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Timeline of English football

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1840s1850s1860s1870s1880s1890s1900s1910s1920s1930s1940s1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s

2020s

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2024 - 2023 - 2022 - 2021 - 2020

2024

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2023

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  • Erik ten Hag wins his first major honour in his first season at Manchester United, as the club won a trophy after a seven-year drought, beating Newcastle United 2-0 in the League Cup final.
  • Manchester City win their third league title in a row, becoming the 5th club to achieve this feat. They also win the UEFA Champions League and the FA Cup, matching Manchester United's treble achievement 24 years prior.
  • Seven years after winning the league and two years after finally winning the FA Cup, Leicester City are relegated after nine years in the top flight.

2022

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2021

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  • Chelsea win the UEFA Champions League, beating Manchester City 1-0 in the final in Porto.
  • Leicester City win the FA Cup for the first time in their history.
  • In a season played behind closed doors, Manchester City win the League Cup for the fourth consecutive season and eighth in total, and their fifth Premier League title, seventh in the top flight overall.
  • Jack Grealish becomes the most expensive English footballer of all time after a transfer to Premier League champions Manchester City for 100 million pounds.

2020

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  • All football action stops in March, due to lockdown rules in the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. It resumes on 17 July, behind closed doors.
  • Liverpool win the Premier League for the first time, which marks their first national league title since 1990.
  • Arsenal win the FA Cup, extending their record amount to 14.
  • Bury F.C. enter administration and are expelled from the Football League.

2010s

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2019 – 201820172016201520142013201220112010

2019

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2018

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  • Manchester City win the Premier League title and become the Centurions, the first club to win the top flight title with 100 points. During the season they break multiple all-time Premier League and Top Division records.
  • In League One, the two offshoot clubs of Wimbledon, AFC Wimbledon and Milton Keynes Dons, end the 2017–18 season with different fates, with AFC Wimbledon surviving and MK Dons relegated to League Two. This means that the 2018–19 season will be the first in which AFCW will play in a higher division than MK Dons.
  • Chelsea win the FA Cup, beating Manchester United 1-0.

2017

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2016

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  • The Football League renames itself as the English Football League, with all of the leagues and cup competitions it organises including "EFL" in their titles.
  • Manchester United equal Arsenal's record 12 FA Cups.
  • Leicester City win the top tier title of English football for the first time in history, with one British sports book having offered preseason odds of 5000/1 against their winning the title, just 8 years after their relegation to the 3rd tier.
  • Leicester City's Jamie Vardy became the first player to score in 11 consecutive appearances in Premier League history.
  • Defending champions Chelsea sack manager José Mourinho in December while in 16th place and eventually fail to qualify for European football, for the first time in two decades, finishing 10th, the lowest position for a Premier League holder. This record only stood for one year, as Leicester City finished 12th the following season. Eden Hazard, the previous season's PFA Players' Player of the Year, did not score a league goal until late April.
  • Manchester United sack manager Louis van Gaal despite winning the FA Cup, after a poor league season which sees the club miss out on next season's Champions League. Former Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho is appointed in his place.

2015

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2014

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  • 19 May: Louis van Gaal is confirmed as manager of Manchester United. Former interim manager Ryan Giggs is named as his assistant, and confirms his retirement as a player at the age of 40 after nearly a quarter of a century during which he played 963 games and won an English record of 22 major trophies.[2]
  • Arsenal win the FA Cup, their first major trophy in 9 years.
  • Manchester City win their 4th top flight title.

2013

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2012

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2011

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2010

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2000s

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2009 – 200820072006200520042003200220012000

