30

Enquiry respecting the Stridulant Sound produced by an Insect. By the Rev. D. Landsborough - - - - - 31

Note on the Capture of Deilephila Galii and Acherontia Atropos. By R. S. Edleston, Esq. - - - 32

Note on a Wasp's Nest. By James Bladon, Esq. - 32

 

ZOOPHYTES.

 

Note on Sertularia. By James Bladon, Esq. - - - 32

No. 2 will be published on the 1st of February. Contributions are earnestly solicited, and must be addressed to the Editor, at the Publisher's, 1, Paternoster Row.

 

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THE ZOOLOGIST FOR 1843.

Pp. 1—384.

 

 

LONDON:

PRINTED BY E. NEWMAN, DEVONSHIRE STREET,

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THE

ZOOLOGIST:

A

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OF

NATURAL HISTORY.

 

CONDUCTED BY

EDWARD NEWMAN, F.L.S., Z.S., &c.

 

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VOLUME THE FIRST,

ILLUSTRATED BY UPWARDS OF ONE HUNDRED FIGURES.

LONDON:

JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW.

M.DCCC.XLIII.

 

 

Nature never did betray
The heart that loved her! 'Tis her privilege,
Through all the years of this our life, to lead
From joy to joy, for she can so inform
The mind that is within us, so impress
With quietness and beauty, and so feed
With lofty thoughts, that neither evil tongues,
Rash judgments, nor the sneers of selfish men,
Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor all
The dreary intercourse of common life,
Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturb
Our cheerful faith that all that we behold
Is full of blessings. — Wordsworth.

 

 

PREFACE.

 

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The attempt to combine scientific truths with readable English, has been considered by my friends as one of surpassing rashness; and many have been the kind and pressing solicitations I have received to desist from a labour so hopeless,—many the supplications to introduce a few Latin descriptions, just to give the work a scientific character.

In reply to my friends, I would beg to instance White's Selborne. That most delightful of histories is written in pure, plain, intelligible English, and has found ample favour in the eyes of the public. White is now no more, but his mantle has fallen upon others:—a multitude of observers have arisen in the same field, and, what is more to my purpose, have become contributors to the pages of 'The Zoologist.' Nature herself is exhaustless: our field of observation is wider, a thousand-fold, than White ever enjoyed; our capacity for observation is certainly not less. These are the grounds I have for hoping that 'The Zoologist' will succeed.

I beg to offer my warmest thanks to those naturalists who have by their contributions rendered me such important assistance. I would gladly mention by name several whose papers have struck me as particularly pleasing; but in doing so I feel I should be guilty of an unkindness towards others, whose contributions are equally well intended, and equally essential to keep up the character of the work, as a general register for zoological facts.

I hope every contributor to this volume will be also a contributor to the next: and I hope too that each present contributor will induce some friend to become so. I wish that every district should have a chronicler of its Natural History, and that 'The Zoologist' should be the receptacle for all.

 

My part in connexion with 'The Zoologist' is widely different from that of editors in general. I am no intellectual giant, through the ordeal of whose searching criticism each contribution must pass before its publication. Every one who subscribes a single fact is welcome—nay, more than that—has a direct claim to be admitted as a contributor. My only duties are, first, to give the facts something like arrangement,—to associate, as much as possible, those which relate to one group or one class of animals, and to print every communication relating to that group before I proceed to another; and, secondly, to defray the charges incidental to publication: and, since every item of expenditure is conducted with a view to strict economy, the proceeds from a very moderate sale would be sufficient to reimburse me.

 

In conclusion, let me advert to the difficulty there is in making the existence of 'The Zoologist' known even to those who feel the warmest interest in the subjects of which it treats—the difficulty of attaining even a moderate circulation:—and let me entreat those who become acquainted with the work, to make it known amongst their friends.

 

EDWARD NEWMAN.

 

9, Devonshire Street, Bishopsgate,
November 11, 1843.

 

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CONTENTS.

 

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ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

 

Atkinson, Rev. John.
Keen scent of the stoat, 344; Nests of the swallow, 354; Dates of migration at Kelvedon, 355; Singular locality for a redstart's nest, 355; Habits of the barn owl, 384.

Atkinson, Rev. J.C, B.A.
Habits of the nuthatch, 213; Habits of the redshank, 233; Late departure of the fieldfare, 246; Nests of martins on sandstone rocks, 246; Notes on Ephemerae, 272; Manners of the water-rat, 293; Nesting-place of the swallow, 354; Migration of swifts, 354; Migration of martins and sand-martins, 354; Observations on previous notes on the grey wagtail, 358.

