Welcome to the Vietnam portal / Chào mừng bạn đến với Cổng thông tin Việt Nam
Vietnam , officially the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam (
SRV ), is a country at the eastern edge of
mainland Southeast Asia , with an area of about 331,000 square kilometres (128,000 sq mi) and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's
fifteenth-most populous country . One of the two
Marxist-Leninist states in
Southeast Asia , Vietnam shares land borders with
China to the north, and
Laos and
Cambodia to the west. It shares
maritime borders with
Thailand through the
Gulf of Thailand , and the
Philippines ,
Indonesia , and
Malaysia through the
South China Sea . Its capital is
Hanoi and its largest city is
Ho Chi Minh City (commonly known as Saigon).
Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam . The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under Chinese rule from 111 BC, until the first dynasty emerged in 939. Successive monarchical dynasties absorbed Chinese influences through Confucianism and Buddhism , and expanded southward to the Mekong Delta , conquering Champa . During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains of Đàng Trong and Đàng Ngoài . The Nguyễn —the last imperial dynasty—surrendered to France in 1883. In 1887, its territory was integrated into French Indochina as three separate regions. In the immediate aftermath of World War II , the nationalist coalition Viet Minh , led by the communist revolutionary Ho Chi Minh , launched the August Revolution and declared Vietnam's independence from the Empire of Japan in 1945.
Vietnam went through prolonged warfare in the 20th century. After World War II , France returned to reclaim colonial power in the First Indochina War , from which Vietnam emerged victorious in 1954. As a result of the treaties signed between the Viet Minh and France, Vietnam was also separated into two parts. The Vietnam War began shortly after, between the communist North Vietnam , supported by the Soviet Union and China , and the anti-communist South Vietnam , supported by the United States . Upon the North Vietnamese victory in 1975, Vietnam reunified as a unitary socialist state under the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) in 1976. An ineffective planned economy , a trade embargo by the West , and wars with Cambodia and China crippled the country further. In 1986, the CPV initiated economic and political reforms similar to the Chinese economic reform , transforming the country to a socialist-oriented market economy . The reforms facilitated Vietnamese reintegration into the global economy and politics .
Vietnam is a developing country with a lower-middle-income economy. It has high levels of corruption , censorship , environmental issues and a poor human rights record ; the country ranks among the lowest in international measurements of civil liberties , freedom of the press , and freedom of religion and ethnic minorities . It is part of international and intergovernmental institutions including the ASEAN , the APEC , the CPTPP , the Non-Aligned Movement , the OIF , and the WTO . It has assumed a seat on the United Nations Security Council twice. (Full article... )
The Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV ) is the founding and sole legal party of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . Founded in 1930 by Hồ Chí Minh , the CPV became the ruling party of North Vietnam in 1954 and then all of Vietnam after the collapse of the South Vietnamese government following the Fall of Saigon in 1975. Although it nominally exists alongside the Vietnamese Fatherland Front , it maintains a unitary government and has centralized control over the state, military , and media. The supremacy of the CPV is guaranteed by Article 4 of the national constitution . The Vietnamese public generally refer to the CPV as simply "the Party" (Đảng ) or "our Party" (Đảng ta ).
The CPV is organized on the basis of
democratic centralism , a principle conceived by
Russian Marxist revolutionary
Vladimir Lenin . The highest institution of the CPV is the party's
National Congress , which elects the
Central Committee . The Central Committee is the supreme organ on party affairs in between party congresses. After a party congress, the Central Committee elects the
Politburo and
Secretariat , and appoints the
First Secretary , the highest party office. In between sessions of the Central Committee, the Politburo is the supreme organ on party affairs. However, it can only implement decisions based on the policies which have been approved in advance by either the Central Committee or the party's National Congress. , the
12th Politburo has 19 members. (
Full article... )
List of selected articles
Image 1 A view of
Mường Thanh Valley from
Dien Bien Phu city, Vietnam
Image 2 Making salt by evaporation of sea water near
Ninh Hòa town,
Khánh Hòa Province Vietnam
Image 3 The train station at
Da Lat
Image 4 Thích Quảng Đức 's self-immolation during the
Buddhist crisis in Vietnam.
Image 5 The painting depicts the retired emperor
Trần Nhân Tông who has now become a monk and returned to Hanoi from his hermitage in Vũ Lâm.
Image 6 The sunset over
Hanoi , after a rain
Image 7 The gate to Linh Ung Pagoda at
Sơn Trà District ,
Da Nang , Vietnam
Image 8 Hồ Chí Minh attended French Communist Congress in Marseilles in 1921 under the name Nguyễn Ái Quốc.
Image 9 Dong Ho painting is a line of Vietnamese folk painting originating in Đông Hồ village (Song Hồ commune,
Thuận Thành District , Bắc Ninh Province.
Image 10 Wooden doors in the Imperial palace in
Huế , Vietnam
Image 11 Imperial City of Huế , recognized as a UNESCO Heritage site in 1993, was the former capital of Vietnam under the
Nguyễn dynasty .
Image 12 View of
Ho Chi Minh City from
Bitexco Financial Tower , Vietnam
Image 13 Water puppetry , lit. "Making
puppets dance on water") is a tradition that dates back as far as the 11th century when it originated in the villages of the
Red River Delta area of northern
Vietnam .
Image 14 Hanging fishing nets in the
Cu Đê River , just before it merges with Da Nang Bay
The following are images from various Vietnam-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 A trio of Vietnamese musicians performing together. The man on the far left plays
kèn đám ma , the man in the middle plays the
đàn nhị and the man on the right plays the
trống chầu . (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 2 Handwritten Vietnamese (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 4 Portrait of Nguyễn Quý Đức (1648-1720) wearing
áo giao lĩnh (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 5 Ba tầm hat, a popular type of women's hat in northern Vietnam (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 6 A lantern procession during Tết Trung Thu in Vietnam, which is also celebrated as "Children's Festival". (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 7 Vietnam map of Köppen climate classification zones (from
Geography of Vietnam )
Image 8 Water puppet theatre in
Hanoi (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 9 Traditionally, people wore white clothes along with white turbans during funerals. Vietnamese officials Hồ Đắc Trung, Tôn Thất Hân,
Nguyễn Hữu Bài and Đoàn Đình Duyệt depicted during the funeral of emperor
Khải Định . (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 10 Silk painting of Trịnh Đình Kiên (1715-1786) in the 18th century, exhibited in
Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 11 Vietnamese statues depicting the traditional practice of
teeth blackening (nhuộm răng đen) (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 12 Vietnamese calligraphy depicting people on a boat, the calligraphy says, "Thuyền nhân" (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 13 Vietnamese painting depicting a funeral during the
Nguyễn dynasty (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 14 Hanoi's
One Pillar Pagoda , a historic Buddhist temple (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 15 19th-century manuscript of "Mysterious tales of the Southern Realm" (
Lĩnh Nam chích quái ), a copy of 15th-century original tale. (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 16 Empress Nam Phương wearing
áo nhật bình and
khăn vành dây (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 18 A Kinh Vietnamese woman with blackened teeth. (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 19 Ceremonial procession of
Thành hoàng , 19th century (from
Culture of Vietnam )
Image 20 Court attires of Nguyễn Dynasty (from
Culture of Vietnam )
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