Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant
| Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant | |
|---|---|
 Plant as seen from visitors section looking towards Unit 1 and the steam turbine building. | |
 | |
| Country | United States |
| Location | Lake Township, Berrien County, near Bridgman, Michigan |
| Coordinates | 41°58′32″N 86°33′55″W / 41.97556°N 86.56528°W |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | March 25, 1969 |
| Commission date | Unit 1: August 28, 1975 Unit 2: July 1, 1978 |
| Construction cost | $3.352 billion (2007 USD)[1] |
| Owner | American Electric Power |
| Operator | Indiana Michigan Power |
| Nuclear power station | |
| Reactor type | PWR |
| Reactor supplier | Westinghouse |
| Cooling source | Lake Michigan |
| Thermal capacity | 1 × 3304 MWth 1 × 3468 MWth |
| Power generation | |
| Units operational | 1 × 1045 MW 1 × 1168 MW |
| Make and model | WH 4-loop (ICECDN) |
| Nameplate capacity | 2213 MW |
| Capacity factor | 90.75% (2017) 69.90% (lifetime) |
| Annual net output | 17,953 GWh (2021) |
| External links | |
| Website | Cook Nuclear Plant (plant website) Cook Nuclear Plant (IMP page) |
| Commons | Related media on Commons |
Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant is a nuclear power plant located just north of the city of Bridgman, Michigan which is part of Berrien County, on a 650-acre (260 ha) site 11 miles south of St. Joseph, Michigan, United States. The plant is owned by American Electric Power (AEP) and operated by Indiana Michigan Power, an AEP subsidiary. It has two nuclear reactors and is currently the company's only nuclear power plant.
The construction cost of the power plant was $3.352 billion (2007 USD).[2] The plant is capable of producing 2.2 GW of electricity, enough to meet the needs of a city with 1.25 million people. Actual production averages about 1.6 GW
The plant is connected to the power grid via one 765 kV line that goes from the plant to AEP's DuMont substation near Lakeville, Indiana and by numerous 345 kV lines, two of which interconnect with METC, connecting with the Palisades Nuclear Generating Station, owned by Entergy.
License expiration and renewal
[edit]The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission renewed the operating licenses of both reactors on August 30, 2005. With the renewal, Unit One's operating license will expire in 2034 while Unit Two's will expire in 2037.[3] The units were initially licensed for forty years from their operational date.
Electricity Production
[edit]Donald C. Cook generated 17,953 GWh in 2021.
| Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual (Total) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 1,393,943 | 1,303,796 | 1,534,739 | 1,490,105 | 1,560,999 | 1,463,499 | 1,417,982 | 1,330,691 | 6,821 | 1,235,222 | 1,488,958 | 1,597,552 | 15,824,307 |
| 2002 | 1,167,290 | 695,071 | 1,522,222 | 1,469,190 | 596,703 | 1,066,701 | 1,354,047 | 1,447,552 | 1,474,853 | 1,554,710 | 1,517,887 | 1,562,297 | 15,428,523 |
| 2003 | 1,069,728 | 1,055,888 | 1,590,347 | 1,179,481 | 61,859 | 943,960 | 1,556,300 | 1,114,527 | 1,523,405 | 1,237,973 | 833,018 | 1,516,770 | 13,683,256 |
| 2004 | 1,503,522 | 1,500,821 | 1,487,251 | 1,136,748 | 1,586,127 | 1,514,819 | 1,535,744 | 1,544,700 | 1,510,810 | 777,901 | 1,061,924 | 1,609,559 | 16,769,926 |