Baird, W., M.D.
Luminous appearance of the sea, 55; Descriptions of British Entomostraca, 193

Banister, Rev. J.D.
Voracity of the eel, 108; Rare British birds, 145

Bartlett, John Pemberton
White shrew mouse, 287; Harvest mouse, 289; Poaching propensity of snakes and adders, 322

Bates, Henry Walter
Coleopterous insects frequenting damp places, 1 14; Enquiry respecting critical papers, 156; Seasons of appearance of Polyommatus Argiolus, 199; Occurrence of Colias Edusa in Leicestershire, 330

Bedell, George
Capture of Thera juniperata, 94

Bell, Robert John
Bats flying by daylight, 75; Early nests of the sparrow, 76; Occurrence of the locust near Derby, 123; Rapid increase of the polymorphous mussel, 253; Carnivorous propensity of mollusks, 257

Bell, Thomas, F.R.S.
Glass bee-hive of a singular construction, 113; Peacock killed by a common hen, 360

Beynon, W.L.
Economy of a fossorial Hymenopterous insect, 265

Bladon, James
Affection of the sparrow for its young, 16; Nest of Vespa britannica, 32; On wasps, 32; Sertularia, 32; Reasoning power in a cat, 74; Variation in Scoliopteryx libatrix, 260

Bond, Frederick
Birds shot at Southend, 39; Waterbirds occurring at Kingsbury reservoir, 102; Occurrence of rare British insects, 125; Occurrence of rare British birds, 148; Cure of grease in insects, 175

Bree, Rev. W.T., M.A.
Late departure of the swallow, 101; Occurrence of certain butterflies near Dover, 113; Mancipium Daplidice, 201; Occurrence of Colias Edusa, 258

Briggs, J.J.
Occurrence of rare British birds in the county of Derby, 178; Capture and appearance of certain British birds, 311; Capture of large fishes in the Trent, 323

Brown, Edwin
Occurrence of Coleopterous insects during floods, 177; Entomological collecting boxes, 177; Use of the lantern in collecting moths, 178; Piscivorous habits of the brown rat, 212; Keen scent of the weasel tribe, 213; Enquiry—Does the female sky-lark sing? 219; More frequent occurrence of the woodcock, 249; Multiplication of Dreissena polymoipha, 255

Clarke, G.
Aphides and the larva of a fly which destroys them, 123

Clifford, Rev. Frank
Anecdote of a robin, 357

Couch, Jonathan
Occurrence near Polperro of a fish new to the British catalogue, 81; Bats by daylight, 343

Couch, R.Q.
Vitality of the sheath of the Hydroidae,

205 ; Nature of the axis of Gorgo-

nia verrucosa, 276

Dawson, Rev. J.F.
Anthrocera Loti, 331; Black redstart, 355

Doubleday, Edward, F.L.S.
Alligators in East Florida, 41 ; Lepi-

dopterous insects, 109, 197; Capture of Stauropus Fagi, 199; Capture of

Claviger foveolatus, 200

Doubleday, Henry
Bats at Epping, 6 ; Tree sparrow, 11;

Arrival of summer birds at Epping, 12, 222 ; Capture of Polia occulta, 30 ; Red-backed shrike, grey shrike and haw-finch, 40 ; Sphinx Ligustri and Smerinthus ocellatus, 175; Cap- ture of Nocture with sugar, 201 ; Capture of Lophopteryx carmelita and Ceratopacha octogesima, 201 ; Names of British moths, 332 ; Cor- rection of inaccurate statements on

the wood wren, 356

Douglas, J.W.
Bat flying by daylight, 6 ; Anecdote

of a mole, 7 ; Capture of moths on grass, 64 ; Hybernating butterflies, 176 ; Capture of Stauropus Fagi, 199; Occurrence of Colias Edusa in Surrey, 331 ; Occurrence of Colias Hyale in Kent, 331 ; Cerura Vinu- la,332; Cucullia Asteris, 333; Acro- nycta Ligustri, 333 ; Appearance of moths during rain, 334 ; Blighted appearance of oaks, 337 ; Capture

of Trichius variabilis in Surrey, 340

Dowell, E.W.
Late departure of the swift, 77 ; Oc- currence of the Cassian heron, 78

Drummond, Jas. L., M.D.
Gold-fish emitting vegetable fibres from a wound in its back, 84

Duncan, Robert Dick
Notes on various birds, 238 ; Nests of birds, 380

Edleston, R.S.
Deilephila Galii, 31 ; Acherontia Atro-

pos, 31 ; Lepidopterous insects cap- tured at Manchester, 112 ; Capture of Colias Philodice, 175; Capture of Nyssia hispidaria, 175; Emperor moth, 199; Capture of Heliothis ar- migera, 260 ; Saturnia Pavonia-mi-

nor and Lasiocampa Rubi, 260

Edmonston, Thos. jun.
Capture of the sea eagle in Shetland, 36 ; Northern diver, 365

Embleton, Robert
Occurrence of Echinodermata in Nor- thumberland, 275

Farr, Henry F.
Capture of Lithosia muscerda in Nor-

folk, 260 ; Capture of moths on sal- lows, 333 ; Capture of moths on ivy,

333

Fisher, Marshall
Occurrence of the bones of a beaver, and of a wild boar near Ely, 348