2009

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2008

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  • Portsmouth beat Cardiff City 1–0 in the FA Cup final, winning the competition for the first time in 49 years, the longest gap between two FA Cup wins for the same club.
  • In early September, both Kevin Keegan and Alan Curbishley walk out of their Premier League management jobs, citing boardroom interference in transfers. In the same week, Dimitar Berbatov completes a move to Manchester United against the wishes of the Tottenham Hotspur board. Manchester City were purchased by the Abu Dhabi United Group and on the same day broke the transfer record by purchasing Robinho of Brazil for £32million – slightly exceeding the £30.75million that their city rivals paid for Berbatov.
  • Three clubs start the Football League Two season with points deductions. Both Rotherham United and AFC Bournemouth started the season on -17 points after exiting administration without using a Company Voluntary Agreement. Luton Town started on -30 points after a 20-point deduction due to exiting administration without using a CVA and a 10-point deduction due to illegal agent payments during transfers. This 30-point deduction doubled the previous record for points deduction imposed on a club set in 2007.
  • Manchester United win the Premier League for the 10th time and overall 17th English League championship. It is also the tenth title for manager Sir Alex Ferguson (now the longest serving manager in English football with 22 years of unbroken service at the club) and Ryan Giggs, the only player to have collected title medals with all 10 of their championship winning sides since 1993.
  • Tottenham Hotspur beat Chelsea 2–1 after extra time in the first final of the Football League Cup to be held at the new Wembley Stadium
  • Fabio Capello succeeds Steve McClaren as head coach of the England national football team.
  • Derby became the first Premier League side to be relegated in March.
  • The 2008 UEFA Champions League final is the first all-English club final in European Cup history, and after 120 minutes, Manchester United beat Chelsea on penalties after a 1–1 draw in Moscow, Russia.
  • Leicester City are relegated to the third tier of English football for the first time in their 124-year history.
  • Aldershot Town win promotion to the Football League as Conference National champions, 16 years after the previous incarnation went out of business.
  • Hull City A.F.C. reach the top flight for the first time in their history beating Bristol City F.C. 1–0 at Wembley Stadium in the play-off final.

2007

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  • Luton Town F.C. enter administration on 22 November, thus incurring a 10-point deduction for the 2007–08 season.[3]
  • Steve McClaren is fired from the job as England manager after failing to qualify for the 2008 Euros – the first time in 24 years that England have failed to qualify for the European Championships.
  • Manchester United win the Premiership for the ninth time under Sir Alex Ferguson.
  • Chelsea win a cup double winning the FA Cup in the first final back at the recently completed Wembley Stadium. The match finished 1–0 with Didier Drogba scoring the only goal in the last minute of extra-time. Ryan Giggs set a new record for the player to appear in the most finals. However, he could not beat Mark Hughes' record for the most finals won by one player. The victory by Chelsea stopped Manchester United from winning the Double.
  • Leeds United entered administration on 4 May after a number of years struggling with the debt incurred by previous boards, thus incurring a 10-point deduction for the 2006–07 season, resulting in them being relegated to the third tier for the first time, but this was not the last of them. Two months later, on 4 August, the club was sold without a C.V.A. after entering administration, required by league rules.[4] In consequence, Leeds were hit with the biggest point deduction yet in English professional football history (until Luton's 30 point penalty a year later), starting the 2007–08 League One season on -15.
  • Boston United enter administration in the final minutes of the league season to take a 10-point deduction in the 2006–07 season. They are relegated two divisions to the Conference North.
  • Chelsea become League Cup champions after beating Arsenal 2–1 at the Millennium Stadium. This was also the last major English Cup Final to be played at the Millennium Stadium before the move back to Wembley Stadium after its completion.
  • The Arsenal women become the first (and to date only) English club to win the competition now known as the UEFA Women's Champions League, winning the UEFA Women's Cup Final against Swedish side Umeå 1–0 on aggregate.
  • American tycoons George N. Gillett Jr. and Tom Hicks pay £174.1m to take over Liverpool.
  • Alan Ball Jr., member of England's World Cup winning team of 1966, dies of a heart attack aged 61.

