New Egypt Formation
| New Egypt Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian ~ | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Monmouth Group |
| Underlies | Hornerstown Formation |
| Overlies | Navesink Formation |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Marl |
| Other | Sandstone, claystone |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 40°18′N 74°06′W / 40.3°N 74.1°W |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 37°54′N 41°30′W / 37.9°N 41.5°W |
| Region | New Jersey |
| Country |  USA |
| Type section | |
| Named for | New Egypt, New Jersey |
  New Egypt Formation (the United States)  New Egypt Formation (New Jersey) | |
The New Egypt Formation is a Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) geologic formation of the Monmouth Group in New Jersey, United States.[1]
Description
[edit]The basal New Egypt is a massive clayey, glauconitic marl that closely resembles the Navesink Formation into which it grades below. Ammonites and other invertebrates found at the Spheno Run site correlate well with the middle Severn Formation of Maryland. Spheno Run has so far produced a remarkable number of vertebrate specimens, especially from marine reptiles, including: carapace elements from at least two species of turtles, Peritresius ornatus and Taphrosphys sulcatus; various bone elements from at least two species of mosasaurs including a sizable fragment of dentary bone from Prognathodon rapax and numerous shed teeth from Mosasaurus maximus.
Vertebrate remains also include material from sharks, particularly teeth and unusually large vertebral centra from an individual lamniform shark Squalicorax pristodontus, bony fish, and, rarely, dinosaurs. In addition to the vertebrate collection, Spheno Run also yields an abundance of invertebrate species including: twenty-two bivalves, seven gastropods, six cephalopods, and one each of echinoidea, porifera, and scaphopoda. It is rare to find such an extensive array of both vertebrate and invertebrate species within one horizon in New Jersey.[1][2]
Vertebrate paleobiota
[edit]Cartilaginous fish
[edit]The following taxa are known:[3]
Sharks
[edit]| Sharks of the Hornerstown Formation | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Member | Location | Material | Notes | Images | |
| Brachaelurus | B. hornerstownensis | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A blind shark. Type locality for species. | 
| |
| Chiloscyllium | C. sp. | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A bamboo shark. | 
| |
| Cretalamna | C. appendiculata | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A megatooth shark. | 
| |
| Ginglymostoma | G. cuspidata | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 3 teeth | A nurse shark. Type locality for species. | 
| |
| Hemiscyllium | H. sp. | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A bamboo shark. | 
| |
| Proheterodontus | P. creamridgensis | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A bullhead shark. Type locality for species.[4] | ||
| Pseudodontaspis | P. cf. herbsti | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A sand shark. | ||
| Serratolamna | S. serrata | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A serratolamnid mackerel shark. | ||
| Squalicorax | S. kaupi | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A crow shark. | 
| |
| Squatina | S. hassei | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 4 teeth | An angelshark. | 
| |
Rays
[edit]| Rays of the Hornerstown Formation | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Member | Location | Material | Notes | Images | |
| Dasyatis | D. newegyptensis | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 3 teeth | A whiptail stingray. Type locality of species. | 
| |
| Protoplatyrhina | P. renae | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A hypsobatid ray.[5] | ||
| Ptychotrygon | P. sp. | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 1 tooth | A ptychotrygonid sawskate. | 
| |
| Rhinobatos | R. casieri | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 2 teeth | A guitarfish. | 
| |
| Rhombodus | R. binkhorsti | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 2 teeth | A rhombodontid ray. | 
| |
| R. laevis | 1 tooth | ||||||
| Sclerorhynchus | S. pettersi | Shrewsbury | Arneytown | 2 rostra pieces | A sclerorhynchid sawskate. | 
| |
Other fossils
[edit]- Bivalves
- Cephalopods
- Fish
- Reptiles
- Agomphus pectoralis
- Catapleura repanda
- Dryptosaurus aquilunguis
- Hadrosaurus minor
- Hyposaurus rogersii
- Mosasaurus dekayi
- Mosasaurus hoffmanni
- ?Hadrosauridae indet.
- Lambeosaurinae indet. [1]
- Hadrosauromorpha indet.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b New Egypt Formation in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Carter et al., 2008
- ^ Case, Gerard Ramon; Borodin, Paul D.; Leggett, James J. (2001-05-28). "Fossil selachians from the New Egypt Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Late Maastrichtian) of Arneytown, Monmouth County, New Jersey". Palaeontographica Abteilung A: 113–124. doi:10.1127/pala/261/2001/113.
- ^ "Proheterodontus creamridgensis | Shark-References". shark-references.com. Retrieved 2024-11-18.
- ^ "Protoplatyrhina renae | Shark-References". shark-references.com. Retrieved 2024-11-18.
Bibliography
[edit]- Carter, M. T. W.; Johnson, R. O.; Chamberlain, J. A.; Mehling, C. (2008), "A new vertebrate fauna from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) New Egypt Formation of New Jersey", Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 40: 78–79
Further reading
[edit]- Brownstein, Chase Doran (2021), "Osteology and phylogeny of small-bodied hadrosauromorphs from an end-Cretaceous marine assemblage", Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 191: 180–200, doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa085
- B. Stahl and D. Parris. 2004. The complete dentition of Edaphodon mirificus (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali) from a single individual. Journal of Paleontology 78(2):388-392
- W. B. Gallagher. 1993. The Cretaceous/Tertiary mass extinction event in the North Atlantic coastal plain. The Mosasaur 5:75-154
- W. B. Gallagher. 1984. Paleoecology of the Delaware Valley region. Part II: Cretaceous to Quartenary. The Mosasaur 2:9-43
- E. S. Gaffney. 1975. A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates (2571)1-24
- E. L. Troxell. 1925. Hyposaurus, a marine crocodilian. American Journal of Science 9:489-514
- G. R. Wieland. 1905. Structure of the Upper Cretaceous turtles of New Jersey: Agomphus. The American Journal of Science, series 4 20:430-444
- G. R. Wieland. 1904. Structure of the Upper Cretaceous turtles of New Jersey: Lytoloma. The American Journal of Science, series 4 18:183-196
- E. D. Cope. 1875. The Vertebrata of the Cretaceous formations of the west. Report of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 2:1-303
- E. D. Cope. 1870. Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Part II. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14:105-235
- E. D. Cope. 1866. [On the remains of a gigantic extinct dinosaur, from the Cretaceous Green Sand of New Jersey]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 18:275-279