Fisher, W.R.
Occurrence of the Avocet near Yar-

mouth, 148 ; Occurrence of rare birds near Yarmouth, 180 ; Voraci- ty of the gull tribe, 248 ; Arrival of summer birds of passage at Yar- mouth, 248 ; Departure of winter birds of passage from Yarmouth, 248; Hooded crow breeding in Nor- folk, 315; Pigmy curlew and dun- lin, 316; occurrence of the buff- breasted sandpiper at Yarmouth, 363; Changes in the plumage of the

honey buzzard, 375

Gaze, W.
Capture of Colias Hyale and Argynnis

Lathonia, 30 ; Occurrence of the peacock butterfly in December, 64 ; Capture of rare British Lepidoptera near Lavenham, 1 72 ; Seasons of appearance of Polyommatus Argio-

lus in Suffolk, 258

Gosse, P.H.
Electric centipede, 160

Gough, Thomas
Effect of a mild winter on birds near

Kendal, 183; Notes on the habits of

the masked gull in confinement, 242

Gray, George Robert
Description of several species of the genus Phyllium, 117

Gray, John Edward, F.R.S.
Animals which force other animals to form a house for their protection, 202

Greenwood, Alfred
Occurrence of the black redstart near

Penzance, 100; Occurrence of the squacco heron near Penzance, 143 ; Occurrence of Richard's pipit in

Cornwall, 190

Greville, R. Northmore
Capture of Rhinomacer attelaboides,

272 ; Capture of Coleopterous in-

sects near Edinburgh, 340

Gurney, J.H.
Occurrence of the red-winged Icterus

near Norwich, 317 ; Occurrence of

red-legged hobby nr. Norwich, 350

Hall,T.B.

Note on the Sudbury Mechanics' Mu- seum, 341

Harley, James

Arrival of summer birds near Leices- ter, 220

Harrison, J. B.

Capture of Colias Hyale, 260

Haslam, S. H.

Occurrence of the lark bunting near Milnthorpe, 316

Hepburn, Archibald

Sand-martin, 146; Swallow, 147; Mi- gration of birds, 147; Early nest of the sparrow, 148 ; Habits of certain birds, 185 ; Arrival of summer birds in East Lothian, 220 ; Birds injuri- ous to agriculture, 296, 366

Heppenstall, John

Appearances of migratory birds near Sheffield, 13; Occurrence of the os- prey, 14 ; Woodcock and snipe, 15; Migratory birds, 15 ; Grey wagtail, 140 ; Ring ouzel, 144 ; Arrival of summer birds of passage near Shef- field, and occurrence of hawks near Sheffield, 247 ; Lesser redpoll, 353

Hewett, William

Crickets, 340 : Badger, 344 ; Otter, 344 ; Black mice, 348 ; Nest of the harvest-mouse, 349 ; Anecdote of a red deer, 349 ; Screech owl, rooks, Royston crow, magpie, jays and star- lings, 350, 351 ; Ring ouzel, 351 ; Wryneck, bunting and shrike, 352 ; Nesting-places of the swallows, 353 ; Blackcap in January, 356 ; Domes- tic pigeon settling upon trees, 360 ; Anecdote of a pheasant and fox 361 ; Occurrence of quails in winter, 361 ; Anecdote of a partridge, 361 ; Anec- dote of a partridge and fox, 361 ; Anecdote of a woodcock, 362; Gold- en plover, 362 ; Eggs of stone cur- lew, 363 ; Habits of the dottrel, 363

Hewitson, W. C.

Birds on board ship, 15; Migration of birds, 103; Capture of Coleopterous insects during a flood, 116

Hogg, William

Habits of the raven, 215, 305; Habits of the carrion crow, 304 ; Habits of the grouse, 306

Holland, A.

Enquiry respecting a wagtail, 136

Holme, Frederick

Occurrence of the orange-legged hob- by, 78 ; Capture of Vanessa Antio- pa near Truro, 156 ; Habits of Dy- tiscus punctulatus, 200 ; Anecdote of snails devouring insects, 201 ; Noctulebat,213; Kestril,223; Oc- currence of the eared grebe at Ox- ford, 223 ; Species of Aleochara, 271 ; Chrysomela Banksii, 271 ; Ci- cindela campestris, 271 ; Broscus cephalotes, 271 ; Phyllopertha hor- deola, 271 ; Species of Cionus and Sphaerula Lythri, 271 ; Molytes an- glicanus, 271 ; Enquiry respectiug the humble-bee, 336; British spe- cies of Carabus, 338 ; Agonum affi- ne, 332 ; Habits of Amara, 339 ; Badister bipustulatus, 340; Haltica Brassicae and Velleius dilatatus,340

Hussey, Rev. Arthur

Certain fishes remaining stationary in size, 322 ; Voracity of the eel, 323 ; Sudden appearance and disappear- ance of insects, 336; Harvest-mouse 349 ; Singular noise made by a spar- row, 353 ; Bills of birds, 362

Hoyer, J.

Wolves in Canada, 132 ; Bears in Ca- nada, 133 ; Moose in Canada, 134

Jerdon, Archibald

Summer birds at Bonjedward, 220 ; Occurrence of the white-winged cross-bill in Scotland, 221 ; Siskin, 222; Habits of the black-headed gull, 245 ; Moulting of birds, 249 ; Squirrel, 347 ; Occurrence of a cream-coloured grouse, 361 ; Anec- dote of the common fowl, 361

Jordan, Robert C.R.

