Schempp-Hirth Standard Cirrus
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2012) |
| Standard Cirrus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Type | Standard-class sailplane |
| National origin | Germany |
| Manufacturer | Schempp-Hirth |
| Designer | |
| Number built | ca. 838 |
| History | |
| First flight | 20 February 1969 |
The Standard Cirrus is a Standard-class glider built in Germany by Schempp-Hirth. The Standard Cirrus was produced between 1969 and 1985, when it was replaced by the Discus. Over 800 examples were built, making it one of the most successful early fibreglass glider designs.
Development
[edit]The Standard Cirrus was designed by Dipl. Ing. Klaus Holighaus and flew for the first time in February 1969. It is a Standard Class glider with a 15-metre span, and laminar-flow airfoil section designed by Professor Franz Wortmann. The all-moving tailplane, a feature of many designs of that period due to its theoretically higher efficiency, caused less than desirable high-speed stability characteristics, and so modifications were made to the early design. The aircraft built before 1972 have a washout of -0.75 degrees. The washout was then increased to -1.5 degrees which improved low-speed performance and response at slow speed.[1]
Improvements were made with the Standard Cirrus 75. These included better air-brakes with an increased frontal area and a safer tailplane attachment system. By April 1977, when production by Schempp-Hirth ended, a total of 700 Standard Cirruses had been built, including 200 built under licence by Grob between 1972 and July 1975. A French firm, Lanaverre Industrie, had also built 38 Standard Cirruses under licence by 1979. VTC of Yugoslavia also licence-built Standard Cirruses, reaching approximately 100 by 1985.
Variants
[edit]- Baby Cirrus
The Baby Cirrus is similar to a Standard Cirrus 75. The only thing different about them is the fact it had its wing on top of the fuselage mounted on a fiberglass beam of some sort. Only one was made. It was primarily used to try and improve the design of the Standard Cirrus. The original registration was D-3111. It was later converted to a Standard Cirrus 75 and was given a new registration. It is still flying to the day of this edit and is owned by a club in Germany.
- Cirrus B
The Cirrus B is based on the Standard Cirrus 75 but with interchangeable wingtips giving a span of either 15m or 16m.
- Cirrus K
The two Cirrus K have a reduced span (12.6m), larger ailerons, a cross tail with larger elevator, and a strengthened fuselage which make them suitable for aerobatics. This modification was initiated by Wilhelm Düerkop in the late 1980s.[2][3] Wolfgang Seitz took part in the 1995 World Glider Aerobatic Championships with a Cirrus K.[4]
- G/81
The last Cirrus model was the G/81 built by VTC until 1985. This incorporated a longer fuselage and canopy, and a conventional tailplane and elevator with the wings of the Cirrus 75.
Specifications
[edit]
Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1976–77 [5]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Capacity: 80 kg (180 lb) water ballast
- Length: 6.35 m (20 ft 10 in)
- Wingspan: 15 m (49 ft 3 in)
- Height: 1.32 m (4 ft 4 in)
- Wing area: 10 m2 (110 sq ft)
- Aspect ratio: 22.5
- Airfoil: root: Wortmann S-02-196 (19.6%); tip: Wortmann FX 66-17A II 182 (17%)[6]
- Empty weight: 215 kg (474 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 390 kg (860 lb) with water ballast
- 330 kg (730 lb) without water ballast
Performance
- Stall speed: 62 km/h (39 mph, 33 kn)
- Never exceed speed: 220 km/h (140 mph, 120 kn)
- Max aerotow speed: 150 km/h (93 mph; 81 kn)
- Max winch launch speed: 120 km/h (75 mph; 65 kn)
- g limits: 10
- Maximum glide ratio: 38.5:1 at 90 km/h (56 mph; 49 kn)
- Rate of sink: 0.6 m/s (120 ft/min) at 71 km/h (44 mph; 38 kn)
- Wing loading: 39 kg/m2 (8.0 lb/sq ft) with water ballast
- 33 kg/m2 (6.8 lb/sq ft) without water ballast
See also
[edit]Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References
[edit]
Citations
[edit]- ^ Standard Cirrus Wing Twist
- ^ Swiss Glider Aerobatics Association's Cirrus K website (in German)
- ^ List of planes and gliders of the "Toy Team" (in German) Archived 2011-10-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ FAI pilot profile of Wolfgang Seitz[permanent dead link]
- ^ Taylor, John W.R., ed. (1976). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1976–77 (67th ed.). London: Jane's Yearbooks. p. 566. ISBN 0-3540-0538-3.
- ^ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
Bibliography
[edit]- Schempp-Hirth Website
- Coates A., Janes World Sailplanes and Motor Gliders, Janes,1980, ISBN 0710600178, pg. 85
- Simons M, Segelflugzeuge 1965–2000, Eqip, 2004
- Sailplane Directory
- American narrative of World Championships (see 1968).
