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List of Mexican Nobel laureates and nominees

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The following is a list of Mexican Nobel laureates and nominees.

Laureates

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Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Citation
Citizens
1982 Alfonso García Robles 20 March 1911 in Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico 2 September 1991 in Mexico City, Mexico Peace "for their work for disarmament and nuclear and weapon-free zones."[1]
(awarded together with Swedish diplomat Alva Myrdal)
1990 Octavio Paz Lozano 31 March 1914 in Mexico City, Mexico 19 April 1998 in Mexico City, Mexico Literature "for impassioned writing with wide horizons, characterized by sensuous intelligence and humanistic integrity."[2]
1995 Mario José Molina Henríquez 19 March 1943 in Mexico City, Mexico 7 October 2020 in Mexico City, Mexico Chemistry "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone."[3]
(awarded together with Dutch meteorologist Paul J. Crutzen and American chemist Frank Sherwood Rowland)
Expatriates
1982 Gabriel García Márquez 6 March 1927 in Aracataca, Magdalena, Colombia 17 April 2014 in Mexico City, Mexico Literature "for his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts."[4]

Nominations

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Nominees

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Since 1949, Mexicans began to receive nominations for the prestigious Swedish prize. The following list are the nominees with verified nominations archived by the Nobel Committee and recognized international organizations. There are also other purported nominees whose nominations are yet to be verified since the archives are revealed 50 years after,[5] among them:

Image Nominee Born Died Years Nominated Citation Nominator(s)
Physiology or Medicine
Arturo Rosenblueth 2 October 1900 in Ciudad Guerrero, Chihuahua, Mexico 20 September 1970 in Mexico City, Mexico 1952 "for his pioneering contributions to cybernetics." G. Guzman (?)
 Mexico
Literature
Rafael Altamira y Crevea[6] 10 February 1866 in Alicante, Spain 1 June 1951 in Mexico City, Mexico 1911 Historia de la Propiedad Comunal (1890)
Historia de España y de la Civilización Española (1899)
Aniceto Sela Sampil
(1863–1935)
 Spain
1912 Fermín Canella Secades
(1849–1924)
 Spain
Enrique González Martínez[7] 13 April 1871 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico 19 February 1952 in Mexico City, Mexico 1949 Los senderos ocultos (1911)
La palabra del viento (1921)
Poemas truncos (1935)
Bajo el signo mortal (1942)
Antonio Castro Leal
(1896–1981)
 Mexico
1952 Academia Mexicana de la Lengua
Alfonso Reyes Ochoa[8] 17 May 1889 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico 27 December 1959 in Mexico City, Mexico 1949 Cuestiones estéticas (1911)
Visión de Anáhuac (1915)
Ifigenia cruel (1924)
Discurso por Virgilio (1931)
Cantata en la tumba de Federico García Lorca (1937)
Gabriela Mistral
(1889–1957)
 Chile
1953 Fidelino de Figueiredo
(1888–1967)
 Portugal
1956 National Autonomous University of Mexico
1958 Ángel del Río
(1900–1962)
 United States
1959 Jean Camp (?)
 France
María Enriqueta Camarillo Roa[9] 19 February 1872 in Coatepec, Veracruz, Mexico 13 February 1968 in Mexico City, Mexico 1951 Jirón de Mundo (1918)
El Secreto (1922)
Album sentimental (1926)
Cuentecillos de cristal (1928)
Leavitt Olds Wright
(1891–1980)
 United States
Germán Pardo García 19 July 1902 in Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia 23 August 1991 in Mexico City, Mexico 1967, 1968, 1969 Noche triste (1918)
Las voces naturales (1945)
Poemas contemporáneos (1949)
Labios nocturnos (1965)
James Willis Robb
(1918–2010)
 United States
1968, 1970 Kurt Leopold Levy
(1917–2000)
 Canada
Luis Buñuel Portolés 22 February 1900 in Calanda, Aragon, Spain 29 July 1983 in Mexico City, Mexico 1968 List of Luis Buñuel filmography unnamed nominator
1972 Lars Forssell (1928–2007)
 Sweden
Peace
Rafael Altamira y Crevea[6] 10 February 1866 in Alicante, Spain 1 June 1951 in Mexico City, Mexico 1908, 1909, 1911 Fermín Canella Secades
(1849–1924)
 Spain
1933 "for introducing internationalistic and humanitarian reforms in his work as a history professor and for his role in drafting the statutes of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague." Michel Lhéritier
(1889–1951)
 France
1951 "for his important contribution to international law, especially his extensive authorship on international law." José Isidro Fabela Alfaro
(1882–1964)
 Mexico
Jean Sarrailh
(1891–1964)
 France
Edo Fimmen[10]* 18 June 1881 in Nieuwer-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands 14 December 1942 in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico 1937 "for encouraging a joint action by the European trade unions against the new dangers of war and for the protection of the German working class." Eugène van Walleghem (1882–1964)
 Belgium
Vladimír Clementis
(1902–1952)
 Slovakia
Miguel Alemán Valdés[11] 29 September 1900 in Sayula de Alemán, Veracruz, Mexico 14 May 1983 in Mexico City, Mexico 1952 "for his Pan-American work and his contribution for creating international understanding." José Maria Salazar (?)
 El Salvador
1953 Albert Ethéart (?)
 Haiti
Adolfo López Mateos[12] 26 May 1909 in Ciudad López Mateos, Mexico 22 September 1969 in Mexico City Mexico 1963 Benjamin Peralta (?)
 Mexico
1963 "for his many action to create a more peaceful world, being a pacifist and humanitarian, and has done much to prevent war." José Isidro Fabela Alfaro
(1882–1964)
 Mexico
1964 "for leading the way towards world peace through his declaration of Mexico as a non nuclear zone."
Alfonso García Robles[13][14] 20 March 1911 in Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico 2 September 1991 in Mexico City, Mexico 1968 "for his work in negotiating the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, and for his other services to international goodwill and understanding." Philip Noel-Baker
(1889–1982)
 United Kingdom
1970 "for his support of disarmament in Latin-America and almost making it a non-nuclear zone."
1971 "for being a moving force in securing the adoption of the Disarmament Resolutions by the United Nations General Assembly, which set forth a programme for general and complete disarmament."
1969 "for his years of international activity tending to the progress of law and the strengthening of peace and for his leadership in the work that culminated with the Treaty of Tlatelolco, which prohibits nuclear arms in Latin America." Antonio Carrillo Flores
(1909–1986)
 Mexico
1971 "for his merits and contribution to the creation of treaties against nuclear-arms in Latin-America, which he contributed greatly to through his intelligence, perseverance, and love for peace." Jorge Castañeda y Álvarez de la Rosa
(1921–1997)
 Mexico
"because he took a decisive part in the adoption of the Treaty signed in Mexico City on April 12, 1967, establishing a denuclearization regime for Latin America." René-Jean Dupuy
(1918–1997)
 France
Samuel Ruíz García 3 November 1924 in Guanajuato, Mexico 24 January 2011 in Mexico City, Mexico 1994, 1995, 1996 "for his efforts to achieve peace in Chiapas and his passionate advocacy for indigenous communities."
12 Mexican women (part of the 1000 PeaceWomen)[a] began in 2003 in Bern, Switzerland 2005 "in recognition of women's efforts and visibility in promoting peace all over the world."[15]
  • Ruth-Gaby Vermont-Mangold
    (born 1941)
      Switzerland
Alejandro Solalinde Guerra 19 March 1945 in Texcoco de Mora, Mexico 2017 "because of his many achievements and his unbreakable spirit to serve the most marginalized members of society."[16] Jorge Olvera García
(born 1962)
 Mexico
Daniel Alonso Rodríguez 13 November 1998 in Tlaxcoapan, Hidalgo, Mexico 2017 "for his unusual sensitivity and dedication to human rights in Mexico."[17][18] Juan Gabriel Zamora JJiménez (?)
 Mexico

