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Type set

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A type set is a coin collection based on coin design or type. Traditional collections consist of all dates within a series such as state quarters or Lincoln cent.

Type sets are more popular for practicality and therefore are more common among younger or less wealthy coin collectors. Date sets are more common with more experienced and wealthy collectors, who focus on getting every year and minting a series of coins.

Description and varieties

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A Type Set may contain the designs of only one denomination. For example, the dime has had 12 - 14 distinct designs. The definition of what constitutes a design is subjective but collectors generally follow those listed in the authoritative Red Book (A Guide Book of United States Coins), which says: "A series of coins defined by a shared distinguishing design, composition, denomination, and other elements. For example, Barber dimes or Franklin half dollars.". Professional numismatic associations such as PCGS (Professional Coin Grading Service) and NGC (Numismatic Guaranty Corporation) list around 140 entries in a complete set that includes copper, nickel, silver and gold.

A complete Type Set consists of every design of every denomination authorized by Congress that was struck for public usage. This excludes such items as pattern coins or coins struck for particular occasions. It includes denominations that are no longer in existence - half cent, the two-cent piece, the three-cent piece, the twenty-cent piece and all gold coins. Designs were changed for a variety of reasons - historical, political, cultural, and as a reaction to public opinion. The Standing Liberty Quarter first minted in 1916 was immediately redesigned when it was noted that Liberty's breast was visible. This change created a separate design. The Indian Head nickel (Buffalo) appeared in 1913 but the FIVE CENTS began wearing away. The coin was immediately changed to lower the buffalo mound. In 1837, the dime was minted without stars drawing outrage and the offending stars were immediately returned. The denomination "FIVE CENTS" was initially omitted on the V Nickel (the reverse carried a large V). Before the words could be added, enterprising tricksters gold-plated the coin and declared it a $5.00 gold piece. The Indian head cent has 3 varieties: (1) No shield (1859), (2) Copper and nickel (1860–1863) and (3) Bronze (1864–1909). A list of all members of a Type Set are listed below.

A complete type set of paper currency within a given scope of collecting[nb 1] includes a representative sample of each major design and change, but excludes lesser variations (e.g., signature combinations, Treasury seal, overprints, etc.).

Collectors build variations of the ultimate set. For example, many do not include gold due to the prohibitive cost; other now omit designs before the year 1800. These are the most expensive due to several factors: Poor quality of material, primitive machinery and working conditions, minuscule production numbers and general wear and loss after 200 years. Most designs cover decades but some were minted for only one or two years making these the rarest of the entire set. It is not a coincidence that many of these were also struck prior to 1800 when the Mint altered designs in response to unfavorable public opinion. The most famous of these short-lived designs are the half cent (1793), a quarter (1796), Draped Bust, Small Eagle half dollar (1796–1797) and the three large cent designs minted in 1793 - Wreath cent, Chain cent and Liberty Cap Cent. The Haig Koshkarian Type Set [1], one of the finest ever assembled, was auctioned in 2004.

Examples - copper, nickel, silver, gold

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Complete Type Sets   - Silver / Copper / Bronze / Steel / Clad coins

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Half Cent
Liberty Cap -

Head Facing Left

Liberty Cap -

Head Facing Right

Draped Bust Classic Head Braided Hair
1793 1794–1797 1800–1808 1809–1836 1840–1857
Large Cent
Flowing Hair -

Chain Reverse

Flowing Hair -

Wreath Reverse

Liberty Cap Draped Bust Classic Head Liberty Head -

Matron Head

Liberty Head -

Matron Head Modified

Braided Hair
1793 1793 1793–1796 1796–1807 1808–1814 1816–1835 1835 - 1839 1839 - 1857
Small Cent
Flying Eagle Indian Head -

Laurel Wreath

Indian Head -

Oak Wreath / Shield

Copper/Nickel

Indian Head -

Oak Wreath / Shield

Bronze

Lincoln - Wheat

Bronze

Lincoln - Wheat

Steel

Lincoln - Memorial

Copper Alloy

Lincoln - Memorial

Copper-Plated Zinc

Lincoln -

Bicentennial Series

(4 Designs)

