Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault
| Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault | |
|---|---|
| Falla de Liquiñe-Ofqui | |
 Approximate extent of the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault shown in red. Note that it is near parallel to the Peru-Chile Trench, the coastline, the Chilean Coast Range and the Andes | |
| Etymology | Liquiñe, Ofqui |
| Named by | Hervé et al. |
| Year defined | 1979 |
| Country |  Chile |
| Characteristics | |
| Range | Andes |
| Length | 1,200 km (750 mi) |
| Tectonics | |
| Plate | South American |
| Status | Active |
| Earthquakes | 1960 Valdivia earthquake aftershock, 2007 Aysén Fjord earthquakes |
| Type | Intra-arc strike-slip fault |
| Movement | Dextral |
| Orogeny | Andean |
| Volcanic arc/belt | Southern Volcanic Zone |
The Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault is major geological fault that runs a length of roughly 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) in a NNE-SSW orientation and exhibits current seismicity.[1][2] It is located in the Chilean Northern Patagonian Andes. It is a dextral intra-arc strike-slip fault.[2] Most large stratovolcanoes of the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes are aligned by the fault which allows for the movement of magma and hydrothermal fluids.[2]
The fault crosses several transverse faults including the Mocha-Villarrica Fault Zone (MVFZ) and the Biobío-Aluminé Fault Zone.[2] The fault has had periods of ductile deformation associated to pluton emplacement, be it either at great depths or by shallow intrusions.[3]
The forces that move the fault are derivative of the oblique subduction offshore Chile"s coast. This leads to partition of deformation between the subduction zone, the fore-arc and the intra-arc region where the fault lies.[2] There is evidence that the fault broke as a Mw 9.07 subevent in the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.[4] A portion of the fault in Aysén Region likely slipped (moved) in an aftershock a few weeks after the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.[5] This same portion slipped again in April 2007, causing earthquakes in Aysén Fjord, triggering landslides and a local tsunami.[5]
The fault name was coined by Francisco Hervé, I. Fuenzalida, E. Araya and A. Solano in 1979.[6] The existence of the fault was first inferred by Chilean government agent Hans Steffen around 1900, who referred to it as a "tectonic furrow" (Spanish: surco tectónico).[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Lange, D.; Cembrano, J.; Rietbrock, A.; Haberland, C.; Dahm, T.; Bataille, K (April 2008). "First seismic record for intra-arc strike-slip tectonics along the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone at the obliquely convergent plate margin of the southern Andes". Tectonophysics. 455 (1–4): 14. Bibcode:2008Tectp.455...14L. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.04.014. hdl:10533/139825.1–4&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2008-04&rft_id=info:hdl/10533/139825&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.04.014&rft_id=info:bibcode/2008Tectp.455...14L&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Cembrano,+J.&rft.au=Rietbrock,+A.&rft.au=Haberland,+C.&rft.au=Dahm,+T.&rft.au=Bataille,+K&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Liquiñe-Ofqui+Fault" class="Z3988">
- ^ a b c d e Pérez-Flores, Pamela; Cembrano, José; Sánchez-Alfaro, Pablo; Veloso, Eugenio; Arancibia, Gloria; Roquer, Tomás (2016). "Tectonics, magmatism and paleo-fluid distribution in a strike-slip setting: Insights from the northern termination of the Liquiñe–Ofqui fault System, Chile" (PDF). Tectonophysics. 680: 192–210. Bibcode:2016Tectp.680..192P. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.05.016. Retrieved June 1, 2018.192-210&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.05.016&rft_id=info:bibcode/2016Tectp.680..192P&rft.aulast=Pérez-Flores&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.au=Cembrano,+José&rft.au=Sánchez-Alfaro,+Pablo&rft.au=Veloso,+Eugenio&rft.au=Arancibia,+Gloria&rft.au=Roquer,+Tomás&rft_id=http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/141877/Tectonics-magmatism-and-paleo-fluid-distribution.pdf?sequence=1&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Liquiñe-Ofqui+Fault" class="Z3988">
- ^ Adriasola, Alberto C.; Stockhert, Bernhard (2008). "Cooling histories and deformation of plutonic rocks along the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone, Southern Chile (41°-42°15"S)". Revista Geológica de Chile. 35 (1): 39–61. doi:10.4067/s0716-02082008000100002.39-61&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info:doi/10.4067/s0716-02082008000100002&rft.aulast=Adriasola&rft.aufirst=Alberto+C.&rft.au=Stockhert,+Bernhard&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.4067%2Fs0716-02082008000100002&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Liquiñe-Ofqui+Fault" class="Z3988">
- ^ Kanamori, Hiroo (July 2019). "Evidence for a large strike-slip component during the 1960 Chilean earthquake". Geophysical Journal International. 218 (1): 1–32. doi:10.1093/gji/ggz113. Retrieved 9 July 2022.1-32&rft.date=2019-07&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/gji/ggz113&rft.aulast=Kanamori&rft.aufirst=Hiroo&rft_id=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334143123&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Liquiñe-Ofqui+Fault" class="Z3988">
- ^ a b Kanamori, Hiroo; Rivera, Luis (2017). "An Mw =7.7 slow earthquake in 1960 near the Ays´en Fjord region, Chile" (PDF). Geophysical Journal International. 211: 93–106. doi:10.1093/gji/ggx292. Retrieved March 29, 2019.93-106&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/gji/ggx292&rft.aulast=Kanamori&rft.aufirst=Hiroo&rft.au=Rivera,+Luis&rft_id=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/82533/1/ggx292.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Liquiñe-Ofqui+Fault" class="Z3988">
- ^ a b Hauser, A. (1991). "Hans Steffen, precursor del concepto falla Liquiñe-Ofqui". Revista Geológica de Chile (in Spanish). 18: 177–179.177-179&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=http://www.andeangeology.cl/index.php/revista1/article/viewFile/2492/2697&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Liquiñe-Ofqui+Fault" class="Z3988">
Major South American geological features | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tectonic plates |  | ||||
| Cratons and shields | |||||
| Structures undergoing subduction | |||||
| Faults and shear zones | |||||
| Rifts and grabens | |||||
| Sedimentary basins | |||||
| Orogenies | |||||
| Metallogenetic provinces | |||||
| Volcanism |
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