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Gustavo Borges

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For the Brazilian comics writer, see Gustavo Borges (artist).

Gustavo Borges
Gustavo Borges in 2003
Personal information
Full nameGustavo França Borges
National team Brazil
Born (1972-12-02) 2 December 1972 (age 51)
Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo
Height2.03 m (6 ft 8 in)
Weight98 kg (216 lb)
Sport
SportSwimming
StrokesFreestyle
ClubPinheiros, Vasco da Gama
College teamUniversity of Michigan
Medal record
Men's swimming
Representing Brazil
Event 1st 2nd 3rd
Olympic Games 0 2 2
World Championships (LC) 0 0 2
World Championships (SC) 4 4 2
Pan American Games 8 6 3
Universiade 0 2 0
Total 12 14 9
Olympic Games
Silver medal – second place 1992 Barcelona 100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1996 Atlanta 200 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 1996 Atlanta 100 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 2000 Sydney 4×100 m freestyle
World Championships (LC)
Bronze medal – third place 1994 Rome 100 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 1994 Rome 4×100 m freestyle
World Championships (SC)
Gold medal – first place 1993 Palma 4×100 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1995 Rio 200 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1995 Rio 4×100 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1997 Gothenburg 200 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1993 Palma 100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1995 Rio 100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1997 Gothenburg 100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 2002 Moscow 200 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 1993 Palma 4×200 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 1995 Rio 4×200 m freestyle
Pan American Games
Gold medal – first place 1991 Havana 100 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1991 Havana 4×100 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1995 Mar del Plata 100 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1995 Mar del Plata 200 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1999 Winnipeg 200 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1999 Winnipeg 4×100 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 1999 Winnipeg 4×100 m medley
Gold medal – first place 2003 Santo Domingo 4×100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1991 Havana 200 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1991 Havana 4×200 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1995 Mar del Plata 4×100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1995 Mar del Plata 4×200 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1995 Mar del Plata 4×100 m Medley
Silver medal – second place 1999 Winnipeg 4×200 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 2003 Santo Domingo 4×200 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 1991 Havana 50 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 1999 Winnipeg 100 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 2003 Santo Domingo 100 m freestyle
Summer Universiade
Silver medal – second place 1995 Fukuoka 100 m freestyle
Silver medal – second place 1995 Fukuoka 4×100 m freestyle

Gustavo França Borges (born 2 December 1972) is a Brazilian former competitive swimmer.[1] He swam for Brazil in four Summer Olympic Games: 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2004. Borges has won the fourth-most Olympic medals of any Brazilian, with four —one in 1992, two in 1996 and one in 2000—only behind sailors Robert Scheidt and Torben Grael and canoeist Isaquias Queiroz with five, and gymnast Rebeca Andrade with six. He also has eight Pan American Games gold medals, the third-most of any Brazilian and only behind swimmer Thiago Pereira and table tennis player Hugo Hoyama. Borges was Brazil's flagbearer for the Closing Ceremony at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Borges' first medal was silver, which he won in the 100-meter freestyle at the 1992 Olympics, which he received after a delay because his lane's timer was not working, and the judges had to review video recordings of the race to verify his place.[2] Borges even overcame his idol, Matt Biondi, to win the silver medal.

Borges lives in São Paulo, where he runs his own swimming school.[3] He used to live in the United States in Jacksonville, Florida and in Ann Arbor, Michigan while he was still a student. He attended university at the University of Michigan in the mid-1990s, where he swam for the university's team, coached by Jon Urbanchek and graduated with a degree in Economics.[4] His teammates at Michigan included Eric Namesnik and Marcel Wouda in the mid-1990s.

Beginning

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Borges was born in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, but lived in Ituverava throughout his childhood. In 1981, at the age of nine, he represented his school, coming third place in a race of 50-meter freestyle, his first podium finish. Before this, he had participated in swimming lessons at Associação Atlética Ituveravense.[5] In 1984, in São João da Boa Vista, Gustavo won his first medal in official competitions in a 100-meter breaststroke race. Borges was a runner-up of the São Paulo state, and runner-up of the Teto Olímpico at breaststroke, category 11/12 years.[5]

