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Dharawal language

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Dharawal
Tharawal
RegionNew South Wales, Australia
EthnicityDharawal, Wodiwodi, Gweagal
Revival27 self-identified speakers (2016 census)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3tbh
tbh.html
Glottologthur1254
AIATSIS[2]S59
ELPDharawal
Dharawal is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

The Dharawal language, also spelt Tharawal and Thurawal, and also known as Wodiwodi and other variants, is an Australian Aboriginal language of New South Wales.

Traditional lands of Australian Aboriginal tribes around Sydney, New South Wales[3]

Phonology

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Consonants

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Labial Velar Alveolar Dental Palatal
Stop b ɡ d ɟ
Nasal m ŋ n ɲ
Lateral l
Rhotic r
Approximant w j

Vowels

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Vowels are phonemically /a i u/.[4]

Vocabulary

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Below is a basic vocabulary list from Blake (1981).[5]

English Dharawal
man yuwiny
woman miga
mother minga
father baba
head walaar
eye mabura
nose nugur
ear guri
mouth gami
tongue ḏalany
tooth yira
hand maramal
breast nguminyang
stomach biṉḏi
faeces guning
thigh ḏara
foot ḏana
blood ngawu
dog mirigang
snake gari
kangaroo buru
possum guruura
fish ḏany
spider maraara
crow wawarnang
sun wuri
moon dyadyung
stone garabang
water ngadyung
camp ngura
fire ganbi
smoke gaandi
food ḏangang
meat mandidyang
stand ḏar
see nand
go yand
get mand
hit, kill bulm
I ngayagang
you nyindigang
one miḏang
two bula

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2 )". stat.data.abs.gov.au. ABS. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2017. Archived 26 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ S59 Dharawal at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
  3. ^ This map is indicative only.
  4. ^ Eades, Diana K. (1976). The Dharawal and Dhurga Languages of the New South Wales South Coast.
  5. ^ Blake, Barry J. (1981). Australian Aboriginal languages: a general introduction. London: Angus & Robertson Publishers. ISBN 0-207-14044-8.
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