| 2005 | 1,552,286 | 1,454,410 | 1,443,672 | 860,613 | 1,583,840 | 1,464,620 | 1,535,292 | 1,535,658 | 1,414,533 | 1,581,049 | 1,441,522 | 1,603,888 | 17,471,383 |
| 2006 | 1,604,110 | 1,445,388 | 1,380,587 | 743,842 | 1,387,073 | 1,520,382 | 1,496,692 | 1,453,352 | 1,006,586 | 822,079 | 1,183,827 | 1,641,000 | 15,684,918 |
| 2007 | 1,641,706 | 1,480,252 | 1,637,337 | 1,572,364 | 1,600,872 | 1,524,334 | 1,542,872 | 1,504,545 | 1,071,913 | 780,852 | 1,375,467 | 1,644,642 | 17,377,156 |
| 2008 | 1,624,620 | 1,426,242 | 1,446,495 | 800,379 | 1,576,397 | 1,524,392 | 1,545,774 | 1,399,867 | 1,260,149 | 811,883 | 797,760 | 822,328 | 15,036,286 |
| 2009 | 818,864 | 744,726 | 615,838 | 0 | 635,802 | 791,142 | 660,359 | 580,326 | 770,762 | 817,172 | 799,674 | 1,091,726 | 8,326,391 |
| 2010 | 1,596,276 | 1,439,754 | 849,774 | 1,294,540 | 1,412,456 | 1,495,430 | 1,525,132 | 1,532,604 | 1,502,274 | 874,108 | 728,352 | 1,395,355 | 15,646,055 |
| 2011 | 1,598,138 | 1,425,218 | 1,428,185 | 1,544,848 | 1,591,060 | 1,523,302 | 1,552,328 | 1,540,854 | 1,160,312 | 920,396 | 1,500,922 | 1,572,674 | 17,358,237 |
| 2012 | 1,647,396 | 1,535,264 | 1,319,849 | 816,273 | 1,562,809 | 1,541,860 | 1,528,340 | 1,536,096 | 1,509,394 | 1,574,498 | 1,508,656 | 1,638,774 | 17,719,209 |
| 2013 | 1,652,982 | 1,492,610 | 1,489,442 | 811,197 | 1,097,356 | 1,556,374 | 1,500,903 | 1,566,534 | 1,499,799 | 794,732 | 1,201,696 | 1,616,540 | 16,280,165 |
| 2014 | 1,648,704 | 1,479,874 | 1,630,482 | 1,568,924 | 1,613,245 | 1,532,622 | 1,519,112 | 1,558,137 | 1,288,774 | 984,776 | 1,156,949 | 1,649,193 | 17,630,792 |
| 2015 | 1,644,083 | 1,491,480 | 1,428,961 | 824,804 | 1,600,116 | 797,019 | 855,871 | 1,536,900 | 1,516,418 | 1,624,130 | 1,553,464 | 811,474 | 15,684,720 |
| 2016 | 1,654,236 | 1,547,486 | 1,382,822 | 842,300 | 1,618,722 | 1,538,035 | 1,280,391 | 1,531,445 | 1,520,332 | 861,068 | 771,196 | 811,730 | 15,359,763 |
| 2017 | 1,574,389 | 1,550,962 | 1,714,802 | 1,645,244 | 1,695,698 | 1,587,398 | 1,614,184 | 1,596,469 | 1,110,420 | 888,669 | 904,760 | 1,709,006 | 17,592,001 |
| 2018 | 1,716,898 | 1,514,348 | 812,208 | 786,418 | 1,312,259 | 1,595,861 | 1,625,484 | 1,609,133 | 1,596,604 | 1,670,464 | 1,651,264 | 1,719,871 | 17,610,812 |
| 2019 | 1,722,532 | 1,513,258 | 988,168 | 870,461 | 1,304,989 | 1,613,692 | 1,495,641 | 1,629,686 | 1,468,506 | 774,982 | 1,071,999 | 1,703,934 | 16,157,848 |
| 2020 | 1,704,552 | 1,587,462 | 1,646,092 | 1,576,920 | 1,388,766 | 1,602,890 | 1,615,226 | 1,608,818 | 1,126,461 | 1,056,684 | 1,649,916 | 1,702,858 | 18,266,645 |
| 2021 | 1,708,554 | 1,541,300 | 1,689,100 | 1,185,663 | 1,063,159 | 1,370,410 | 1,245,009 | 1,579,102 | 1,582,426 | 1,653,862 | 1,633,797 | 1,701,602 | 17,953,984 |
| 2022 | 1,710,596 | 1,541,022 | 1,680,776 | 879,010 | 907,276 | 1,588,186 | 1,597,776 | 1,521,632 | 1,420,682 | 792,885 | 1,279,509 | 1,701,681 | 16,512,031 |
| 2023 | 1,705,902 | 1,541,101 | 1,691,276 | 1,863,376 | 1,688,708 | 1,863,533 | 1,569,022 | 1,609,965 | 1,560,176 | 1,193,866 | 1,222,951 | 1,668,242 | 18,639,118 |
| 2024 | 1,708,002 | 1,580,852 | 1,374,263 | 769,298 | 1,453,360 | 1,416,156 | 1,555,100 | 1,598,220 | -- |
Surrounding population