In 1987, Borges was 15 years old and swimming for the Associação Atlética Francana. He won the bronze medal in the 100-meter freestyle and silver in the 50-meter freestyle at the São Paulo Swimming Championship, Youth category A / B. In this year, Borges left Ituverava, moved to São Carlos and defended the São Carlos Clube. In 1988, at the São Paulo's Summer Youth Championship, he was a champion in the 50-meter freestyle and silver in the 100-meter freestyle. Borges' times were already good enough to participate in the Brazilian Championship, Júlio Delamare Trophy.[5]

In 1991, Borges joined The Bolles School in Jacksonville and instantly became one of the top prep swimmers in the United States.[citation needed] He was the primary swimmer on Bolles' 1991 400 Freestyle Relay team that set a national high-school record with a 2:59.98.[citation needed] That relay, which broke the old national record by 1.70 seconds, would go on to be met with controversy in the coming years regarding its claim as the national mark.[citation needed] This was due to the fact that the Florida high-school season takes place in the fall, but the meet in which the record was set occurred at a prep school invitational in Philadelphia in February 1991. The relay would stand as the fastest-ever swam by a high-school team until 2012.

International career

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1989: National prominence

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In 1989, after joining the Esporte Clube Pinheiros, Gustavo Borges began to gain national fame; when he was only 17 years old, he began beating the swimmer Cristiano Michelena, which held hegemony in the 100-meter and 200-meter in Brazil. He won the Brazil Trophy, the biggest tournament in the country, winning two gold medals in the 50-meter and 100-meter freestyle.[5]

1990: Steps to the outside

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In 1990, Borges began to succeed in international competitions. In the South American championship held in Rosario, Argentina, he won gold in all three events he competed in; the 50-meter freestyle, the 4×100-meter freestyle and the 4×200-meter freestyle. In July, at the Jose Finkel Trophy—the Brazilian short course championship—he became the first Brazilian to make the 100-meter freestyle under 49 seconds with a time of 48.59 seconds, and was summoned to swim in the 1991 World Aquatics Championships in Perth, Australia. The same year, indicated by Maria Lenk, Borges went to the United States to study at Bolles School in Jacksonville, Florida.[5]

1991: Pan Champion

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At the 1991 World Aquatics Championships, Borges finished in 12th in the 100-meter freestyle, breaking the South American record with a time of 50.77 seconds, and also in the 50-meter freestyle (23.15 seconds).[5] He also finished 28th in the 200-meter freestyle.[6] Borges won his first important international medals in the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana. He won the 100-meter freestyle where he set a Pan Am Games record, and was silver medalist in 200-meter freestyle and bronze in the 50-meter freestyle, breaking the South American record.[5][7] He also won gold in the 4×100-meter freestyle, and silver in the 4×200-meter freestyle.[7]

1992: From Brazil, to the World

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In 1992, Gustavo Borges broke the Brazilian Olympic medals fasting in swimming, which was set at the 1984 Summer Olympics when Ricardo Prado won the silver in the 400-meter individual medley. Participating in his first Olympics the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Borges won the silver medal in the 100-meter freestyle with a time of 49.43 seconds, a South American record,[8] losing the gold to Alexander Popov. Borges was ranked sixth in the 4×100-meter freestyle, seventh in the 4×200-meter freestyle, 13th in the 50-meter freestyle and 22nd in the 200-meter freestyle.[5][9][10]

1993: Champion, and World Record holder

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In 1993, Borges broke three world records on the short course. The first was on 2 July, at the Jose Finkel Trophy in Santos, Brazil. Borges's time was 47.94 seconds in the 100-metre freestyle, setting a record that lasted until 1 January 1994, when it broken by Alexander Popov. On 7 July, the Brazilian team comprising Fernando Scherer, Teófilo Ferreira, José Carlos Souza and Gustavo Borges broke the world record in the 4×100-meter freestyle with a time of 3:13.97; the previous record time of 3:14.00.had been set by Sweden on 19 March 1989. On 5 December, Brazil again beat the world record with the same team, with a time of 3:12.11.[5] This mark was achieved in 1993 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m), which Borges won. He also won gold in the 4×100-meter freestyle, silver in the 100-meter freestyle and bronze in 4×200-meter freestyle—breaking the South American record with a time of 7:09.38. He also finished fifth in the 4×100-meter medley, along with Maurício Menezes, José Carlos Souza and Rogério Romero, and fifth in the 200-meter freestyle.