Bats at Teignmouth, 75 ; Late depar- ture of swallows, 76 ; Capture of moths on ivy, 157 ; Occurrence of Colias Electra, 176, 330 ; Scoliop- teryx libatrix, 333 ; Appearance of Lepidoptera at Teignmouth, 334 ; Singular situation of a bee's nest, 336 ; Common snipe, 362

Jordan, W.R. Hall

Crossbill, 39 ; Red-backed shrike, 40 ; Medic egger, 94 ; Occurrence of the Bohemian chatterer near Teign- mouth, 188; Occurrence of the rose- coloured thrush near Teignmouth, 188 ; Occurrence of rare insects at Teignmouth, 199 ; Migrations of birds, 313

Kidd, Waring

Enquiry respecting the water-rail, 148; Occurrence of the boar-fish at Brighton, 191

King, William Doubleday

Capture of insects by flowers, 127

Knox, A. E., M.A.

Birds of Sussex, 137, 225 ; Pied wag- tail, 190

Lambert, Alfred

Bat flying by daylight, 35 ; Caterpil- lar of Orgyia gonostigma, 95

Landsborough, Rev. D.

Enquiry respecting a stridulant insect, 31 ; On mollusks &c. observed at Whiting bay in Arran, 86

Lee, Melville

Capture of Lepidoptera near Cam- bridge, 257

Lewcock, J.

Occurrence of the brambling near Farnham, 1 88 ; Occurrence of the tree sparrow at Tilford, 189; Wood- cock breeding in the Holt forest, 1 89; Crossbill breeding in the Holt fo- rest, 189

Loudon, J. C, F.L.S.

The cayman, 150

Morris, Beverley R., M.D.

Capture of Xanthia Xerampelina 334 ; Starling, 351

Morris, Rev. Francis Orpen, B.A.

Blighted appearance of oak and ash trees, 272, 338 ; Pleadings for the dumb, 345

Newman, Edward, F.L.S.

The Siberian mammoth, 1 ; Capture of a whale at Deptford, 33 ; Late de- parture of swallows, 77; Description of Psychopsis mimica, 125 ; On the Pterodactyle tribe, 129; Colias Elec- tra, 176

Nicholson, C.

Note on the grey wagtail, 230

Norman, George

Late departure of the swallow, 102 ; Smerinthus ocellatus and S. Populi, 174

Parsons, Christopher, F.L.S.

Habits of the dabchick, 364

Patterson, Robert

Reptiles mentioned in Shakspeare's plays, 249, 317

Plant, J.

Capture of Colias Hyale, 259

Quekett, John

On the minute anatomy of the horse- leech, 17, 88, 324

Reece, George

Occurrence of the blackcap at Worces- ter in January, 76 ; Occurrence of the herring gull near Worcester, 104

Rodd, Edward Hearle

Occurrence of rare British birds, 140 ; Occurrence of the bustard near the Lizard point, 144 ; Occurrence of the wood sandpiper at Penzance, 189; Occurrence of the Squacco heron near Penzance, 189; Early breeding of the ring plover, 190 ; Occurrence of the dusky sandpiper in Cornwall, 363 ; Occurrence of the spoonbill in Cornwall, 364

Ross, F. W. L.

Description of Muller's top-knot, 106

Salmon, J. D.

Early incubation of birds, 76 ; Bee- hives, 95 ; Power possessed by bees to raise a queen from an egg destin- ed to produce a worker, 158

Saul, M.

Habits of the blue titmouse, 309 ; The walking branch caterpillar, 335 ; Occurrence of the harvest-mouse in Lancashire, 349 ; Frugivorous pro- pensity of the song thrush, 351 ; Anecdote of male blackbird, 351

Smith, Frederick

Captures of Hymenopterous insects at Hawley, 61 ; Descriptions of British wasps, 161 ; Description of a new British bee, 261 ; Entomological captures in Hampshire, 262 ; Cap- ture and habits of Clavigcr foveola- tus, 266

Stephens, J. F., F.L.S.

Captures near Guildford, 30; Capture of Lebia Crux-minor, 30

Stevens, Samuel

Capture of Catocala Fraxini, 30 ; Cap- ture of Pissodes Pini, 271 ; Capture of Colias Edusa in Sussex, 330 ; Capture of Colias Hyale in Kent and Sussex, 331 ; Capture of Calo- campa vetusta, 334

Swaysland, George

Occurrence of the black redstart near Brighton, 188 ; The golden-crested wren, 188

Thomas, W. H.

Reed warbler, 97

Thompson, William

Weasel, 36 ; Sand lizard, 1 04 ; Spe- cies of toad, 321

Trathan, James J.

Late departure of swallows, 76 ; Con- tinental white wagtail, 188

Wakefield, R.

Occurrence of Sphinx Convolvuli at Lower Clapton, 331 ; Economy of ants, 335

Walker, Francis

Sepsis cynipsea, 95 ; Larva of Cis Bo- leti, 116; Occurrence of Heliothrips Adonidum in Messrs. Loddiges' stove houses, 123

Walmesley, Vivian

Ringdove, & Reed warbler, 222 ; Pug- naceous disposition of blackcap, 356

Waterton, Charles

Cayman, 150; Combat betwixt two hares, 211

White, Adam

Description of Erycina Margaretta, 28 ; Monstrosity in the antennae of a beetle, 29

Wilcox, W.