2006

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2005

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2004

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2003

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2002

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2001

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  • Manchester United become only the fourth English club to win three successive league championships, following Huddersfield Town in the 1920s, Arsenal in the 1930s, and Liverpool in the 1980s.
  • Liverpool complete a unique treble of the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup.
  • David Rocastle, who won a League Cup and two league championships with Arsenal as well as never being on the losing side in his 14 England appearances, dies of cancer aged 33.
  • Paul Vaessen who famously scored the winning goal for Arsenal against Juventus at the Stadio Comunale, in the second leg of a Cup Winners' Cup semi-final on 23 April 1980, (the first time an English club had beaten Juventus in Turin), dies of a drug overdose at the age of 39, He had led a troubled life since injury resulted in his premature retirement from football in 1983 aged just 21. He was known as "a forgotten hero" as his death gained no media coverage at all, announcements of Paul's death in his local free newspaper omitted the fact that he had formerly been a footballer and merely labeled him a "local addict".
  • Coventry City suffer relegation from the Premiership after 34 successive seasons of top-flight football.
  • Fulham are promoted to the Premiership, becoming the first club since the Premier League's formation to have made their way from Division Three (now League Two) to the top flight.
  • Stan Cullis, legendary former player and manager of Wolverhampton Wanderers, dies aged 85.
  • Bertie Mee, managed of Arsenal's 1971 double-winning team, dies aged 82.
  • Les Sealey, who kept goal for Manchester United in their FA Cup triumph of 1990 and the European Cup Winners' Cup triumph of 1991, dies of a heart attack aged 43.
  • Oxford United leave the Manor Ground after 76 years and relocate to the new 12,500-seat Kassam Stadium (named after chairman Firoz Kassam) at Blackbird Leys, while Southampton end 103 years at The Dell and move into their new 32,000-seat St Mary's Stadium – which holds more than twice as many spectators as their old ground.
  • Manchester United break the national transfer fee record twice – first by paying PSV Eindhoven £19million for Dutch striker Ruud van Nistelrooy, and then by paying Lazio of Italy £28.1million for Argentine midfielder Juan Sebastián Verón.

2000

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1990s

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1999199819971996199519941993199219911990

1999

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1998

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1997

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1996

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1995

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1994

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1993

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1992

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1991

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1990

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  • Liverpool win their eighteenth top-flight title.
  • England reach the semi-finals of the World Cup before losing to eventual winners Germany on penalties after a 1–1 draw. Manager Bobby Robson resigns after the competition to take charge of Dutch side PSV Eindhoven and is succeeded by Aston Villa manager Graham Taylor, who in turn is replaced by Czech coach Jozef Venglos – the first manager in the top flight of English football from outside of the British Isles.
  • English clubs are readmitted to European competition after a five-year ban arising from the Heysel Stadium disaster. First Division runners-up, Aston Villa, qualify for the UEFA Cup whilst FA Cup winners, Manchester United, qualify for the Cup Winners' Cup. Champions Liverpool are unable to compete in the European Cup because they have to serve an extra year of the ban.
  • Leeds United won the Second Division championship to end their eight-year exile from the First Division.
  • York City striker David Longhurst collapses and dies in his side's Fourth Division home fixture against Lincoln City at Bootham Crescent.
  • AFC Bournemouth director Brian Tiler, a former Aston Villa player, is killed in a car crash. Manager Harry Redknapp is also involved in the crash but survived.
  • Play-off finals become one-legged matches played at Wembley. In the Second Division, Swindon Town beat Sunderland 1–0 but stay in the Second Division after being found guilty of financial irregularities, with Sunderland being promoted in their place.
  • Manchester United win their first major trophy under the management of Alex Ferguson, beating Crystal Palace 1–0 in the FA Cup final replay after drawing the first match 3–3.
  • Peter Shilton retires from international football at the age of 40, kept goal a record 125 caps for the country.
  • Manchester United and Arsenal were respectively deducted 1 and 2 points, for a 21-man brawl involving their players on the pitch. The first and, so far, the only instances in English league history where a team were docked points for player misconduct.

1980s

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1989198819871986198519841983198219811980

1989

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1988

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  • Liverpool wrap up their seventeenth league title after losing just two league games in a 40-game season.
  • Wimbledon beat Liverpool 1–0 to win the FA Cup in one of the most dramatic finals seen at Wembley. The triumph came at the end of Wimbledon's 11th season as a Football League club and only their second as First Division members.
  • Luton Town win the first major trophy of their history by beating Arsenal 3–2 in the League Cup final.
  • Jackie Milburn, former Newcastle United striker, dies of cancer at the age of 64.
  • Lincoln City, the first club to suffer automatic relegation from the Football League, regain their league status at the first time of asking by clinching the Football Conference title.
  • Paul Gascoigne, 21-year-old Newcastle United midfielder, becomes England's first £2 million footballer when he signs for Tottenham Hotspur.
  • Shortly after Gascoigne's transfer, the national transfer fee record is broken again when Everton pay £2.2million for West Ham United striker Tony Cottee.
  • Ian Rush returns to Liverpool after an unsuccessful season at Juventus in Italy for £2.8million – the third time in the space of a few weeks that the record fee paid by an English club is broken.
  • Billy Bonds, the oldest outfield player in the Football League at 41, retires from playing with West Ham United.
  • Mark Hughes returns to Manchester United after two years away for a fee of £1.8million.
  • Portsmouth are relegated to the Second Division a year after promotion.