1994: Two bronzes

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At the September 1994 World Aquatics Championships in Rome, Borges won bronze in the 100-meter freestyle and in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay.[5][10] He also finished fourth in the 50-meter freestyle and 11th in the 200-meter freestyle.[11]

1995: Two-times World and Pan champion

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1995 was an important year for Borges. In March at the 1995 Pan American Games held in Argentina, he became two-time champion of the 100-meter freestyle and won gold in the 200-meter freestyle, both with Pan Am Games records. He won two more silver medals in the 4×100-meter and 4×200-meter freestyle events.[12] In August, he went to the 1995 Summer Universiade, where he won two silver medals in the 100-meter freestyle and 4×100-meter freestyle. At the end of the year, at the 1995 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) in Rio de Janeiro, Borges became two-time 4×100-meter freestyle champion. He also won the 200-meter freestyle gold, breaking the South American record, with a time of 1:45.55, silver in the 100-meter freestyle and bronze in the 4×200-meter freestyle.[10][13][14]

1996: Two Olympic medals

[edit]

Borges participated in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, and became the first Brazilian to win three Olympic medals, a feat achieved by Torben Grael in the same games. Borges won the silver medal in the 200-meter freestyle with a time of 1:48.08, and bronze in the 100-meter freestyle with a time of 49.02 seconds, both South American records. The 100-meter freestyle record was only beaten by Fernando Scherer in August 1998, and the 200-metre freestyle was only beaten by Rodrigo Castro in 2008. Borges also finished fourth in the 4×100-meter freestyle and 12th in the 50-meter freestyle.[5][10]

1997: The fourth World's gold

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At the 1997 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m), Borges won gold in the 200-meter freestyle and silver in the 100-meter freestyle.[10][14] He also finished sixth in the 50-meter freestyle.

1998: The fourth World Record

[edit]

At the 1998 World Aquatics Championships in Perth, Australia, Borges finished fifth in the 100-meter freestyle, eighth in the 200-meter freestyle and sixth in the 4×100-meter freestyle.[15] At the end of 1998, Borges was part of the Brazilian team which broke its third consecutive world record in the 4×100-metre freestyle relay on short course. On 20 December, shortly after the end of the Jose Finkel Trophy, Fernando Scherer, Carlos Jayme, Alexandre Massura and Gustavo Borges, in order, fell the pool at Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama with a time of 3:10.45, which would only be broken in 2000 by the Swedish team.[5][16] At the same tournament, Borges also broke the South American record in the 100-meter freestyle in short course with a time of 47.14 seconds and the 200-meter freestyle record with a time of 1:44.40—the last record-breaking swims of his career.

1999: The best Pan

[edit]

In the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Borges led Brazil to its best Pan American Games swimming result of all time. In the 4×100-meter medley, a team comprising Borges, Alexandre Massura, Fernando Scherer and Marcelo Tomazini won the medley relay for the first time in the Pan's history with a time of 3:40.27, breaking the Pan American Games and South American records and securing a place in the 2000 Summer Olympics. He also won the gold in the 200-meter freestyle and 4×100-meter freestyle—breaking the South American record—silver in the 4×200-meter freestyle—also breaking the South American record—bronze in the 100-meter freestyle,[5][17][18] and finished fourth in the 50-meter freestyle.[19] In this tournament, he joined Hugo Hoyama and Claudio Kano as Brazilians who won the most gold medals in the event's history, with seven each. Borges also broke the national record for medals at the Games, with 15l. This year, Borges' first son, Luiz Gustavo, was born.[5][17]

2000: Four medals in three Olympics

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The 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney saw Borges' last Olympic podium finish, when along with Edvaldo Valério, Carlos Jayme and Fernando Scherer, he won the bronze in the 4×100-meter freestyle with a time of 3:17.40. Australia broke the world record and took the gold with a time of 3:13.67. Borges also participated in the 100-meter freestyle, finishing in 16th position.[5][10] During the Games, Gustavo was chosen by FINA to be part of a team of 12 athletes who would form a committee from 2000 to 2005. He was the only South American representative on the list. Brazil became one of the countries with a large representation within the Federation. Also in 2000, Borges started preparing to end his career and become an entrepreneur.[5]

