Portal:1970s

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The 1970s Portal

P:1970s

The 1970s (pronounced "nineteen-seventies"; commonly shortened to the "Seventies" or the "'70s") was a decade that began on January 1, 1970, and ended on December 31, 1979.

In the 21st century, historians have increasingly portrayed the 1970s as a "pivot of change" in world history, focusing especially on the economic upheavals^[1] that followed the end of the postwar economic boom.^[2] On a global scale, it was characterized by frequent coups, domestic conflicts and civil wars, and various political upheavals and armed conflicts which arose from or were related to decolonization, and the global struggle between NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Many regions had periods of high-intensity conflict, notably Southeast Asia, the Mideast, and Africa.

In the Western world, social progressive values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and economic liberty of women, continued to grow. In the United Kingdom, the 1979 election resulted in the victory of its Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher, the first female British Prime Minister. Industrialized countries experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. The crisis saw the first instance of stagflation which began a political and economic trend of the replacement of Keynesian economic theory with neoliberal economic theory, with the first neoliberal government coming to power with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. The 1970s was also an era of great technological and scientific advances; since the appearance of the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004 in 1971, the decade was characterised by a profound transformation of computing units – by then rudimentary, spacious machines – into the realm of portability and home accessibility.

On the other hand, there were also great advances in fields such as physics, which saw the consolidation of quantum field theory at the end of the decade, mainly thanks to the confirmation of the existence of quarks and the detection of the first gauge bosons in addition to the photon, the Z boson and the gluon, part of what was christened in 1975 as the Standard Model.

In Asia, the People's Republic of China's international relations changed significantly following its recognition by the United Nations, the death of Mao Zedong and the beginning of market liberalization by Mao's successors. Despite facing an oil crisis due to the OPEC embargo, the economy of Japan witnessed a large boom in this period, overtaking the economy of West Germany to become the second-largest in the world.^[3] The United States withdrew its military forces from the Vietnam War. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, which led to the Soviet–Afghan War.

The 1970s saw an initial increase in violence in the Middle East as Egypt and Syria declared war on Israel, but in the late 1970s, the situation in the Middle East was fundamentally altered when Egypt signed the Egyptian–Israeli Peace Treaty. Political tensions in Iran exploded with the Iranian Revolution in 1979, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established an Islamic republic under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini.

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Monday Night Football (often abbreviated as MNF) is the branding used for broadcasts of National Football League (NFL) games that primarily broadcast on Monday nights. It was originally broadcast on ABC from 1970 to 2005, before moving exclusively to sister network ESPN in 2006, which remains the main channel for the broadcast. In 2020, MNF returned to ABC in select simulcasts with ESPN, and in 2022, it began featuring select exclusive ABC telecasts. In addition, ESPN2 has aired alternate telecasts of selected games since 2020 as the Manningcast, while ESPN has streamed MNF simulcasts in the United States since 2021.

During its initial run on ABC, it became one of the longest continuously running American television series, and one of the highest-rated, particularly among male viewers. Since 1993, MNF has been preceded on ESPN by the pregame show Monday Night Countdown. Per an NFL broadcasting policy intended to allow those who do not subscribe to cable or satellite television to see games televised by a pay television network, games on ESPN are also made available on over-the-air television stations in each participating team's local market. (Full article...)

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... that the manga series Sora ga Suki! depicted two male characters kissing each other although it was a taboo for manga in the 1970s?
... that Suzie Zuzek's impactful 1960s and 1970s textile designs for Lilly Pulitzer dresses were recovered from under floorboards?
... that the Indian director Manhar Raskapur's films Mulu Manek and Kadu Makrani were both remade during the 1970s?
... that the art of Irma Blank, of "drawing languages without words" and including sounds, was recognised in the 1970s but fell into obscurity until a rediscovery in the 2010s?
... that the Fighting Vanguard waged a guerrilla war against the Syrian government in the 1970s and 1980s?
... that until the 1970s, most shōjo manga (Japanese girls' comics) were written by men?

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Sadat in 1980

Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981. Sadat was a senior member of the Free Officers who overthrew King Farouk I in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and a close confidant of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, under whom he served as Vice President twice and whom he succeeded as president in 1970. In 1978, Sadat and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, signed a peace treaty in cooperation with United States President Jimmy Carter, for which they were recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize.