1987

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1986

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1985

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  • Everton win their 8th league title with 5 league games to spare, they then take their foot off the gas to lose 3 of their last 5 but still set a club record points total.
  • 56 spectators are burnt to death and more than 200 are injured in a fire at Bradford City's Valley Parade stadium on 11 May.
  • 39 spectators, most of them Italian, are trampled to death in rioting on the terraces of the Heysel Stadium at the European Cup final between Liverpool and Juventus.[6] Despite the carnage, the match is played and Juventus win 1–0. The sequel of the tragedy was a 5-year ban on English clubs from European competition, with a 6-year ban on Liverpool.
  • Everton establish themselves as one of the strongest club sides in Europe after winning the league championship with four matches to spare and adding the Cup Winners' Cup to their trophy cabinet.
  • Anton Johnson is banned from football for life after it is revealed that he had illegally taken control of two football clubs (Southend United and Rotherham United) at the same time and had also mishandled the finances of both clubs.
  • Preston North End and Burnley are both relegated to the Fourth Division for the first time.
  • 16 years old Matthew Le Tissier finishes a trial at Oxford United and signs for Southampton.
  • Oxford United promoted to the top flight, after claiming the Second Division championship, a year after they won the Third Division championship in 1984, the only club to have won two consecutive championships on the way to the Top Flight.
  • A 14-year-old boy is crushed to death by a collapsed wall when Leeds United fans riot on the last game of the Second Division season at Birmingham City, but media coverage and public attention of the tragedy is overshadowed as it occurred on the same afternoon as the Bradford City fire.
  • Harry Catterick, who managed Everton to league title glory in 1963 and 1970 as well as an FA Cup triumph in 1966, dies from a heart attack while watching their FA Cup quarter-final win over Ipswich Town at Goodison Park.

1984

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1983

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1982

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1981

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1980

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1970s

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1979197819771976197519741973197219711970

1979

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1978

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1977

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1976

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1975

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  • Derby County, in Dave Mackay's first full season as manager, win their second league title in four years to add to the 1972 championship which had been won by Mackay's predecessor, Brian Clough.
  • John Lyall ends his first season as West Ham manager with an FA Cup triumph at the expense of Fulham, whose side included former West Ham captain Bobby Moore.
  • Carlisle United, who had topped the 1974–75 First Division after three games, are relegated after failing to put together a consistent run of good form in their first season as a top division club.
  • Manchester United are promoted back to the First Division one season after losing their top-flight status.
  • Aston Villa re-establish themselves a top English side by winning the League Cup and gaining promotion to the First Division in the same season.

1974

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1973

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  • An Ian Porterfield goal gives Second Division Sunderland a shock win over Leeds United in the FA Cup final.
  • Leeds United also blow their title chances and Liverpool are crowned league champions instead.
  • Bobby Charlton and Denis Law both leave Manchester United after long and illustrious careers.
  • The Football League announces that three clubs, instead of two, are to be relegated from the First and Second Divisions from the end of the 1973–74 season onwards, with three clubs being promoted to the Second and Third Divisions. The four-up, four-down system between the Third and Fourth Divisions would continue.
  • Hereford United end their first season as a Football League club by winning promotion from the Fourth Division.

1972

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1971

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1970

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1960s

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1969196819671966196519641963196219611960

1969

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1968

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1967

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1966

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1965

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1964

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1963

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1962

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1961

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1960

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1950s

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1959195819571956195519541953

1959

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1958

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1957

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1956

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1955

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1954

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1953

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1952

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1951

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  • Tottenham Hotspur win the First Division for the first time in their history, only a season after their promotion.

1950

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1940s

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1949

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  • Portsmouth win their first league title, 10 years after winning the FA Cup.

1948

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1947

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  • After a close three-horse title race, Liverpool win the first post-war league championship.
  • Charlton Athletic win the FA Cup, their first and only major trophy to date.

1946

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  • Football League North (Wartime – Joint Division One League with Football League South)
  • Champions: Sheffield United
  • Derby County become the first team to win the FA Cup after losing a game when two-legged games are introduced for one season only.
  • League football resumes following the end of the Second World War.
  • The Football Association end their boycott of FIFA, paving the way for England to play in World Cup matches.