Early arrival of martins, 145

Willoughby, S.

Occurrence of rare birds in Lincoln- shire, 247 ; Capture of the pine mar- ten in Lincolnshire, 345 ; Occurrence of Arctic tern, young and adult, in Lincolnshire, 365 ; Occurrence of a young cuckoo in a reed-warbler's nest, 352 ; The snow bunting, 352

Wollaston, Vernon

Coleopterous insects occurring at Launceston, 115; Near Cambridge, 116; Captures of Curculionidae 174; Odacantha melanura, 198; Capture of Coleoptera in Lincolnshire, 269

Worsley, Anna

Bats flying by daylight, 212

Yarrell, William, F.L.S.

Birds lately ascertained to be British, 79 ; New or rare fishes in England, 85

 

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ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SUBJECTS.

 

Acherontia Atropos, capture of, 31

Acronycta Ligustri, 333

Agonum affine, note on, 339

Aleochara, species of, 271

Alligators in East Florida, 41

Amara, habits of some species of, 339

Animals which force other animals to form a house for their protection, 202

Anthrocera Loti, 331

Ants, note on the economy of, 335 ; battle of, 335

Aphides, and the larva of a fly which de- stroys them, 123 ; shower of, 128

Argynnis Lathonia, capture of, 30

Avocet near Yarmouth, 148, 235

 

Badger, 344

Badister bipustulatus, 340

Bat, noctule, 213

Bats occurring at Epping, 6 ; flying by daylight, 6, 35, 75, 212, 343 ; oc- curring at Teignmouth, 75

Bears in Canada, 133

Beaver, occurrence of the bones of near Ely, 348

Bee-hives, note on, 95 ; glass bee-hive, 1 13

Bees, power possessed by to raise a queen from an egg destined to produce a worker, 158; new British, 261 ; sin- gular situation of a nest, 336 ; note on nests of, in snail-shells, 336 ; en- quiry respecting the humble-bee 336

Birds, summer, arrival of at Epping, 12 ; notices of at Epping, 13 ; migra- tory, appearance of near Sheffield, 13 ; migratory, 15 ; occurrence of on board ship, 15 ; shot at South- end, 39; shot in February, 41 ; ear- ly incubation of, 76; lately ascer- tained to be British, 79 ; in March, 81 ; water, occurring at Kingsbury reservoir, 102; migration of, 103; in April, 104 ; of Sussex, 137,225 ; occurrence of rare British, in Corn- wall, 140 ; occurrence of rare Bri- tish near Garstang, 145 ; migration of, 147 ; occurrence of rare British, 148 ; capture and appearance of rare British in the county of Derby, 178; occurrence of rare British, near Great Yarmouth, 180; near Kendal, effects of the late mild winter on, 183; on the habits of, 185; in June, 191; on the arrival of summer in the in- terior of E. Lothian, 219; arrival of summer, near Jedburgh, 220 ; arri- val of summer, near Leicester, 220 ; arrival of summer at Epping, 222 ; notes on various, 238 ; curious note of, 240 ; occurrence of rare in Lin- colnshire, 247; arrival of summer, near Sheffield, 247; arrival of sum- mer, near Yarmouth, 248 ; depar- ture of winter, from Yarmouth, 248 ; moulting of, 249; injurious toAgriculture, and the benefits also derived from them, 296, 366 ; capture and appearance of, in Derbyshire, 311 ; migration of, 313 ; bills of, 362 ; nests of, 380

Bittern, little, 225

Blackbird, anecdote of, 352 ; food of, 366

Blackcap in January, 76, 356 ; pugnaci- ous disposition of, 356

Blighted trees, 272, 337, 338

Boar fish at Brighton, occurrence of, 191 ; note on, 192

Bohemian chatterer near Teignmouth, 188

Boxes, entomological collecting, 177

Brambling near Farnham, 188 ; food of, 299

Bream, sea, Couch's, described, 81

Broscus cephalotes, 271

Bunting, food of, 301 ; lark, on the occur- rence of near Milnthorpe, 316, 352; snow, 303, 352

Bustard, occurrence of near the Lizard point, 144

Butterfly, peacock, in December, 64

Butterflies occurring near Dover, 113; re- markable abundance of hybernat- ing, 176

Buzzard, honey, changes of plumage, 375

 

Calocampa vetusta, capture of at Birch- wood, 334

Carabus, on the British species of, 338

Cat, reasoning power in, 74

Caterpillar, walking branch, note on, 335

Catocala Fraxini, capture of, 30

Cayman, anecdote of, 149 ; note on, 150

Centipede, electric, 160

Ceratopaeha octogesima, occurrence of at Epping, 201

Cerura vinula, 332

Chatterer, Bohemian, occurrence of near Teignmouth, 188

Chaffinch, food of, 297

Chrysomela Banksii, 271

Cicindela campestris, 271

Cionus, on the species of, and Sphaerula Lythri, 271

Cis Boleti, larva of, 116

Claviger foveolatus, note on the capture of, 200, 266

Coleoptera frequenting damp places, 114 ; occurring at Launcestou, 115; oc- curring near Cambridge, 116; dur- ing a flood, 116,177; in Lincoln- shire, 269 ; near Edinburgh, 340