In his 11 years as president, he changed Egypt's trajectory, departing from many political and economic tenets of Nasserism, reinstituting a multi-party system, and launching the Infitah economic policy. As President, he led Egypt in the Yom Kippur War of 1973 to regain Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, which Israel had occupied since the Six-Day War of 1967, making him a hero in Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab World. Afterwards, he engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Camp David Accords and the Egypt–Israel peace treaty; this won him and Menachem Begin the Nobel Peace Prize, making Sadat the first Muslim Nobel laureate. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various 1970s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Voyager 1 passing by Jupiter's Great Red Spot February 25, 1979 (from 1970s)
Image 2Asteroids (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 3Ramones's lead guitarist Johnny Ramone performing in Toronto, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 4The Bee Gees, in 1968 (from 1970s in music)
Image 5Queen, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 6America's first space station Skylab in orbit February 8, 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 7Singer Barry Manilow wears his hair longish in the soft, layered style favoured by men in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 81970 Dodge Challenger Trans Am, an example of a muscle car in the earlier part of the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 9Pink Floyd performing The Dark Side of the Moon in 1973, the highest-selling album of the decade and one of the highest-selling of all time. (from 1970s)
Image 10AC/DC, August 1979 (from 1970s in music)
Image 111979 Iranian Revolution (from 1970s)
Image 12The CN Tower was completed in 1976, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure. (from 1970s)
Image 13 Fairchild Channel F (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 14American casual attire, 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 15Apollo 17 Astronaut Gene Cernan becomes the last man on the Moon, December 13, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 16Example of glam rock costume worn by Roy Wood and Wizzard, early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 17Galaxian (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 18Footballer George Best wore long hair in 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 19David Bowie in the early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 20The Vietnam War (1955–1975) (from 1970s)
Image 21Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat shake hands, Camp David, 1978 (from 1970s)
Image 22Apple II (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 23The early 1970s' fashions were a continuation of the hippie look from the late 1960s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 24Pakistan Army General A. A. K. Niazi signing surrender agreement before Sh. Jagjit Singh Aurora of Indian Army after getting defeated in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War against East Pakistan, which eventually liberated as Bangladesh later. (from 1970s)
Image 25Typical mid to late 1970s Ted gear, as worn by Shakin' Stevens. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 26Susana Giménez wearing hotpants, 1977 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 27Margaret Thatcher shortly before becoming the United Kingdom's first woman Prime Minister in 1979. Thatcher's political and economic agenda began the first government committed to neoliberalism. (from 1970s)
Image 28Swedish model Ulla Jones dressed in a lurex halter top and matching flared trousers (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 29Actress Camille Keaton in 1972. Throughout most of the decade, women preferred light, natural-looking make-up for the daytime. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 30Silk scarves were popular fashion accessories for women in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 31Aldo Moro (from 1970s)
Image 32Los Angeles high school students, 1973. The tousled, blond surfer hair was popular for young men in southern California. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 33Intellivision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 34Salah Zulfikar and Zubaida Tharwat in The Other Man (1973) (from 1970s)
Image 35Jose Jose (from 1970s in music)
Image 36An artist impression of an American Apollo spacecraft and Soviet Soyuz spacecraft docking, a propaganda portrait for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission (from 1970s)
Image 37The world map of military alliances in 1970s: Western allies (blue), Non-aligned countries (green) and Soviet allies (red) (from 1970s)
Image 38Kansas (from 1970s in music)
Image 39In 1971 hotpants and bell-bottomed trousers were popular fashion trends (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 40Willie Nelson became one of the most popular country music artists during the 1970s. (from 1970s in music)
Image 41Paul Anka in 1961 (from 1970s in music)
Image 42Debbie Harry of Blondie in 1977. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 43Viking 1, the first of two spacecraft sent to Mars, takes this picture of the landing site in Chryse Planitia (1978) (from 1970s)
Image 44VT100 (1978) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 45British singer Rod Stewart, 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 46Fashion models in Leipzig, GDR, 1972. One of the girls is modelling a "maxi" dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 47African American couple, Michigan Avenue, Chicago, July 1975 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 48Charlie Rich (from 1970s in music)
Image 49Isabel Perón becomes the first woman President of Argentina in 1974 and the first woman non-monarch head of state in the Western hemisphere. (from 1970s)
Image 50British rock band Killing Floor, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 51Nixon and Zhou toast, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 521973 Volvo P1800 sportwagon. (from 1970s)
Image 53John Denver, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 54Idi Amin (from 1970s)
Image 55Color TV-Game (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 56Steve McQueen with sideburns, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 57Pink Floyd, 1973 (from 1970s in music)
Image 58Home Pong console (museum recreation) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 59Bob Marley, 1980 (from 1970s in music)
Image 60A couple at prom in late 1970s: Powder Tuxedo and sleeved dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 61A West German school girl with Schultüte in 1970, with a 'hippyish' outfit on. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 62By the early 1970s, miniskirts had reached an all-time popularity. This young English woman is wearing a fringed suede miniskirt, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 63United States President Jimmy Carter and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna, Austria (from 1970s)
Image 64British rock band Queen (pictured here in 1977) was considered to be one of the most influential bands of the '70s (as well as the '80s), along with American rock band Eagles and others (from 1970s)
Image 65A Women's Liberation march in Washington, D.C., 1970 (from 1970s)