Lincoln - Shield
1856 -1858 1859 1860 - 1864 1864 - 1909 1909 - 1942; 1944 - 1958 1943 1959 - 1982 1982 - 2008 2009 2010 - Date
Two Cents
1864 - 1873
Three Cents
Silver Type 1 Silver Type 2 Silver Type 3 Nickel
1851–1853 1854–1858 1859–1873 1865–1889
Nickel
Shield - Rays Shield - No Rays Liberty Head - Type 1

Without "CENTS"

Liberty Head - Type 2

With "CENTS"

Buffalo - Type 1

Raised Ground

Buffalo - Type 2

Recessed Ground

Jefferson -

Without Initials

Jefferson -

Wartime Silver Alloy

Jefferson -

With Initials

Jefferson -

Westward Journey

(4 Designs)

Jefferson -

Forward Facing

1866–1867 1867–1883 1883 1883–1913 1913 1913–1938 1938 - 1942; 1946 - 1965 1942–1945 1966 - 2003 2004 - 2005 2006 - DATE
Half Dime
Flowing Hair Draped Bust -

Small Eagle

Draped Bust -

Heraldic Eagle

Capped Bust Seated Liberty -

No Stars

Seated Liberty -

Stars

Seated Liberty -

Arrows at Date

Seated Liberty -

Legend On Obverse

1794–1795 1796–1797 1800–1805 1829–1837 1837 - 1838 1838 - 1853; 1856 - 1859 1853 - 1855 1860 - 1873
Dime
Draped Bust -

Small Eagle

Draped Bust -

Heraldic Eagle

Capped Bust -

Wide Border

Capped Bust -

Modified Design

Seated Liberty -

No Stars

Seated Liberty -

Stars / No Drapery

Seated Liberty -

Stars / Drapery

Seated Liberty -

Arrows At Date

Seated Liberty -

Legend On Obverse

Seated Liberty -

Arrows At Date #2

1796–1797 1798–1807 1808–1828 1828–1837 1837 - 1838 1838 - 1840 1840 - 1853; 1856 - 1860 1853 - 1855 1860 - 1873; 1875 - 1891 1873 - 1874
Barber Mercury Roosevelt -

Silver

Roosevelt -

Copper-Nickel Clad

1892–1916 1916–1945 1946 - 1964 1965 - DATE
Twenty Cents
1875–1878
Quarter
Draped Bust -

Small Eagle

Draped Bust -

Heraldic Eagle

Capped Bust -

Large Diameter

Capped Bust -

Reduced Diameter

Seated Liberty - Type 1:

No Motto - No Drapery

Seated Liberty - Type 1:

No Motto w/Drapery

Seated Liberty - Type 2:

Arrows / Rays

Seated Liberty - Type 3:

Arrows / No Rays

Seated Liberty - Type 4:

Motto

1796 1804–1807 1815–1828 1831–1838 1838 - 1840; 1856 - 1866 1840 - 1853 1853 1854–1855 1866 - 1873; 1875 - 1891
Seated Liberty - Type 5: Arrows Barber Standing Liberty - Type 1

No Stars

Standing Liberty - Type 2

Stars / Pedestal Date

Standing Liberty - Type 2

Stars / Recessed Date

Washington -

Silver

Washington -

Copper/Nickel Clad

Washington -

Bicentennial

Washington -

States

(50 Designs)

1873–1874 1892–1916 1916–1917 1917–1924 1925 - 1930 1932 - 1964 1965 - 1974; 1977 - 1998 1976 1999 - 2008
Washington -

Territories

(6 Designs)

Washington -

America The Beautiful

(56 Designs)

Washington -

Crossing The Delaware

Washington -

American Women

(20 Designs)