Notes

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  1. ^ The 12 Mexican who formed part in the 1000 PeaceWomen were Elsa Patria Jiménez Flores (born 1957), Guadalupe Hernández Dimas (born ?), Macedonia Blas Flores (born 1958), Maria del Pilar Sertvije de Mariscal (born 1946), Marta Lamas Encabo (born 1947), Martha Lucía Mícher Camarena (born 1954), Nuria Costa Leonardo (born 1960), Rosario Ibarra de Piedra (1927–2022), Sandra Jiménez Loza (born ?), Sara Lovera López (born 1949), Sylvia Aguilera García (born 1974), and Teresa Columba Ulloa Ziaurriz (born 1949).

References

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  1. ^ The Nobel Peace Prize 1982 nobelprize.org
  2. ^ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1990 nobelprize.org
  3. ^ The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 nobelprize.org
  4. ^ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1982 nobelprize.org
  5. ^ Nomination and selection of Nobel Peace Prize laureates nobelprize.org
  6. ^ a b Nomination archive – Rafael Altamira y Crevea nobelprize.org
  7. ^ Nomination archive – Enrique González Martínez nobelprize.org
  8. ^ Nomination archive – Alfonso Reyes nobelprize.org
  9. ^ Nomination archive – Maria Enriqueta Camarillo y Roa nobelprize.org
  10. ^ Nomination archive – Edo Fimmen nobelprize.org
  11. ^ Nomination archive – Miguel Alemán Valdés nobelprize.org
  12. ^ Nomination archive – Adolfo Lopez Mateos nobelprize.org
  13. ^ Nomination archive – Alfonso Garcia Robles nobelprize.org
  14. ^ Nomination archive - Alfonso Garcia Robles nobelprize.org
  15. ^ PeaceWomen Across the Globe, www.1000peacewomen.org, retrieved 22 July 2022.
  16. ^ "UAEM nominates Father Alejandro Solalinde for Nobel Peace Prize". thenews.mx. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  17. ^ "Daniel Alonso, de 19 años y estudiante de Derecho del ITESM, es nominado al Nobel de la Paz" (in Spanish). 18 March 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  18. ^ "Joven mexicano estudiante del ITESM está nominado al Nobel de la Paz". Universia (in Spanish). 31 March 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2023.