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Kosmos 12

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Kosmos 12
A Zenit reentry capsule
NamesZenit 2-7
Mission typeOptical imaging reconnaissance
OperatorSoviet space program
Harvard designation1962 Beta Omega 1
COSPAR ID1962-072A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.517
Mission duration8 days
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeZenit-2
ManufacturerOKB-1
Launch mass4730 kg[1]
Start of mission
Launch date22 December 1962
09:21:00 GMT
RocketVostok-2
Launch siteBaikonur 1/5
ContractorOKB-1
End of mission
DisposalRecovered
Landing date30 December 1962
Landing siteSteppe in Kazakhstan
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric[2]
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude198 km
Apogee altitude392 km
Inclination65.0°
Period90.5 minutes
Epoch22 December 1962

Kosmos 12 (Russian: Космос 12 meaning Cosmos 12) or Zenit-2 No.7 was a Soviet optical film-return reconnaissance satellite launched in 1962. A Zenit-2 spacecraft, Kosmos 12 was the seventh of eighty-one such satellites to be launched.[3][4]

Spacecraft

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Kosmos 12 was a Zenit-2 satellite, a first generation, low resolution, reconnaissance satellite derived from the Vostok spacecraft used for crewed flights, the satellites were developed by OKB-1. In addition to reconnaissance, it was also used for research into radiation in support of the Vostok programme. It had a mass of 4,730 kilograms (10,430 lb).[1]

Mission

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The Vostok-2 rocket, serial number T15000-10, was used to launch Kosmos 12. The launch took place from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 09:21:00 GMT on 22 December 1962. Following its successful arrival in orbit, the spacecraft received its Kosmos designation, along with the Harvard designation 1962 Beta Omega 1, the International Designator 1962-072A, and the Satellite Catalog Number 00517.[1]

Kosmos 12 was operated in a low Earth orbit. On 22 December 1962, it had a perigee of 198 kilometres (123 mi), an apogee of 392 kilometres (244 mi), with an inclination of 65.0°, and an orbital period of 90.5 minutes.[2] On 30 December 1962, the spacecraft was deorbited, with its return capsule descending by parachute for recovery by the Soviet forces in the steppe in Kazakhstan.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Cosmos 12: Display 1962-072A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ a b "Cosmos 12: Trajectory 1962-072A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ Krebs, Gunter. "Zenit-2 (11F61)". Gunter's Space Page. Archived from the original on 31 December 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
  4. ^ Wade, Mark. "Zenit-2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 23 May 2012. Retrieved 13 December 2013.