Isotopes of antimony

Isotopes of antimony (₅₁Sb)
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Sb)
	121.760±0.001; 121.76±0.01 (abridged);
	view; talk; edit;

Antimony (₅₁Sb) occurs in two stable isotopes, ¹²¹Sb and ¹²³Sb. There are 37 artificial radioactive isotopes, the longest-lived of which are ¹²⁵Sb, with a half-life of 2.75856 years; ¹²⁴Sb, with half-life 60.2 days; and ¹²⁶Sb, with half-life 12.35 days. All other isotopes have half-lives less than 4 days, most less than an hour. There are also many isomers, the longest-lived of which is ^120m1Sb with half-life 5.76 days.

Except for beryllium, antimony is the lightest element observed to have isotopes capable of alpha decay; ¹⁰⁴Sb is seen to undergo this mode of decay. Some light elements, namely those near ⁸Be, have isotopes with delayed alpha emission (following proton or beta emission) as a rare branch.

List of isotopes

Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Z	N	Isotopic mass (Da)^[4] ^{[n 2]}^{[n 3]}	Half-life^[1]	Decay mode^[1] ^{[n 4]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 5]}^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity^[1] ^{[n 7]}^{[n 8]}	Natural abundance (mole fraction)
Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Excitation energy^{[n 8]}			Half-life^[1]	Decay mode^[1] ^{[n 4]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 5]}^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity^[1] ^{[n 7]}^{[n 8]}	Normal proportion^[1]	Range of variation
¹⁰⁴Sb	51	53	103.93634(11)#	470(130) ms	β?	¹⁰⁴Sn
					p (<7%)	¹⁰³Sn
					β, p (<7%)	¹⁰³In
					α?	¹⁰⁰In
¹⁰⁵Sb	51	54	104.931277(23)	1.12(16) s	β (>99.9%)	¹⁰⁵Sn	(5/2 )
					p (<0.1%)	¹⁰⁴Sn
					β, p?	¹⁰⁴In
¹⁰⁶Sb	51	55	105.9286380(80)	0.6(2) s	β	¹⁰⁶Sn	(2 )
^106mSb	103.5(3) keV			226(14) ns	IT	¹⁰⁶Sb	(4 )
¹⁰⁷Sb	51	56	106.9241506(45)	4.0(2) s	β	¹⁰⁷Sn	5/2 #
¹⁰⁸Sb	51	57	107.9222267(59)	7.4(3) s	β	¹⁰⁸Sn	(4 )
¹⁰⁹Sb	51	58	108.9181412(57)	17.2(5) s	β	¹⁰⁹Sn	5/2 #
¹¹⁰Sb	51	59	109.9168543(64)	23.6(3) s	β	¹¹⁰Sn	(3 )
¹¹¹Sb	51	60	110.9132182(95)	75(1) s	β	¹¹¹Sn	(5/2 )
¹¹²Sb	51	61	111.912400(19)	53.5(6) s	β	¹¹²Sn	(3 )
^112mSb	825.9(4) keV			536(22) ns	IT	¹¹²Sb	(8−)
¹¹³Sb	51	62	112.909375(18)	6.67(7) min	β	¹¹³Sn	5/2
¹¹⁴Sb	51	63	113.909289(21)	3.49(3) min	β	¹¹⁴Sn	3
^114mSb	495.5(7) keV			219(12) μs	IT	¹¹⁴Sb	(8−)
¹¹⁵Sb	51	64	114.906598(17)	32.1(3) min	β	¹¹⁵Sn	5/2
