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Energy in Slovakia

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Ižkovce Gas pipeline - panoramio

Primary energy use in Slovakia was 194 TWh and 36 TWh per million inhabitants in 2009.[1]

Statistics

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2020 energy statistics[2]
Production capacities for electricity
(billion kWh)
Type Amount
Nuclear 38.18
Fossil fuel 13.58
Hydro 11.58
Biomass 3.86
Wind power 1.90
Solar 1.65
Total 65.75
     
Electricity
(billion kWh)
Category Amount
Consumption 26.50
Production 27.77
Import 13.29
Export 12.97
     
Natural Gas
(billion m3)
Consumption 4.93
Production 0.01
Import 4.36
     
Crude Oil
(barrels per day)
Consumption 85,200
Production 3,800
Import 109,800
Export 100

CO2 emissions:
29.04 million tons

Energy plan

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Slovakia has a plan to get renewable sources of energy up to 19.2% by 2030.[3]

Energy types

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From 2024, following the completion of two new nuclear reactors, Slovakia will return to being a net exporter of electricity.[4]

Fossil fuels

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Slovakia electricity production by source

Oil

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Slovnaft is the largest oil refinery in Slovakia.

In 2022 Slovakia sought to reduce its reliance on oil from Russia.

Natural gas

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Slovenský plynárenský priemysel (Slovak Gas Industry) is the main natural gas supplier in Slovakia.

In 2022 Slovakia sought to reduce its reliance on natural gas from Russia who was supplying 81% in 2020.

In order to lower reliance, a gas pipeline interconnector with neighbouring Poland was completed by August 2022 and put into operation in a bilateral opening ceremony on the 26 August 2022. [5] [6]

Coal

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Two coal power stations were operated in Slovakia until 2024, with the power station at Nováky closing in 2023, and the power station at Vojany ceasing production in spring 2024.[7] [8] Slovakia currently does not have thermal powerplants in operation and relies on nuclear power generation and power generation from renewables. [9]

Nuclear Energy

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Main article: Nuclear energy in Slovakia

Five operating reactors in two power plants Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant with two reactors dating from the 1980s and three at Mochovce Nuclear Power Plant), with two from the 1990s and the 3rd being commissioned in January 2023. Total electricity generation from nuclear in 2020 was 15.4 TWh. One additional reactor is near completion at Mochovce.[10]

Renewable energy

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Slovakia renewable electricity production by source
Years in which the last three renewable power levels achieved
Achievement Year Achievement Year Achievement Year
5% 2001 10% 2009 15% 2019[2]

Renewable energy includes wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy sources.

Wind power

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In the end of 2022 wind power capacity in Slovakia 3MW which has not changed since 2010. In the National Energy and Climate Plan the Government plans to build 500MW of wind by 2030. [11]

Solar power

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In 2023 Slovakia had 840 MW of installed solar power capacity.[12]

Biomass

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Biomass provides around 4% of electricity generation capacity.

Hydro power

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There is hydropower potential in Vah and Orava rivers (before Stary Hrad, and after Kralovianski Meander, Oravka tunnel), with power plants over 30MW as extremely profitable (for low cost/installed MW).

Climate change

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Emissions of carbon dioxide in total, per capita in 2007 were 6.8 tons CO2 compared to EU 27 average 7.9 tons CO2. Emission change 2007/1990 (%) was -35.1%. In Europe in 2007 the Slovak emissions of carbon dioxide per capita (6.8 tons CO2) were higher than in Hungary 5.4, Sweden 5.1, Portugal 5.2 or Switzerland 5.6 and lower than in Czech Republic 11.8, Luxembourg 22.4, Finland 12.2, Netherlands 11.1, Germany 9.7 or Ireland 10.1[13]

1990 emissions were 74 Mt CO2 eq. The Kyoto protocol target is reduction of 6 Mt (-8%).[14]

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Energy in Slovakia.

References

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  1. ^ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Archived 2010-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48
  2. ^ a b "Energy consumption in Slovakia". 2020.
  3. ^ "Slovak National Energy and Climate Plan". 28 February 2022.
  4. ^ "Mochovce 3 output increased to 55%". 31 March 2023.
  5. ^ "Construction of Poland – Slovakia Gas Interconnector completed (English version of article)". eustream.sk. EUstream.sk. 26 August 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2024.
  6. ^ "GAZ SYSTEM: Construction of Poland – Slovakia gas interconnector completed". gaz-system.pl. GAZ-System.pl. 26 August 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2024.
  7. ^ "Slovakia presses ahead with coal phase out as solution to energy crisis". 12 May 2022.
  8. ^ "Vojany power plant ceases to produce electricity". Radio Slovakia International, Radio and Television Slovakia (Rozhlas a Televízia Slovenska), public broadcaster official news website. 27 March 2024. Retrieved 27 November 2024.
  9. ^ "Slovakia about to lose its coal-fired plants, locations for nuclear reactors discussed". The Slovak Spectator. 22 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2024.
  10. ^ "Nuclear Power in Slovakia". August 2023.
  11. ^ "Slovakia has excellent wind conditions but must remove barriers to wind energy". 8 December 2022.
  12. ^ "Inštalovaný výkon solárnych elektrární sa vlani na Slovensku zvýšil takmer o polovicu". Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  13. ^ Energy in Sweden 2010 Archived October 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Table 1: Emissions of carbon dioxide in total, per capita and per GDP in EU and OECD countries, 2007
  14. ^ Wind energy and EU climate policy Achieving 30% lower emissions by 2020 EWEA October 2011 p. 39
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