Yttrium(III) fluoride

Yttrium(III) fluoride
Names
	Other names yttrium trifluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13709-49-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	75502 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.855
EC Number	237-257-5;
PubChem CID	83679;
UNII	V8QS7WES60 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2065595 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3FH.Y/h31H;/q;;; 3/p-3 Key: RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K ; InChI=1/3FH.Y/h31H;/q;;; 3/p-3 Key: RBORBHYCVONNJH-DFZHHIFOAP;
	SMILES F[Y](F)F;
Properties
Chemical formula	YF3
Molar mass	145.90 g mol−1
Appearance	white powder
Density	4.01 g cm−3
Melting point	1,387 °C (2,529 °F; 1,660 K)
Boiling point	2,230 °C (4,050 °F; 2,500 K)
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility in acid	soluble
Refractive index (nD)	1.51 (500 nm)
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic, oP16, SpaceGroup = Pnma, No. 62
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301 P312, P302 P352, P304 P312, P304 P340, P305 P351 P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332 P313, P337 P313, P362, P363, P403 P233, P405, P501
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Yttrium(III) chloride; Yttrium(III) bromide; Yttrium(III) iodide
Other cations	Scandium(III) fluoride; Lutetium(III) fluoride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Yttrium(III) fluoride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula Y F₃. It is not known naturally in 'pure' form. The fluoride minerals containing essential yttrium include tveitite-(Y) (Y,Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆F₄₂ and gagarinite-(Y) NaCaY(F,Cl)₆. Sometimes mineral fluorite contains admixtures of yttrium.^[1]^[2]

Synthesis

YF₃ can be produced by reacting fluorine with yttria or yttrium hydroxide with hydrofluoric acid.^[3]

Y(OH)₃ 3HF → YF₃ 3H₂O

Properties

Yttrium(III) fluoride has a refractive index of 1.51 at 500 nm^[4] and is transparent in the range from 193 nm to 14,000 nm (i.e. from the UV to IR range).

Pure yttrium can be obtained from yttrium(III) fluoride by reduction with calcium.

Yttrium(III) fluoride crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system, with space group Pnma (space group no. 62), with the lattice parameters a = 6.3537 Å, b = 6.8545 Å, c = 4.3953 Å.^[5] Yttrium is nine times coordinated by fluorine atoms.

Occurrence and uses

It occurs as the mineral waimirite-(Y).^[6]

Yttrium(III) fluoride can be used for the production of metallic yttrium,^[7] thin films, glasses^[8] and ceramics.

Hazards

Conditions/substances to avoid are: acids, active metals and moisture.

References

^ Dinér, Peter (February 2016). "Yttrium from Ytterby". Nature Chemistry. 8 (2): 192. Bibcode:2016NatCh...8..192D. doi:10.1038/nchem.2442. ISSN 1755-4349. PMID 26791904.
^ "Tiny particles produce huge photon avalanches". Physics World. 2021-01-21. Archived from the original on 2022-01-19. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
^ SCHENK, P.W.; BRAUER, G. (1963), "Preparative Methods", Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, Elsevier, pp. 3–107, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9, ISBN 978-0-12-395590-6, archived from the original on 2024-03-05, retrieved 2023-12-24
^ "General Reserch Institute Nonferrous Metals". 2007-09-28. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2023-12-24.
^ Cheetham, A. K.; Norman, N.; Hope, Håkon; Kjekshus, Arne; Klewe, Bernt; Powell, D. L. (1974). "The Structures of Yttrium and Bismuth Trifluorides by Neutron Diffraction". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 28a: 55–60. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.28a-0055. ISSN 0904-213X.
^ "Waimirite-(Y): Mineral information, data and localities". Archived from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
^ "Yttrium Fluoride, YF3 - For Optical Coating" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-05. Retrieved 2023-12-24.
^ "Yttrium Fluoride 99%-99.999% from Metall Rare Earth Limited". www.metall.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2023-12-24. Retrieved 2023-12-24.

[1] Dinér, Peter (February 2016). "Yttrium from Ytterby". Nature Chemistry. 8 (2): 192. Bibcode:2016NatCh...8..192D. doi:10.1038/nchem.2442. ISSN 1755-4349. PMID 26791904.

[2] "Tiny particles produce huge photon avalanches". Physics World. 2021-01-21. Archived from the original on 2022-01-19. Retrieved 2021-06-11.

[3] SCHENK, P.W.; BRAUER, G. (1963), "Preparative Methods", Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, Elsevier, pp. 3–107, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9, ISBN 978-0-12-395590-6, archived from the original on 2024-03-05, retrieved 2023-12-24

[4] "General Reserch Institute Nonferrous Metals". 2007-09-28. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2023-12-24.

[5] Cheetham, A. K.; Norman, N.; Hope, Håkon; Kjekshus, Arne; Klewe, Bernt; Powell, D. L. (1974). "The Structures of Yttrium and Bismuth Trifluorides by Neutron Diffraction". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 28a: 55–60. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.28a-0055. ISSN 0904-213X.

[6] "Waimirite-(Y): Mineral information, data and localities". Archived from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 2017-03-10.

[7] "Yttrium Fluoride, YF3 - For Optical Coating" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-05. Retrieved 2023-12-24.

[8] "Yttrium Fluoride 99%-99.999% from Metall Rare Earth Limited". www.metall.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2023-12-24. Retrieved 2023-12-24.

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