1930s

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1939

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  • The Football League is abandoned three games into the new season after the outbreak of the Second World War
  • Portsmouth beat Wolverhampton Wanderers 4–1 in the FA Cup final.

1938

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  • Manchester City become the first and only defending Champions to be relegated.

1937

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  • Manchester City win their first-ever league title.
  • Sunderland win the FA Cup for the first time.

1936

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  • Sunderland A.F.C. win their 6th league championship.
  • Founding Football League members, Aston Villa and Blackburn Rovers are relegated to the second division.

1935

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  • Arsenal win their third successive league title.

1934

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1932

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1931

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1930

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  • Sheffield Wednesday defend their league championship, winning their fourth league title.
  • Arsenal win their first ever major trophy, the FA Cup.
  • Everton are relegated for the first time, just two years after being crowned top flight league champions.

1920s

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1929

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1928

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  • Arsenal and Chelsea are the first clubs to play with shirt numbers on 25 August.
  • Dixie Dean becomes the first and only player to score 60 goals in one season in English football, helping Everton to win the top flight title.
  • Blackburn Rovers equal Aston Villa's record of six FA Cup wins.

1927

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  • Newcastle United win their fourth and last top-flight title to date.
  • FA Cup: Cardiff City 1 Arsenal 0
  • The FA Cup is won by a team outside England for the first time prompting it to become known as the FA Cup rather than the English Cup as previously.

1926

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  • Huddersfield Town become the first team to be the Football League champions three seasons in succession.

1925

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  • FA Cup: Sheffield United 1–0 Cardiff City
  • Sheffield United F.C win the FA Cup, their last major trophy to this day. Runners-Up Cardiff City
  • The offside rule is changed: a player is now onside if a minimum of two (instead of three) opposing players are between him and the goal line.

1924

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  • Huddersfield Town win the league for the first time.
  • FA Cup: Corinthian 1-0 Blackburn Rovers
  • A major shock in the first round as five times Cup winners, and First Division staple, Blackburn Rovers, are unexpectedly beaten by the amateurs of Corinthian F.C. at the Crystal Palace.
  • Newcastle United beat Aston Villa to win the FA Cup in what became known as the "Rainy Day Final" due to the weather and pitch conditions.

1923

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  • Liverpool win a second consecutive league championship, a fourth in total.
  • Bolton Wanderers defeat West Ham United 2–0 in the first FA Cup final to be held at Wembley. The match kicked off 44 minutes late due to overcrowding – there was an estimated 200,000 fans in attendance, and it was not until a police constable on a white police horse helped clear the pitch that the match took place. As a result, the match is now known as the White Horse Final.
  • Aston Villa centre-half Tommy Ball is shot dead by his neighbour in November thus becoming the only Football League player to have been murdered.[10]

1921

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1920

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1910s

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1919

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  • Leeds City are expelled and dissolved by the football league after financial irregularities including the payment of players during the First World War. In its place, a new club is formed, Leeds United.

1915

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  • Everton win the final league title before league football is suspended because of the First World War.
  • FA Cup Final: Sheffield United 3–0 Chelsea
  • Sheffield United F.C win the FA Cup.

1914

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  • Blackburn Rovers win their second league title and their second in three seasons.

1913

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1912

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1911

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1910

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1900s

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1909

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  • The Charity Shield is inaugurated.
  • Manchester United win their first-ever FA Cup title.

1908

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1907

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1906

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1905

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1904

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1903

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1902

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  • Norwich City FC formed as an amateur club
  • Sunderland A.F.C. win their 4th league championship
  • J.H. Davies takes over near bankrupt Newton Heath (L&YR) F.C. and changes its name to Manchester United.
  • Sheffield United win the FA Cup. Runners Up: Southampton
  • Sheffield United 1–1 Southampton – (R) Sheffield United 2–1 Southampton

1901

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1900

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  • Aston Villa win the league championship, their fifth title in seven years.
  • Sheffield United F.C Finish 2nd.
  • Sunderland Finish 3rd.
  • Leading Goalscorer Billy Garraty (Aston Villa) 27
  • Brighton & Hove Albion are founded.