2009 2010 - 2021 2021 2022 - 2025
Half Dollar
Flowing Hair Draped Bust -

Small Eagle

Draped Bust -

Heraldic Eagle

Capped Bust -

Lettered Edge

First Style

Capped Bust -

Lettered Edge

Remodeled Portrait & Eagle

Capped Bust -

Reeded Edge

"50 Cents" On Reverse

Capped Bust -

Reeded Edge "Half Dol" On Reverse

1794–1795 1796–1797 1801–1807 1807 - 1808 1809 - 1836 1836–1837 1838–1839
Seated Liberty - Type 1:

No Motto

Seated Liberty - Type 2:

Arrows / Rays

Seated Liberty - Type 3:

Arrows / No Rays

Seated Liberty - Type 4:

Motto

Seated Liberty - Type 5:

Motto / Arrows

1839 - 1853; 1856 - 1866 1853 1854–1855 1866–1873; 1875 - 1891 1873–1874
Barber Walking Liberty Franklin Kennedy

Silver - 90%

Kennedy

Silver Clad - 40%

Kennedy

Copper/Nickel Clad

Kennedy -

Bicentennial

1892–1915 1916–1947 1948–1963 1964 1965 - 1970 1971 - 1974; 1977 - DATE 1976
Dollar
Flowing Hair Draped Bust -

Small Eagle

Draped Bust -

Heraldic Eagle

Gobrecht Seated -

No Motto

Seated -

With Motto

Trade Dollar Morgan
1794–1795 1795–1798 1798–1804 1836 - 1839 1840–1865 1866–1873 1873–1885 1878–1921
Peace Eisenhower Eisenhower -

Bicentennial

Susan B. Anthony Sacagawea /

Native American

Presidential American Innovation
1921–1935 1971 - 1974; 1977 - 1978 1976 1979 - 1981; 1999 2000 - 2008 / 2009 - Date 2007 - 2016; 2020 2018 - DATE

Complete Type Sets   - Gold coins

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Dollar (Gold)
Liberty Head -

Open Wreath

Liberty Head -

Closed Wreath

Indian Princess - Small Indian Princess - Large
1849 1849 - 1854 1854 - 1856 1856 - 1889
Quarter Eagle ($2.50 - Gold)
Capped Bust - Facing Right

No Stars

Capped Bust - Facing Right

With Stars

Cappted Bust - Facing Left Capped Head - Facing Left

Large Diameter

Capped Head - Facing Left

Reduced Diameter

Classic Head Liberty Head Indian Head
1796 1796–1807 1808 1821–1827 1829–1834 1834–1839 1840–1907 1908–1929
Indian Princess Head ($3.00 - Gold)
1854–1889
Stella ($4.00 - Gold)
1879–1880
Half Eagle ($5.00 - Gold)
Capped Bust - Facing Right

Small Eagle

Capped Bust - Facing Right

Heraldic Eagle

Draped Bust - Facing Left Capped Head - Facing Left

Large Diameter

Capped Head - Facing Left

Reduced Diameter

Classic Head Liberty Head -

No Motto

Liberty Head -

With Motto

Indian Head
1795–1798 1795–1807 1807 - 1809 1813 - 1829 1829 - 1834 1834–1838 1839–1866 1866–1908 1908–1929
Eagle ($10.00 - Gold)
Capped Bust -

Small Eagle

Capped Bust -

Heraldic Eagle

Liberty Head -

No Motto

Liberty Head -

With Motto

Indian Head -

No Motto

Indian Head -

With Motto

1795–1797 1797–1804 1838–1866 1866–1907 1907–1908 1908–1933
Double Eagle ($20.00 - Gold)
Liberty Head -

No Motto

Liberty Head -

With Motto / "Twenty D."

Liberty Head -

With Motto / "TWENTY DOLLARS"

St. Gaudens -

No Motto

Roman Numerals

St. Gaudens -

No Motto

Arabic Numerals

St. Gaudens -

With Motto

1849–1866 1866–1876 1877–1907 1907 - 1908 1907–1908 1908–1933


Footnotes

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  1. ^ Using United States paper currency as an example, different scopes or categories within which a complete type set may exist could include (but is not limited to) Fractional currency, Confederate currency, Colonial and Continental currency