^115mSb	2796.26(9) keV			159(3) ns	IT	¹¹⁵Sb	(19/2)−
¹¹⁶Sb	51	65	115.9067927(55)	15.8(8) min	β	¹¹⁶Sn	3
^116m1Sb	93.99(5) keV			194(4) ns	IT	¹¹⁶Sb	1
^116m2Sb	390(40) keV			60.3(6) min	β	¹¹⁶Sn	8−
¹¹⁷Sb	51	66	116.9048415(91)	2.97(2) h	β	¹¹⁷Sn	5/2
^117m1Sb	3130.76(19) keV			355(17) μs	IT	¹¹⁷Sb	(25/2)
^117m2Sb	3230.7(2) keV			290(5) ns	IT	¹¹⁷Sb	(23/2−)
¹¹⁸Sb	51	67	117.9055322(32)	3.6(1) min	β	¹¹⁸Sn	1
^118m1Sb	50.814(21) keV			20.6(6) μs	IT	¹¹⁸Sb	3
^118m2Sb	250(6) keV			5.01(3) h	β	¹¹⁸Sn	8−
¹¹⁹Sb	51	68	118.9039441(75)	38.19(22) h	EC	¹¹⁹Sn	5/2
^119m1Sb	2553.6(3) keV			130(3) ns	IT	¹¹⁹Sb	19/2−
^119m2Sb	2841.7(4) keV			835(81) ms	IT	¹¹⁹Sb	25/2
¹²⁰Sb	51	69	119.9050803(77)	15.89(4) min	β	¹²⁰Sn	1
^120m1Sb^{[n 9]}	0(100)# keV			5.76(2) d	β	¹²⁰Sn	8−
^120m2Sb	78.16(5) keV			246(2) ns	IT	¹²⁰Sb	(3 )
^120m3Sb	2328(100)# keV			400(8) ns	IT	¹²⁰Sb	13
¹²¹Sb^{[n 10]}	51	70	120.9038114(27)	Stable			5/2	0.5721(5)
^121mSb	2751(17) keV			179(6) μs	IT	¹²¹Sb	(25/2 )
¹²²Sb	51	71	121.9051693(27)	2.7238(2) d	β⁻ (97.59%)	¹²²Te	2−
¹²²Sb	51	71	121.9051693(27)	2.7238(2) d	β (2.41%)	¹²²Sn	2−
^122m1Sb	61.4131(5) keV			1.86(8) μs	IT	¹²²Sb	3
^122m2Sb	137.4726(8) keV			0.53(3) ms	IT	¹²²Sb	5
^122m3Sb	163.5591(17) keV			4.191(3) min	IT	¹²²Sb	8−
¹²³Sb^{[n 10]}	51	72	122.9042153(15)	Stable			7/2	0.4279(5)
^123m1Sb	2237.8(3) keV			214(3) ns	IT	¹²³Sb	19/2−
^123m2Sb	2613.4(4) keV			65(1) μs	IT	¹²³Sb	23/2
¹²⁴Sb	51	73	123.9059371(15)	60.20(3) d	β⁻	¹²⁴Te	3−
^124m1Sb	10.8627(8) keV			93(5) s	IT (75%)	¹²⁴Sb	5
^124m1Sb	10.8627(8) keV			93(5) s	β⁻ (25%)	¹²⁴Te	5
^124m2Sb	36.8440(14) keV			20.2(2) min	IT	^124m1Sb	(8)−
^124m3Sb	40.8038(7) keV			3.2(3) μs	IT	¹²⁴Sb	(3 )
¹²⁵Sb	51	74	124.9052543(27)	2.7576(11) y	β⁻	¹²⁵Te	7/2
^125m1Sb	1971.25(20) keV			4.1(2) μs	IT	¹²⁵Sb	15/2−
^125m2Sb	2112.1(3) keV			28.5(5) μs	IT	¹²⁵Sb	19/2−
^125m3Sb	2471.0(4) keV			277.0(64) ns	IT	¹²⁵Sb	(23/2)
¹²⁶Sb	51	75	125.907253(34)	12.35(6) d	β⁻	¹²⁶Te	8−
^126m1Sb	17.7(3) keV			19.15(8) min	β⁻ (86%)	¹²⁶Te	5
^126m1Sb	17.7(3) keV			19.15(8) min	IT (14%)	¹²⁶Sb	5
^126m2Sb	40.4(3) keV			~11 s	IT	^126m1Sb	3−
^126m3Sb	104.6(3) keV			553(5) ns	IT	¹²⁶Sb	3
^126m4Sb	1810.7(17) keV			90(16) ns	IT	¹²⁶Sb	(13 )
¹²⁷Sb	51	76	126.9069256(55)	3.85(5) d	β⁻	¹²⁷Te	7/2
^127m1Sb	1920.19(21) keV			11.7(1) μs	IT	¹²⁷Sb	15/2−
^127m2Sb	2324.7(4) keV			269(5) ns	IT	¹²⁷Sb	23/2
¹²⁸Sb	51	77	127.909146(20)	9.05(4) h	β⁻	¹²⁸Te	8−