Colias Hyale, capture of, 30, 259, 260, 331 ; Philodice, note on, 175; Elec- tra or Edusa, occurrence of, 258, 330, 331 ; periodical occurrence of, 176

Cœlioxys umbrina, 63

Couch's sea bream, description of, 81

Crickets, note on, 340

Critical papers, enquiry respecting the ad- mission of, 156

Cross-bill, 39; white-winged, 142, 221 ; breeding in the Holt forest, 189

Crow, carrion, habits of, 304 ; defence of, 367 ; hooded, breeding in Norfolk, 315 ; habits of, 366; Royston, 350

Cuckoo, anecdote of a young, in a reed- warbler's nest, 352

Cucullia Asteris, 333

Curculionidæ near Cambridge, capture of, 174

Curlew, note on the pigmy, and dunlin, 316; stone, eggs of, 363

Cyclopsina Arietis,56; Rivillei, 58; Slab- beri, 59

Cythere inopinata, 195

 

Dabchick, habits of, 364

Daphnia brachiata, 196

Deer, red, anecdote of, 349

Deilephila Galii, capture of, 31

Description of Erycina Margaretta, 28 ; of Cyclopsina Arietis, 56; of C: Ri- villei, 58 ; of C. Slabberi, 59; of Oithona plumifera, 59 ; of O. splen- dens, 61 ; of Ccelioxys umbrina, 63 ; of Couch's sea bream, 81 ; of Mul- ler's top-knot, 106 ; of Leptocircus Curiusand L.Meges, 111 ; of seve- ral species of the genus Phyllium, 117; of Psychopsis mimica, 125 ; of the British wasps, 161 ; of Cy there inopinata, 195; of Daphnia brachi- ata, 196; of Thymara Zaida, 197; of a new British bee, 261 .

Diver, northern, breeds in Shetland, 365

Dog, pointer, anecdote of, 35

Dottrell, habits of, 363

Dreissena polymorpha, on the multiplica- tion of, 255

Duck, wild, food of, 374

Dytiscus punctulatus, note on the habits of, 200

 

Eagle, sea, capture of, 36 ; golden, 178

Echinodermata occurring in Northumber- land, 275

Eel, note on the voracity of the, 108, 323

Elampus Panzeri, 264

Enquiry respecting a stridulant insect, 31

Entomostraca, British, descriptions of, 55, 193

Ephemeræ, notes on, 272

Epipone laevipes, 264

Erycina Margaretta, description of, 28

Fieldfare, note on, 238 ; on the late de- parture of, 246

Fishes, rare, occurrence of in England, 85; preservation of, 192; certain, remaining stationery in size, 322 ; on the capture of large in the Trent, 323

Fleas infesting the holes of the sand-mar- tin, 128

Formica sanguinea, 262

Fowl, domestic, anecdote of, 361

 

Goldfinch, food of, 300

Gold fish, having vegetable fibres arising from an ulcer, 84

Goose, wild, food of, 373

Gorgonia verrucosa, on the nature of the axis of, 276

Grebe, eared, on the occurrence of at Ox- ford, 223

Greenfinch, food of, 301

Grouse, red, 186 ; black, 187 ; habits of red, 306; cream-coloured, 361; food of, 373

Guildford, captures near, 30

Gull, herring, occurrence of at Worcester, 104 ; masked, habits of in confine- ment, 242 ; black-headed, habits of, 245 ; voracity of, 248 ; common, food of, 374

 

Haltica Brassicæ, note on, 340

Hampshire, captures of insects in, 262

Hares, anecdote of a combat betwixt two, 211

Hawfinch, note on, 40

Hawks, occurrence of near Sheffield, 247

Hedgehog, apology for the, 345

Heliothis armigera, capture of near Sal- ford, 260

Heliothrips Adonidum, occurrence of, 123

Heron, Cassian, occurrence of, 78 ; Squac- co, near Penzance, 143, 189

Hobby, orange-legged, occurrence of, 78; occurrence of near Norwich, 350

Hymenoptera, capture of at Hawley, 61 ; fossorial, economy of, 265

Hydroidæ, on the vitality of the sheath of, 205

 

Jackdaw, 185 ; food of, 367

Jay, food of, 370

Icterus, red-winged, on the occurrence of near Norwich, 317

Idiot boy catching and devouring bees, anecdote of, 127

Intelligence of animals illustrated by two pointer dogs, 35

Insects captured by flowers, 127 ; rare British, occurrence of, 125 ; cure of grease in, 175 ; note on the occur- rence of rare, at Teignmouth, 199, 335 ; on the sudden appearance and disappearance of, 336

 

Kestril, 223

 

Lantern, use of, in capturing moths by night, 178

Lark, enquiry — does the female sing? 219 food of, 303

Lebia Crux-minor, capture of, 30

Leech, horse, minute anatomy of, 17, 88, 324

Lepidoptera, descriptions of, 109, 197; captures of at Manchester, 112; near Lavenham, 172; near Cam- bridge, 257; dates of appearance near Teignmouth, 334

