Jules Grand
Jules Grand | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1846 |
| Died | 1933 |
| Occupation | Physician |
Jules Grand (1846–1933) was a French physician, theosophist and vegetarianism activist. He was president of the French Vegetarian Society.
Career
[edit]Grand was a physician at the École de Médecine de Paris (Paris School of Medicine).[1] He was an associate editor of the 1895 volume Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences and Analytical Index.
He was the president of the Sociéte Végétarienne de France (SVF) from its formation in 1899.[2] He was elected to the management committee in 1905 with biologist Jules Lefèvre and other physicians.[3] By 1906 there were 800 members of the Society.[2] The Society published his book La Philosophie de I' alimentation in 1901.[2]
Grand made anatomical, physiological and ethical arguments for vegetarianism.[4] In 1900, he was chairman and a speaker at the Vegetarian Federal Union organized in Paris.[5] In his speech he commented "that vegetarianism contributes powerfully to making the better man; that it ensures his intellectual capacity; softens his relations with his fellow men and makes them more fraternal".[4] He argued in his essays that meat is responsible for the degeneration of the French nation.[6] He stated that a vegetarian diet could prevent the misuse of alcohol. [7] A paper he wrote on vegetarianism was read at the International Vegetarian Union's 1926 congress.[8] He was an opponent of vivisection.[9]
Theosophy
[edit]He combined theosophy and vegetarianism in his book Hygiene rationnelle vegetarisme, published in 1912. Grand stated that humans have a responsibility to protect animals. His vegetarianism incorporated theosophical ideas of an astral body and reincarnation.[2] He lectured on theosophy in Amsterdam.[2]
Selected publications
[edit]- Du régime végétarien comme moyen préventif et curatif de l'alcoolisme (1899)
- La Philosophie de I' alimentation (1901)[2]
- Hygiène rationnelle, végétarisme: causeries du médecin (1912)[10]
- The Philosophy of Diet (1905)[11]
References
[edit]- ^ Oliveira, Castro (1888). Elements of Therapeutics and Practice According to the Dosimetric System. D. Appleton and Company.
- ^ a b c d e f Crossley, Ceri (2005). Consumable Metaphors: Attitudes Towards Animals and Vegetarianism in Nineteenth-Century France. Peter Lang. p. 242-257. ISBN 0-8204-7175-5.
- ^ Fenton, Alexander (2000). Order and Disorder: The Health Implications of Eating and Drinking in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium of the International Commission for Research Into European Food History, Aberdeen 1997. International Commission for Research into European Food History. p. 221. ISBN 978-1862321175.
- ^ a b Bernard, Léo (2021). "Le végétarisme théosophique en France : de l'adeptat au militantisme (1880-1940)". Politica Hermetica. 35: 71–98.
- ^ "World's Vegetarian Congress at the Paris Exhibition". Supplement to the Carmarthen Weekly Reporter. July 13, 1900. p. 5. (subscription required)
- ^ "A Plea for Vegetarianism". The Review of Reviews. 23: 78. 1901.
- ^ Edman, Johan (2015). "Temperance and Modernity: Alcohol Consumption as a Collective Problem, 1885–1913". Journal of Social History. 49 (1): 20–52. doi:10.1093/jsh/shv029.
- ^ "History of the French Vegetarian Societies". International Vegetarian Union. Archived from the original on May 20, 2024.
- ^ Goodridge, A. R. (1907). What is Vivisection?. J. J. Little. p. 149.
- ^ "Deborah Coltham Rare Books: Spring Miscellany II: Firsts London Issue" (PDF). Deborah Coltham Rare Books. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 4, 2024.
- ^ "What Shall We Eat? Vegetarians v. Cannibals". The Clarion. July 21, 1905. p. 7. (subscription required)