1890s

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1899

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  • Aston Villa win the last championship of the 1800s, defeating runners-up Liverpool F.C. 5–0 in the last match to secure the title.
  • Sheffield United F.C Win the FA Cup. Runners Up Derby County.
  • Scunthorpe United F.C. are formed.

1898

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  • Sheffield United F.C secure the league title for the first time and only time.
  • Sunderland Finish 2nd.
  • Wolverhampton Wanderers Finish 3rd.
  • Leading Goalscorer Fred Wheldon (Aston Villa) 21
  • Portsmouth F.C is formed.

1897

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  • Aston Villa capture their third league title and the FA Cup to win the second Double in English football.
  • Sheffield United Finish 2nd.
  • Derby County Finish 3rd.
  • Leading Goalscorer: Steve Bloomer (Derby County) 22

1896

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1895

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1894

[edit]
  • Aston Villa win their first league championship. Later that year though their former captain Archie Hunter dies aged just 35.
  • Formerly St Mark's West Gorton and Aldwick Association FC are renamed Manchester City.

1893

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1892

[edit]

1891

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  • Everton win their first league championship.
  • Luton Town become the south of England's first professional club in August – paying the entire team 2 shillings and sixpence plus expenses.
  • The penalty kick is introduced.
  • Assistant referees are first introduced as linesmen.

1890

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  • Luton Town player Frank Whitby becomes the first professional player in the south of England on 15 December, earning 5 shillings per week.

1880s

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1889

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1888

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1887

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1886

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1885

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1884

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1883

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1882

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1880

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  • St'Marks (West Gorton) are formed in Manchester.

1870s

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1879

[edit]

1878

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  • First floodlit football match played at Bramall Lane, Sheffield on 14 October 1878 in front of an attendance of 20,000.
  • Newton Heath LYR Football Club was formed by the Carriage and Wagon department of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway depot at Newton Heath (later known as Manchester United Football Club).
  • St Domingo's FC is formed, later changing its name in November 1879 – to Everton.

1876

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1875

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1874

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1873

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  • The Calthorpe football club is formed, as the first club in Birmingham playing solely to the Association laws.

1872

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1871

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1870

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1860s

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1867

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1865

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1863

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1862

[edit]
  • Notts County, the oldest professional football club in the world, is formed.

1850s

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1857

[edit]

1840s

[edit]

1849

[edit]
  • Official referees appear for the first time in a football match in Cheltenham, two on the pitch and one in tribune.

1848

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1846

[edit]
  • A time limit on length of play is first introduced and first described in Lancashire[13]

1845

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1842

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  • First use of referee. During a match in Rochdale, between the Bodyguards club and the Fearnaught club[13]

1820s

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1823

[edit]
  • First description of a pass comes from Suffolk.[14][15] In this Moor describes a team ball game with goals in which a player who can not advance further "throws the ball [he must in no case give it] to some less beleaguered friend more free and more in breath than himself". Although this description refers to throwing, Moor tells us that the game was at other times a football one: "Sometimes a large football was used; the game was then called 'kicking camp'."

1790s

[edit]

1796

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Man Utd stun Man City to win FA Cup". www.premierleague.com. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
  2. ^ "Man United's Giggs ends glittering career". BBC Football. 19 May 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  3. ^ "Luton suffer 10-point deduction". BBC Sport. 22 November 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2007.
  4. ^ "Leeds hit with 15-point penalty". BBC Sport. 4 August 2007. Retrieved 4 August 2007.
  5. ^ "Injury forces Shearer retirement". BBC News. 22 April 2006. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
  6. ^ a b On This Day – 29 May 1985 BBC Online – news.bbc.co.uk
  7. ^ Guardian Unlimited – "Excited Scotland fans"
  8. ^ BBC Scotland (RealVideo)
  9. ^ "History of Match of the Day". BBC News. 14 February 2003. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
  10. ^ Cowan, Mark (6 May 2010). "The star Villa player shot dead by neighbour". Birmingham Mail. Archived from the original on 8 May 2010. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  11. ^ Moffitt, Dominic (8 May 2021). "The team of 21: How Burnley won the league 100 years ago". LancsLive. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  12. ^ The Derby Mercury (Derby, England), Wednesday, 15 March 1871; Issue 8181.
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  14. ^ Edward Moor, Suffolk Words and Phrases: Or, An Attempt to Collect the Lingual Localisms, J. Loder, London
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