Jatigede Dam
| Jatigede Dam | |
|---|---|
 Rendition of the future dam, downstream side on the left | |
  Location of Jatigede Dam in Indonesia | |
| Official name | Bendungan Jatigede |
| Country | Indonesia |
| Location | Sumedang, West Java |
| Coordinates | 6°51′23″S 108°05′41″E / 6.85639°S 108.09472°E |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 2008 |
| Opening date | 2015 |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Embankment, rock-fill |
| Impounds | Cimanuk River |
| Height | 110 m (361 ft) |
| Length | 1,715 m (5,627 ft) |
| Elevation at crest | 265 m (869 ft) |
| Width (crest) | 110 m (361 ft) |
| Dam volume | 6,700,000 m3 (8,763,269 cu yd) |
| Spillway type | Chute |
| Spillway capacity | 4,468 m3/s (157,786 cu ft/s) |
| Reservoir | |
| Total capacity | 980,000,000 m3 (794,499 acre⋅ft) |
| Active capacity | 877,000,000 m3 (710,995 acre⋅ft) |
| Catchment area | 1,462 km2 (564 sq mi) |
| Surface area | 41.22 km2 (16 sq mi) |
| Normal elevation | 260 m (853 ft) |
| Power Station | |
| Operator(s) | Perusahaan Listrik Negara |
| Commission date | 2019 (est.) |
| Hydraulic head | 170 m (558 ft) (design) |
| Turbines | 2 x 55 MW Francis-type |
| Installed capacity | 110 MW[1] |
The Jatigede Dam is an embankment dam on the Cimanuk River in Sumedang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. It is located 19 km (12 mi) east of the town of Sumedang. Construction on the dam began in 2008 and it was completed in 2015.[2] The power station is expected to be commissioned in 2019. The primary purpose of the dam is irrigation but it will also provide for flood control, water supply and hydroelectric power generation. Water in the reservoir will be used to help irrigate 90,000 ha (222,395 acres) of farmland and the power station is expected to have a 110 MW capacity. The project has become controversial, primarily due to the relocation of people in the future reservoir zone.[3]
Background
[edit]The dam was first proposed in 1963 after a study of the Cimanuk was carried out by Coyne et Bellier. Further planning and designs commenced thereafter. An environmental impact assessment was completed in 1986 and land acquisition study in 2003.[4] After decades of planning and protests, the Indonesian Government announced firm plans to proceed with the dam in 2004.[5]
The project has been surrounded with controversy over the years, particularly as its reservoir would flood 4,896 ha (12,098 acres) of land. This includes five districts and 30 villages which include approximately 70,000 people to be relocated.[6] Affected residents claim that compensation for their land is too low and that the government intimidated them to accept offers in the 1980s.[7] In addition, a 2011 study by Indonesia's Ministry of Public Works estimated that the reservoir would become ineffective in 50 years due to high sedimentation of the river. As a result, conservation activities in the watershed area of Cimanuk River would be undertaken by Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Forestry, West Java Provincial Government and the relevant regency governments. Furthermore a cekdam (levee to prevent river from widening) in upper area of the Reservoir upper area of the Reservoir will be made. Thus, sedimentation can be lifted and will extend the life of the reservoir.[8]
Despite the controversy, the government stated in 2004 that an agreement had been reached.[5] The contract to build the dam and power plant was awarded to China's Sinohydro Corporation in May 2007.[9] Construction on the dam's diversion tunnel began in October 2008 and was completed in August 2011.[10] The government announced in late 2011 that that dam was 60% complete.[11] In July 2011, it was announced that Perusahaan Listrik Negara would oversee the construction and operation of the 110 MW power plant.[12] The dam and power plant is expected to cost US$224 million.[13] In May 2013 the government announced that the total cost would be around $400 million and that the dam was 70% complete.[14] Currently, the dam was expected to start impounding its reservoir in early 2015. This major step in construction has been repeatedly delayed due to resident relocations.[12][15][16]
In December 2014, a contract was signed with Sinohydro to construct the power station. It should be operational in 2019.[17] On 31 August 2015, the dam began to impound its reservoir, 30 days behind the most recent schedule.[18]
Design
[edit]The Jatigede Dam will be a 110 m (361 ft) high and 1,715 m (5,627 ft) long rock-fill embankment dam. Its crest will be 12 m (39 ft) wide and the body will contain 6,700,000 m3 (8,763,269 cu yd) of fill. The dam's spillway will be a chute-type on the center of the downstream face. It will be controlled by four radial gates and have a discharge capacity of 4,468 m3/s (157,786 cu ft/s). The irrigation intake will be located below the spillway. The dam will withhold a reservoir with a 980,000,000 m3 (794,499 acre⋅ft) storage capacity of which 877,000,000 m3 (710,995 acre⋅ft) is active (or 'usable') for water supply and power generation. The reservoir's catchment area encompasses 1,462 km2 (564 sq mi) while the man-made lake will have a surface area of 41.22 km2 (16 sq mi). The dam's crest elevation will be 265 m (869 ft) and the normal reservoir elevation 260 m (853 ft). The intake for the power plant will be on the right abutment and will place water into a 3,050 m (10,007 ft) long head-race tunnel before reaching the power plant downstream. The power plant will contain two 55 MW Francis turbine-generators (total capacity 110 MW) with a design hydraulic head of 170 m (558 ft).[1]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Rahmawati, Debby (2011). "Jatigede Dam" (in Indonesian). Department of Civil Engineering University Gunadarma. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "PLTA Jatigede will Finish by 2014" (in Indonesian). Department of Energy, Indonesia. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ Arya Dipa, 'Jokowi's social impact policy on Jatigede dam rejected', The Jakarta Post, 24 January 2015.
- ^ "Jatigede dam campaign gains momentum". Down to Earth. May 2004. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ a b "INDONESIA: Government to go ahead with Jatigede dam project". Jakarta Post (via Water Conserve). 9 August 2004. Retrieved 20 January 2012.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Construction of Jatigede Dam" (in Indonesian). Government of Sumedang District. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "Residents lose court battle over Jatigede dam project". The Jakarta Post. 26 July 2007. Archived from the original on 27 November 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "High Sedimentation Threatens Jatigede Reservoir". Investor Daily (via Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative). 5 August 2011. Archived from the original on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "Chinese firm signed to build Indonesia's 110-MW Jatigede". Hydro World. 25 May 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "Jatigede Dam Tunnel Complete". TV One. 4 August 2011. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "Jatigede Dam Construction 60 Percent Completed". Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative. 4 October 2011. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ a b "Next Year, PLN will be Ready to Develop PLTA Jatigede and Merangin" (in Indonesian). Department of Energy, Indonesia. 4 July 2011. Archived from the original on 1 September 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ "PLN ready to build Jatigede hydro power plant". Antara News. 15 December 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ Nurfika Osman, 'Jatigede Dam to be operational by 2014', The Jakarta Post, 18 May 2013.
- ^ "Jatigede Dam Pushed Back to 2014". The Indonesia Today. 4 July 2011. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ^ Natahadibrata, Nadya (3 December 2014). "29 new dams to operate by 2019". Jakarta Post. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ^ "Pembangunan PLTA Jati Gede Mulai Januari 2015" (in Indonesian). 20 December 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
- ^ "Govt Starts Flooding Jatigede Dam". Jakarta Globe. Investor Daily. 1 September 2015. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 September 2015.