National Awakening (Iceland)
National Awakening Þjóðvaki – Hreyfing Fólksins | |
|---|---|
.png) | |
| Leader | Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir |
| Founded | 1994 |
| Dissolved | 2000 |
| Split from | Social Democratic Party |
| Merged into | Social Democratic Alliance |
| Ideology | Social democracy |
| Political position | Centre-left |
| Election symbol | |
| J | |
National Awakening – People's Movement (Icelandic: Þjóðvaki – Hreyfing Fólksins, ÞPM) was a social-democratic[1][2] political party in Iceland. The party was founded around Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, future Prime Minister of Iceland.[3]
History
[edit]The party was formed in 1994 in preparation for the 1995 parliamentary election; one of the co-founders was Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir after she lost an internal election for the leadership of the Social Democratic Party.[4] She was joined by members of the People's Alliance. In the 1995 parliamentary elections, the party won 7.2% of the vote and four seats.[3]
On 2 October 1996, its members of parliament joined the Social Democratic Party to form a unified parliamentary group. For the 1999 parliamentary elections it formed the United Front electoral alliance with the Social Democratic Party and the People's Alliance and the Women's List, winning 30% of the vote and 20 seats.[4][5] In 2000, the parties merged with to form the Social Democratic Alliance.
Electoral results
[edit]| Election | Votes | % | Seats | /– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 11,806 | 7.2 | 4 / 63
|
 4
|
5th
|
Opposition |
References
[edit]- ^ Svanur Kristjánsson (2006). "Iceland: A Parliamentary Democracy with a Semi-presidential Constitution". In Kaare Strøm; Wolfgang C. Müller (eds.). Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies. OUP Oxford. p. 402. ISBN 978-0-19-929160-1.
- ^ Bale, Tim (2021). Riding the populist wave: Europe's mainstream right in crisis. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-009-00686-6. OCLC 1256593260.
- ^ a b Sverrir Jakobsson; Gudmundur Halfdanarson, eds. (2016). Historical Dictionary of Iceland. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 254. ISBN 978-1-4422-6291-1.
- ^ a b Peter Lamb (2015). Historical Dictionary of Socialism. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 219. ISBN 978-1-4422-5827-3.
- ^ Svanur Kristjánsson; Indridi Indridason (2011). "Iceland: Dramatic Shifts". In Torbjörn Bergman; Kaare Strøm (eds.). The Madisonian Turn: Political Parties and Parliamentary Democracy in Nordic Europe. University of Michigan Press. pp. 162, 165. ISBN 978-0-472-11747-5.
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