^128m1Sb^{[n 9]}	10(6) keV			10.41(18) min	β⁻ (96.4%)	¹²⁸Te	5
^128m1Sb^{[n 9]}	10(6) keV			10.41(18) min	IT (3.6%)	¹²⁸Sb	5
^128m2Sb	1617.3(7) keV			500(20) ns	IT	¹²⁸Sb	(11 )
^128m3Sb	1769.9(12) keV			217(7) ns	IT	¹²⁸Sb	(13 )
¹²⁹Sb	51	78	128.909147(23)	4.366(26) h	β⁻	¹²⁹Te	7/2
^129m1Sb	1851.31(6) keV			17.7(1) min	β⁻ (85%)	¹²⁹Te	19/2−
^129m1Sb	1851.31(6) keV			17.7(1) min	IT (15%)	¹²⁹Sb	19/2−
^129m2Sb	1861.06(5) keV			2.23(17) μs	IT	¹²⁹Sb	15/2−
^129m3Sb	2139.4(3) keV			0.89(3) μs	IT	¹²⁹Sb	23/2
¹³⁰Sb	51	79	129.911663(15)	39.5(8) min	β⁻	¹³⁰Te	8−
^130m1Sb	4.80(20) keV			6.3(2) min	β⁻	¹³⁰Te	4
^130m2Sb	84.67(4) keV			800(100) ns	IT	¹³⁰Sb	6−
^130m3Sb	1508(1) keV			600(15) ns	IT	¹³⁰Sb	(11 )
^130m4Sb	1544.7(5) keV			1.25(1) μs	IT	¹³⁰Sb	(13 )
¹³¹Sb	51	80	130.9119893(22)	23.03(4) min	β⁻	¹³¹Te	7/2
^131m1Sb	1676.06(6) keV			64.2(26) μs	IT	¹³¹Sb	15/2−
^131m2Sb	1687.2(9) keV			4.3(8) μs	IT	¹³¹Sb	19/2−
^131m3Sb	2165.6(15) keV			0.97(3) μs	IT	¹³¹Sb	23/2
¹³²Sb	51	81	131.9145141(29)^[5]	2.79(7) min	β⁻	¹³²Te	(4)
^132m1Sb	139.3(20) keV^[5]			4.10(5) min	β⁻	¹³²Te	(8−)
^132m2Sb	254.5(3) keV			102(4) ns	IT	¹³²Sb	(6−)
¹³³Sb	51	82	132.9152721(34)	2.34(5) min	β⁻	¹³³Te	(7/2 )
^133mSb	4541(9) keV			16.54(19) μs	IT	¹³³Sb	(21/2 )
¹³⁴Sb	51	83	133.9205373(33)	674(4) ms	β⁻	¹³⁴Te	(0-)
¹³⁴Sb	51	83	133.9205373(33)	674(4) ms	β⁻, n?	¹³³Te	(0-)
^134mSb	279(1) keV			10.01(4) s	β⁻ (99.91%)	¹³⁴Te	(7−)
^134mSb	279(1) keV			10.01(4) s	β⁻, n (0.088%)	¹³³Te	(7−)
¹³⁵Sb	51	84	134.9251844(28)	1.668(9) s	β⁻ (80.9%)	¹³⁵Te	(7/2 )
¹³⁵Sb	51	84	134.9251844(28)	1.668(9) s	β⁻, n (19.1%)	¹³⁴Te	(7/2 )
¹³⁶Sb	51	85	135.9307490(63)	0.923(14) s	β⁻ (75.2%)	¹³⁶Te	(1−)
					β⁻, n (24.7%)	¹³⁵Te
					β⁻, 2n (0.14%)	¹³⁴Te
^136mSb	269.3(5) keV			570(5) ns	IT	¹³⁶Sb	(6−)
¹³⁷Sb	51	86	136.935523(56)	497(21) ms	β⁻ (51%)	¹³⁷Te	7/2 #
					β⁻, n (49%)	¹³⁶Te
					β⁻, 2n?	¹³⁵Te
¹³⁸Sb	51	87	137.94133(32)#	333(7) ms	β⁻, n (72%)	¹³⁷Te	(3−)
					β⁻ (28%)	¹³⁸Te
					β⁻, 2n?	¹³⁶Te
¹³⁹Sb	51	88	138.94627(43)#	182(9) ms	β⁻, n (90%)	¹³⁸Te	7/2 #
					β⁻ (10%)	¹³⁹Te
					β⁻, 2n?	¹³⁷Te
¹⁴⁰Sb	51	89	139.95235(64)#	170(6) ms	β⁻ (69%)	¹⁴⁰Te	(3−)
					β⁻, n (23%)	¹³⁹Te
					β⁻, 2n (7.6%)	¹³⁸Te
^140mSb	330(30)# keV			41(8) μs	IT	¹⁴⁰Sb	(6−,7−)
¹⁴¹Sb	51	90	140.95755(54)#	103(29) ms	β⁻	¹⁴¹Te	7/2 #
					β⁻, n?	¹⁴⁰Te
					β⁻, 2n?	¹³⁹Te
¹⁴²Sb	51	91	141.96392(32)#	80(50) ms	β⁻	¹⁴²Te
					β⁻, n?	¹⁴¹Te
					β⁻, 2n?	¹³⁰Te
This table header & footer: view