2002: The last world medal

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At the 2002 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) in Moscow, Borges won a silver in the 200-meter freestyle; it was his last FINA world medal.[5][20] He also finished fourth in the 4×200-meter freestyle, with a time of 0.4s, which won him the bronze medal.[21] Borges was in fifth place in the 4×100-meter freestyle,[22] seventh place in the 100-metre freestyle[23] and seventh place in the 4×100-metre medley[24] In this tournament, Borges broke—for the last time in his career—the South American record in short course in the 4×200-meter freestyle, with a time of 7:09.14,[25] and in the 4×100-meter medley with 3:35.59.[26][27]

2003: Last Pan

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In July, at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Borges was in the 4×100-meter freestyle team, which finished in 12th place'[28] He was also in teams for the 4×200-meter freestyle—which finished ninth[29] and the 4×100-meter medley—which finished 17th.[30]

In August 2003 at the age of 30, Borges took part in the 2003 Pan American Games—his fourth and final Pan American Games—which were held in Santo Domingo. He established himself as the greatest Brazilian medalist in the history of the tournament, having won 19 podium finishes, eight gold medals, eight silver and three bronze. In these Games, Borges helped Brazil's swimming team to win 21 medals—a record. Borges won gold in the 4×100-meter freestyle, silver in 4×200-meter freestyle, and bronze in the 100-meter freestyle.[31][32]

Also in 2003, Borges launches a book titled "Lessons from the water". He also became an entrepreneur, managing the Gustavo Borges Natação e Fitness in Curitiba.[5]

2004: Retirement from professional swimming

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Gustavo Borges carrying the 2007 Pan American Games's torch

At the age of 31, Borges retired from swimming after competing in the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. His only event was the qualifying for the 4×100-meter freestyle, in which Brazil finished in 12th place and did not reach the finals.[5][10] Having previously missed four opening ceremonies due to swimming contests the next day, and never witnessing any Brazilian medal other than Scherer in 1996, Borges decided to watch the rest of the Olympics, and was Brazil's flag bearer at the closing ceremony.[33][34]

Hall of Fame

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In 2012, Borges joined the International Swimming Hall of Fame, becoming the second Brazilian to be honored by the institution – the first was Maria Lenk in 1988.[35]

Records

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Gustavo Borges is the former holder of the following records:[36]

Race Time Date Record Pool
50m freestyle [37] 22.82 August 1991 South American Long Course
100m freestyle 49.02 22 July 1996 South American Long Course
200m freestyle[38] 1:48.08 20 July 1996 South American Long Course
4 × 100 m freestyle[39] 3:17.18 August 1999 South American Long Course
4 × 200 m freestyle[40][41] 7:22.92 August 1999 South American Long Course
4 × 100 m medley[42] 3:40.27 August 1999 South American Long Course
50m freestyle 21.90 27 June 1997 Brazilian Short Course
100m freestyle[43][44] 47.14 19 December 1998 South American Short Course
200m freestyle[44][45] 1:44.40 18 December 1998 South American Short Course
4 × 100 m freestyle[46] 3:10.45 20 December 1998 World Short Course
4 × 200 m freestyle[25] 7:09.14 4 April 2002 South American Short Course
4 × 100 m medley[26][47] 3:35.59 7 April 2002 South American Short Course

