User:Diren Yardimli/Grand National Assembly of Turkey Building
| Diren Yardimli/Grand National Assembly of Turkey Building | |
|---|---|
.svg) | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Neoclassical[1] |
| Location | Bakanlıklar, Ankara, Türkiye |
| Completed | 1960 |
| Opening | January 6th, 1961 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Clemens Holzmeister |
The Third Parliament Building is the parliament building used by the Turkish Grand National Assembly today.
It is the work of Austrian architect Clemens Holzmeister and was designed as a symbol of Turkey's ideals. After Holzmeister's return to his country in 1948, the construction was completed by his assistant Ziya Payzın in 1960 and started to be used in January 1961.[1]
The Grand National Assembly of Türkiye is located on 475.521 m2 plot of land and the settlement area of the main building is 19.372 m2.[2] With regard to the functional internal area in total is 56.775 square meters. The facade of the five-story building measures 248 m2. The Parliamentary building has characteristics and a general structure that symbolize the power and eternity of the Turkish Republic and is designed with the qualities reflecting gravity, solidity and strength. Monumental, balanced and three-dimensional setting is used in all spaces.
History
[edit]With the law enacted on January 11, 1937, the Turkish Grand National Assembly decided to organize a competition for the construction of a new parliament building that "has a monumental value and is suitable for the continuity of the Republic of Turkey and the architectural characteristics of the twentieth century".[3] 14 projects participated in the contest held in 1938; The jury awarded three projects to the first prize. It was decided to carry out the project of Clemens Holzmeister, which was also appreciated by Atatürk.
The construction was started on October 26, 1939, by the then-Speaker Abdulhalik Renda. Because of financial problems and the II. World War, the construction was paused and subsequently re-started in 1957 and the building was completed and officially opened on January 6, 1961.[4]
Ziya Payzın, who was a student and assistant of Clemens Holzmeister continued the work on the building after Holzmeister returned to his country, as Holzmeister's representative. The Baghdad Pact Ministerial Council Meeting to be held in Ankara in December 1957 was a turning point for the slowly advancing Parliament building. The venue was prepared for the meeting and the meeting took place in the new parliament building. After this meeting, the construction of the Prime Ministry and Ministry of Foreign Affairs buildings was abandoned and the construction of the parliament building was accelerated.
The building (as the Constituent Assembly) came into full use on January 6, 1961. All blocks were allocated for council use. The Turkish Grand National Assembly has been working in this building since 1961. The previous parliament buildings were turned into museums.
The TBMM building, which was designed according to the bicameral system at the time it was opened, was reorganized in 1982 according to the single parliamentary system.[5]
The General Assembly Hall of the building was rearranged according to the project of İlhami Ural and Adnan Ural, who won first place in a competition opened in 1995.[6] With this new arrangement, the deputies were placed in subgroups of two instead of continuous rows, and the radial-circular amphitheater plan applied in European cities was applied.[7]
Architectural Features
[edit]The parliament building was designed in a dignified, solid, and durable manner, symbolizing the power of the Republic of Turkey. It is a five-story structure made of reinforced concrete carcasses. Beige travertine was used as covering material on the outside of the building, and thirty types of domestic marble, tile, bronze, and various types of wood were used inside.
The length of the front facade is 248 meters. There are wings extending to the sides in two rows parallel to each other on the front facade and bridges connecting these wings. The Entrance of Honor, which has a monumental quality is in the middle area on the front facade of the Main Building.
In the building, apart from the General Assembly Hall, there are three large meeting halls for 176, 415 and 700 people reserved for political party groups, as well as 44 halls and 352 small and large rooms. In one of the two wing sections, there is the Office of the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, its offices and the chambers of the members of the Presidency Council, and in the other end, there is the Grand National Assembly of Turkey Ceremonial Hall, which consists of three large halls nested within each other.
The building also houses the administrative offices reserved for political parties, the meeting rooms of the commissions, the Assembly Library, the computer center, the archive, the press and shoeshine halls, the PTT, airlines and railways ticket offices, the General Secretariat and its affiliated service units.
External links
[edit]- ^ "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Binası". Goethe-Institut Ankara. 2010. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
- ^ "Meclis Binaları". v3.arkitera.com. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ Merkezi, Arkitera Mimarlık. "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (TBMM)". Arkitera.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ "GRAND NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF TÜRKİYE". global.tbmm.gov.tr. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ "TBMM Binalari" (PDF).
- ^ "Mimarar Odasi Arkitekt Veritabani" (PDF).
- ^ Güzer, Abdi. ""Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Yarışması Üzerine Notlar 2" (PDF)". Mimarlık Dergisi. 264, Year 1995 (33/4).