Linnet, food of, 300

Lithosia muscerda in Norfolk, 260

Lizard, sand, 104

Locust, occurrence of near Derby, 123

Lophopteryx Carmelita, capture of at Ep- ping, 201

Luminous appearance of the sea, 55

Magpies, jays and crows, note on, 350, 351 ; food of, 370

Mammoth, Siberian, 1

Mancipium Daplidice, 201

Marten, pine, capture of in Lincolnshire, 345

Martins, early arrival of, 145; sand, 146; house, note on, 242; nests of, in sandstone rocks, 246 ; migration of, 354

Medic egger, note on, 94

Mice, black. 348

Microscopical Society of London, 256

Migration, notes on, 103, 355

Miscus campestris, 264

Mole, anecdote of, 7

Mollusks found in Whiting bay, 86 ; car- nivorous propensity of, 257

Molytes anglicanus, note on, 271

Monstrosity in the antennas of a beetle, 29

Moose in Canada, 134, 135

Moths, capture of on grass, 64 ; capture of on blossoms of ivy, 157, 333; em- peror captured by means of a cap- tive female, 190 ; by sugaring trees &c. 201 ; names of British, 332; on sallows near Norwich, 333 ; ap- pearance of during rain , 334

Mouse, note on a white shrew, 287 ; mor- tality of the common shrew, 288; note on the singing, 288 ; on the harvest, 289, 290, 291, 292, 349

Museum, Sudbury Mechanics', 341

Mussel, polymorphous, on the rapid in- crease of in Great Britain, 253

 

Nests of birds, 380

Nightingale, 240

Nocture captured with sugar, 201

Notices: — 'A History of British Quadru- rupeds, including the Cetacea,' by Thomas Bell, 65 ;'My Bee-Book,' by William Charles Cotton, 22; 'The Honey-bee, its Natural His- tory,' &c, by Edward Bevan, 22 ; 'The Old Red Sandstone,' by Hugh Miller, 42; 'Figures of Molluscous Animals,' by Mrs. Gray, 53; White's Selborne, by the Rev. Leonard Je- nyns, 223; 'Description of a Gigan- tic Fossil Sloth,' by Richard Owen, F.R.S., 281

Nuthatch, note on the habits of, 213

Nyssia hispidaria and zonaria, capture of, 175

 

Odacantha melanura, capture of, 198

Oithona plumifera, 59 ; O. splendens, 61

Orgyia gonostigma, caterpillar of, 95

Osmia atricapilla, 265

Osprey, note on, 14, 179

Otter, note on, 344

Owl, screech, note on, 350 ; barn, habits of, 384

 

Parrot, grey, 104

Partridge, anecdotes of, 361 ; food of, 372

Peacock killed by a hen, 360

Pheasant, 186; anecdote of, 361; food of, 372

Phyllium, the species of, 117

Phyllopertha horticola, 271

Pigeon, domestic, settling on trees, 360

Pipit, Richard's, in Cornwall, 190 ; mea- dow, 241

Pissodes Pini near London, 271

Pleadings for the dumb, 345

Plover, golden, habits of, 362

Polia occulta, capture of, 30

Polyommatus Argiolus, on the seasons of appearance of, 199, 258

Psychopsis mimica, description of, 125

Pterodactyle tribe considered as marsupial bats, 129

 

Quails, occurrence of in winter, 361 ; food of, 373

 

Rat, on the piscivorous habits of the brown 212; on peculiarities in the manners of the water, 293, 296

Raven, habits of, 215, 227, 305, 366

Redpoll, lesser, habits of, 353

Redshank, habits of, 233

Redstart, black, occurrence of near Pen- zance, 100; near Brighton, 188,355

Redstart's nest in a singular locality, 355

Reed-warbler, 97, 222

Reed-sparrow, 303

Reptiles mentioned in Shakspeare's plays, 249, 317

Rhinobatus planus, 265

Rhinomacer attelaboides, capture of near Edinburgh, 272

Rhombus hirtus, description of, 106

Ring-dove, nest of, 222 ; food of, 370

Ring ouzel, note on, 144, 351

Ring plover, early breeding of, 190

Robin, anecdotes of, 357

Rook, note on 239, 350 ; food of, 367

 

Sandpiper, pectoral, 141 ; Wood, occur- rence of near Penzance, 143, 189 ; buff-breasted, occurrence of, 363; dusky, occurrence of, 363

Saturnia Pavonia-minor, and Lasiocampa Rubi, 260

Scoliopteryx libatrix, on the variation of colour in, 260, 333

Sea-eagle, capture of, 36

Selborne, notice of White's, 223

Sepsis cynipsea, 95

Sertularia, note on, 32

Shells and crabs at Circular head, Van Diemen's Land, 255

Shrew, white, 287 ; common, mortality of, 288

Shrike, red-backed, note on, 40, 352 ; grey, note on, 40

Siskin, note on the, 222

Skylark, enquiry,— Does the female ever sing? 219,238; food of, 303

Sloth, fossil, 281

Smerinthus ocellatus, and Smer. Populi, 174,175

Snails devouring insects, note on, 201

Snakes and adders, poaching propensities of, 322

Snipe breeds on Dartmoor, 362

Sparrow, tree, note on, 11; domestic, anec- dote of affection for its young, 16 ; early nests of, 76, 148 ; tree, at Til- ford, 189 ; food of, 299 ; singular noise made by, 353