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Borges entry from sports-reference.com; retrieved 24 March 2012.
  2. ^ (in Portuguese) Gustavo Borges profile, UOL Olimpíadas
  3. ^ (in Portuguese) Academia Gustavo Borges
  4. ^ "Perfil Gustavo Borges". Gustavo Borges Oficial. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Gustavo Borges' History". Gustavo Borges-Official Site (in Portuguese). 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  6. ^ "Results at 1991 Perth" (PDF). USA Swimming. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  7. ^ a b "Brazil medals at 1991 Pan". UOL (in Portuguese). 2007. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  8. ^ "From Ituverava to the gallery of heroes in an Olympic year". O Globo (in Portuguese). July 29, 1992. Archived from the original on January 16, 2014. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  9. ^ "Brazilian swimming's olympic medals". Estadão (in Portuguese). 16 August 2008. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g "Profile at Sports Reference". Sports Reference. 2012. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  11. ^ "Results at 1994 Rome" (PDF). USA Swimming. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  12. ^ "Brazil medals at 1995 Pan". UOL (in Portuguese). 2007. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  13. ^ O GLOBO News Archive - December 1, 1995, Morning, Sports, page 30
  14. ^ a b HistoFINA, Volumes IIIa (2008 ed) Archived 27 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine and IIIb (2008 ed) Archived 9 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine. ("HistoFINA" is the FINA's history. Volume III is about the World Short Course Swimming, part "a" has the statistics of the male part "b" of the female.
  15. ^ "Results at 1998 Perth" (PDF). USA Swimming. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  16. ^ "Rebeca Record is approved". CBDA (in Portuguese). 22 August 2001. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  17. ^ a b "Current Brazil wants to overcome 1999 Brazil". Globoesporte (in Portuguese). 20 July 2003. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  18. ^ "Brazil medals at 1999 Pan". UOL (in Portuguese). 2007. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  19. ^ 1999 Full results by Swimnews
  20. ^ "Brazil is fifth in the final in the 4×100-metre freestyle". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). 3 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  21. ^ "Results of the 4×200-metre freestyle at 2002 Moscow". OmegaTiming. 4 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  22. ^ "Results of the 4×100-metre freestyle at 2002 Moscow". OmegaTiming. 3 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  23. ^ "Results of the 100-metre freestyle at 2002 Moscow". OmegaTiming. 7 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  24. ^ "Results of the 4×100-metre medley at 2002 Moscow". OmegaTiming. 7 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  25. ^ a b "Brazil's Relay loses bronze for 0.4 s in the World Championship". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). 4 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  26. ^ a b "Brazilian Success at 25 meters". CBDA (in Portuguese). 11 October 2004. Archived from the original on 18 February 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  27. ^ "Results of the 4×100-metre medley at 2002 Moscow". OmegaTiming (in Portuguese). 7 April 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  28. ^ "Results of the 4×100-metre freestyle at 2003 Barcelona". OmegaTiming. 20 July 2003. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  29. ^ "Results of the 4×200-metre freestyle at 2003 Barcelona". OmegaTiming. 23 July 2003. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  30. ^ "Results of the 4×100-metre medley at 2003 Barcelona". OmegaTiming. 27 July 2003. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  31. ^ "Brazil medals at 2003 Pan". UOL (in Portuguese). 2007. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  32. ^ "Ten historic achievements of Brazil in the Pan". Globoesporte (in Portuguese). 13 June 2007. Retrieved 7 April 2013.[permanent dead link‍]
  33. ^ Borges encerra carreira gloriosa com final melancólico
  34. ^ Festa de encerramento transfere a Olimpíada de Atenas para Pequim
  35. ^ "Olympic medalist, Gustavo Borges enters the Hall of Fame". Globoesporte (in Portuguese). 9 May 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  36. ^ "Men's Swimming Records". CBDA (in Portuguese). 2013. Archived from the original on 6 October 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  37. ^ "Men monopolize Olympic swimming". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). July 6, 1992. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  38. ^ "Rodrigo Castro breaks last South American record of Gustavo Borges". UOL (in Portuguese). 10 August 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  39. ^ "Brazilian relay enters the final and the Olympics". CBDA (in Portuguese). 25 March 2007. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  40. ^ "4×200m medley team regrets staying off the end for small difference". COB (in Portuguese). August 17, 2004. Archived from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  41. ^ "Brazil medals at 1999 Pan". UOL (in Portuguese). 2007. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  42. ^ "Super team hits Winnipeg's record". CBDA (in Portuguese). 9 September 2006. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  43. ^ "Cielo hits Borges's brazilian record, and Meolans's South American record". CBDA (in Portuguese). 23 November 2007. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  44. ^ a b "Gustavo Borges in good shape". UOL (in Portuguese). December 20, 1998. Archived from the original on August 7, 2007. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  45. ^ "Two South American records in South-Brazilian". Best Swimming (in Portuguese). 22 May 2009. Archived from the original on 23 May 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  46. ^ "In 1998, Brazil beat the world record 4×100 freestyle relay". Globoesporte (in Portuguese). 21 December 1998. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  47. ^ "Results of the 4×100m relay at 2002 Moscow" (PDF). OmegaTiming. 7 April 2002. Retrieved 8 May 2013.[permanent dead link‍]
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Records
Preceded by World Record Holder
Men's 100m Freestyle (25m)
2 July 1993 – January 1994 		Succeeded by
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