Image 66In the 1970s, women's hair was usually worn long with a centre parting (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 67Aerosmith had seven studio albums chart on the Billboard 200 in the 1970s. Their success in the decade, particularly of their albums Toys in the Attic (1975) and Rocks (1976), helped inspire future rock artists such as Slash and Kurt Cobain (from 1970s in music)
Image 68Girl in 1973 with a "flicked" hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 69Microvision (1979) is the first handheld game console that used interchangeable cartridges. (from 1970s)
Image 70Dave Schultz won Stanley Cup two times (from 1970s)
Image 711976 flyer advertising the racing game Fonz (from 1970s in video games)
Image 72Punk pioneer Lene Lovich in 1979, with her trademark long plaited hair. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 73Elton John was one of the most commercially successful solo pop acts of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 74Polistil VG2 Pong clone (1978), made in Italy (from 1970s in video games)
Image 75English girl in the mid-1970s wearing a wide-sleeved shirt, belted at the waist. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 76El Tri Band founder Alex Lora, on stage with the band in 2006 (from 1970s in music)
Image 77The Eagles (from 1970s in music)
Image 78Death Race (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 79Singer Rod Stewart performing in 1976. He was one of the major British soft rock artists of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 80Singer Billy Preston in 1974 wearing an Afro hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 81Frisbee player Ken Westerfield wearing draw string bell bottoms in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 82British rock band Led Zeppelin was one of the most popular and influential bands of the 1970s. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal. (from 1970s)
Image 83Pong (1972) (from 1970s)
Image 84Alan Bennett in 1973, wearing a wide necktie (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 85Swedish model Efva Attling in a "midi" dress, Kings Road, London, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 86Magnavox Odyssey (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 87King Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (from 1970s)
Image 88Clockwise from top left: U.S. President Richard Nixon doing the V for Victory sign after his resignation from office following the Watergate scandal in 1974; The United States was still involved in the Vietnam War in the early decade. The New York Times leaked information regarding the nation's involvement in the war. Political pressure led to America's withdrawal from the war in 1973, and the Fall of Saigon in 1975 leading to evacuations of South Vietnamese that same year; the 1973 oil crisis causes a financial crisis throughout the developed world; both the leaders of Israel and Egypt shake hands after the signing of the Camp David Accords in 1978; in 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces commits the 1971 Bangladesh genocide to curb independence movements in East Pakistan, killing 300,000 to 3,000,000 people; this consequently leads to the Bangladesh Liberation War; the 1970 Bhola cyclone kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan in November 1970, and became the deadliest natural disaster in 40 years; the Iranian Revolution of 1979 ousts Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who is later replaced by an Islamic theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini; the popularity of the disco music genre and subculture peaks during the mid-to-late 1970s.
(from 1970s)
Image 89Three Los Angeles Chicanos in 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 90Led Zeppelin, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 91British girls in 1975 in flared jeans (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 92Mao Zedong wearing gray Zhongshan suit, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 93Egyptian military vehicles crossing the Suez Canal on October 7, 1973, during the Yom Kippur War. (from 1970s)
Image 94Iranian prince Reza Pahlavi wearing Peacock Revolution-inspired velvet Nehru jacket and geometric print scarf, 1973. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 95Line at a gas station in Maryland, June 15, 1979. (from 1970s)
Image 961974 Ford Mustang interior (from 1970s)
Image 97Commodore PET (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 98A wrap dress Diane von Fürstenberg designed in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 99Honda Civic sold well throughout the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 100Flared jeans and trousers were popular with both sexes as can be seen at this East German disco party in 1977. In the socialist part of Germany (until 1990), the government regarded western influences on cultural life of their population very critical, but factually tolerated them in many fields. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 101The 1970 Bhola cyclone, considered the 20th century's worst cyclone disaster, kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan during November 1970. (from 1970s)
Image 102Redd Foxx and Demond Wilson from Sanford and Son (from 1970s)
Image 103Concorde landing at Farnborough in September 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 104Rigo Tovar (from 1970s in music)
Image 105Bruce Lee fostered the popularity of martial arts cinema (from 1970s)
Image 106Park Chung Hee (from 1970s)
Image 107The British band The Bee Gees were one of the biggest musical acts of the 1970s leading the disco phenomenon (from 1970s in music)
Image 108The Swedish band ABBA was one of the most commercially successful European bands of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 109Nixon displays the V-for-victory sign as he departs the White House after resigning (from 1970s)
Image 110Siouxsie Sioux of the English punk group Siouxsie and the Banshees. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 111Woman in miniskirt, 1970 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 112American First Lady Pat Nixon wears a shirt with the wide collar that was popular until the final years of the decade. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 113Linda Ronstadt in 1976 (from 1970s in music)
Image 114Henry Mancini (from 1970s in music)
Image 115Debby Boone song "You Light Up My Life" had the most weeks at number one (from 1970s in music)
Image 116A young woman wearing a wrap dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 117Hank Williams (from 1970s in music)
Image 118TRS-80 (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 119Two women in 1979 wear the trendy tube tops, while the woman on the far left is wearing a rayon strapless dress (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 120Two punks from the late 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 121Haile Selassie was overthrown from power in Ethiopia, ending one of the longest-lasting monarchies in world history. (from 1970s)
Image 122Pong arcade machine (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 123Microvision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 124Mid-70s Western-inspired outifts worn by country music group Asleep at the Wheel. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 125Anti-war protest against the Vietnam War in Washington, D.C., on April 24, 1971. (from 1970s)
Image 126Loretta Lynn (from 1970s in music)

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