Sphinx Ligustri and Smerinthus ocella- tus, 175; Convolvuli, 331

Spoonbill, occurrence of in Sussex, 225, in Cornwall, 364

Squirrel, notes on, 347

Starlings, note on, 351 ; food of, 370

Stauropus Fagi, capture of, 199

Stoat, on the keen scent of, 344

Stridulant insect, enquiry respecting, 31

Swallows, late departure of, 76, 77, 101, 102, 147, 241 ; nesting places of, 353, 354

Swift, late departure of, 77 ; migration of, 354

Tern, arctic, young and adult, 365

Thera juniperata, capture of, 94

Thrush, White's, enquiry respecting, 103; answered by H. Doubleday, 104; rose-coloured at Teignmouth, 188 ; song, frugivorous propensity of, 351

Thymara Zaida, 197

Titlark, 238

Titmouse, curious nests of, 309 ; food of, 366

Toad, note on a species of, 321

Top-knot, Muller's, description of, 106

Trees, on the blighted appearance of oak and ash in Yorkshire, 272, 337, 338

Trichius variabilis, capture of, 340

Twite, food of, 301

 

Vanessa Antiopa, occurrence of near Tru- ro, 156

Velleius dilatatus, 340

Vespa britannica, nest of, 32

 

Wagtail, enquiry respecting, 136; pied, 137, 190 ; grey, 140; continental white at Falmouth, 188 ; grey, 230, 358

Warbler, willow, 311 ; wood, 312

Wasps, note on, 32 ; descriptions of the British species, 161

Water-rail, enquiry respecting, 148

Water-hen, food of, 373

Weasel, 36 ; on the keen scent and perse- vering efforts of in pursuit of prey, 213

Whale, capture of at Deptford, 33

Wheatear, 240

Wolves in Canada, 132

Wood-chat, 142

Woodcocks occurring at Twizell, 80 ; oc- curring at Torrington for five succes- sive years, 80 ; breeding in the Holt forest, 189, 249 ; anecdote of, 362

Wood sandpiper, 143, 189

Wood wren, account of corrected, 356

Wren, golden crested at sea, 188

Wryneck, note on, 352

Xanthia Xerampelina, capture of, at Crambe, near York, 334

Yellow-hammer, 239, 302

 

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ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

 

Avocet, 225

Bee and its nest in a snail-shell, 336

Beetle, antennae of, 29

Boar fish, 191

 

Cephalaspis Lyellii, 52

Claviger foveolatus, 269

Coccosteus cuspidatus, 48

Colias Hyale, 259

Cyclopsina Arietis, (2 figures), 57

Cyclopsina„ Slabberi, 58

Cyclopsina„ Rivillei, 58

Cythere inopinata, (5 figures), 195

 

Daphnia branchiata, 193

 

Erycina Margaretta (2 figures), 28

 

Gold fish with vegetable fibres issuing from an ulcer on its back, 84

Gull, masked, 244

Gull, black-headed, 245

 

Himantopterus fuscinervis, 198

Honey buzzard in three different states of plumage, 376

Honey buzzard„ in three other states of plumage, 377

Leech, horse, anatomy of, (12 figures), 17

Leech, horse, anatomy of,„ (5 figures), 92

Leech, horse, anatomy of,„ (9 figures), 324

Leptocircus Meges, 111

Leptocircus„ Curius, 111

 

Mammoth, Siberian, 1

Marsupial bats, 129

Mice, harvest, and their nest, 289

Muller's top-knot, 106

Muller's„ top-knot,„ (5 figures), 107

 

Oithona splendens, 60

Oithona„ plumifera, 60

 

Phyllium bilobatum, 120

Phyllium„ (9 figures), 121

Polypes (11 figures), 206

Psychopsis mimica, 125

Pterychthys, or winged fish, 47

 

Redshank, 233

Richard's pipit, tail-feather of, 181

 

Sea-bream, Couch's, 81

Sloth, gigantic, 281

 

Thymara Zaida, 197

Titmouse, curious nest of (4 figures), 309

 

Wasps (6 figures), 162

Wasps„ (3 figures), 167

Wasps„ (3 figures), 168

Wasps„ (3 figures), 169

Wasps„ (1 figure), 170

Whale, fin-backed, 33

 

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ADVERTISEMENT.

 

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Should 'The Zoologist' meet with encouragement, it will be continued both as a monthly and an annual publication. As a monthly, it will contain thirty-two pages of letter-press, occasionally accompanied with illustrations engraved in wood ; will be on sale three days before the end of every month ; and will be charged one shilling. As an annual, it will be sold on or about the 1st of December ; will contain twelve monthly numbers, bound and lettered uniformly with the present volume ; and will be charged thirteen shillings. An alphabetical list of contents will be published once in the year : this will be arranged in three divisions, the first to comprise the names of contributors, with the titles of their contributions ; the second of subjects ; and the third of illustrations : for this list no charge will be made. In order to avoid confusion, it is intended to page the work continuously from its commencement to its completion, and the binder is directed to place on the back of each volume, the pages it contains.

 

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