^ ^mSb – Excited nuclear isomer.
^ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
^ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
^ Modes of decay:

EC: Electron capture

IT: Isomeric transition

n: Neutron emission

p: Proton emission
^ Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
^ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
^ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
^ ^a ^b # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
^ ^a ^b Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.
^ ^a ^b Fission product

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Antimony". CIAAW. 1993.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
^ ^a ^b Jaries, A.; Stryjczyk, M.; Kankainen, A.; Ayoubi, L. Al; Beliuskina, O.; Canete, L.; de Groote, R. P.; Delafosse, C.; Delahaye, P.; Eronen, T.; Flayol, M.; Ge, Z.; Geldhof, S.; Gins, W.; Hukkanen, M.; Imgram, P.; Kahl, D.; Kostensalo, J.; Kujanpää, S.; Kumar, D.; Moore, I. D.; Mougeot, M.; Nesterenko, D. A.; Nikas, S.; Patel, D.; Penttilä, H.; Pitman-Weymouth, D.; Pohjalainen, I.; Raggio, A.; Ramalho, M.; Reponen, M.; Rinta-Antila, S.; de Roubin, A.; Ruotsalainen, J.; Srivastava, P. C.; Suhonen, J.; Vilen, M.; Virtanen, V.; Zadvornaya, A. "Physical Review C - Accepted Paper: Isomeric states of fission fragments explored via Penning trap mass spectrometry at IGISOL". journals.aps.org. arXiv:2403.04710.

Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
"News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 October 2005.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

[4] Sb – Excited nuclear isomer.

[6] ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.

[TMS-7] # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).

[8] Modes of decay:

EC: Electron capture

IT: Isomeric transition

n: Neutron emission

p: Proton emission

[9] Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.

[10] Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.

[11] ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.

[TNN-12] # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).

[order-13] Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.

[FP-14] Fission product

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[2] "Standard Atomic Weights: Antimony". CIAAW. 1993.

[CIAAW2021-3] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[AME2020_II-5] Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.

[jaries2024-15] Jaries, A.; Stryjczyk, M.; Kankainen, A.; Ayoubi, L. Al; Beliuskina, O.; Canete, L.; de Groote, R. P.; Delafosse, C.; Delahaye, P.; Eronen, T.; Flayol, M.; Ge, Z.; Geldhof, S.; Gins, W.; Hukkanen, M.; Imgram, P.; Kahl, D.; Kostensalo, J.; Kujanpää, S.; Kumar, D.; Moore, I. D.; Mougeot, M.; Nesterenko, D. A.; Nikas, S.; Patel, D.; Penttilä, H.; Pitman-Weymouth, D.; Pohjalainen, I.; Raggio, A.; Ramalho, M.; Reponen, M.; Rinta-Antila, S.; de Roubin, A.; Ruotsalainen, J.; Srivastava, P. C.; Suhonen, J.; Vilen, M.; Virtanen, V.; Zadvornaya, A. "Physical Review C - Accepted Paper: Isomeric states of fission fragments explored via Penning trap mass spectrometry at IGISOL". journals.aps.org. arXiv:2403.04710.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[n 1]

[4]

[n 2]

[n 3]

[n 4]

[n 5]

[n 6]

[n 7]

[n 8]

[n 9]

[n 10]

[5]