[edit]The Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines two emergency planning zones around nuclear power plants: a plume exposure pathway zone with a radius of 10 miles (16 km), concerned primarily with exposure to, and inhalation of, airborne radioactive contamination, and an ingestion pathway zone of about 50 miles (80 km), concerned primarily with ingestion of food and liquid contaminated by radioactivity.[5]
The 2010 U.S. population within 10 miles (16 km) of D.C. Cook was 54,638, an increase of 3.4 percent in a decade, according to an analysis of U.S. Census data for msnbc.com. The 2010 U.S. population within 50 miles (80 km) was 1,225,096, an increase of 2.8 percent since 2000. Cities within 50 miles include South Bend, IN (26 miles to city center), Michigan City, IN, St. Joseph, MI, and Kalamazoo, MI.[6]
Visitors center
[edit]The plant has a visitors center that was open to the public six days a week on a drop in basis. Since the attacks of September 11, however, the plant is open only to school groups by reservation. The visitors center features a 26-foot (7.9 m) animated model demonstrating how the plant operates. The visitors center closed permanently in 2020.
Ownership
[edit]The plant is operated by the Indiana Michigan Power Company and owned by American Electric Power.
Incidents
[edit]- In 1971 an electrician was killed in a construction accident while building the site.[7]
- In 1976 two workers were killed in a recirculation pit (sump) by asphyxiation from argon inerting gas used to support welding on stainless steel piping.[8]
- July 13, 1990 one person was killed by electrocution and three others suffered severe burn injuries from a 4kv switchgear explosion.
- In September, 1997, both units were shut down for approximately three years when, as a result of NRC inspections in the engineering area, it became unclear whether emergency core cooling systems could perform their intended functions in the event of a design basis accident.[9]
- In 1998 the NRC imposed a $500,000 civil penalty for 37 regulatory violations, mostly concerning the containment ice condenser used in responding to some loss-of-coolant accidents.[10]
- On May 12, 2002, Unit 2 was automatically shut down due to the failure of both redundant DC power supplies in the Reactor Control & Instrumentation System. Due to inadequate corrective actions, the same event occurred on February 5, 2003.[11]
- A transformer fire caused an automatic shutdown of Unit 1 in 2003 and release of cooling oil to Lake Michigan.[12]
- A massive intrusion of fish caused both units to be manually shut down for several weeks on April 24, 2003. Due to the degradation in Essential Service Water flow to the plants' Emergency Diesel Generators, the site entered the Emergency Plan at the Alert level. The Alert was exited approximately 25 hours later.[13]
- On September 20, 2008 unit 1's main turbine and generator were damaged by severe turbine vibrations caused by broken low-pressure turbine blades.[14] A fire also broke out in the generator of Unit 1. No radiation was released and Unit 2 continued to operate at full power.[15][16]
- The plant's Unit 2 reactor was shut on October 12, 2020. American Electric Power Company Inc. said service was suspended from the 1,168 megawatt (MW) unit when it tripped due to lowering water level in one of the plant’s four steam generators.
- In the late night hours of June 22, 2021, operators discovered a leak in a high pressure steam line providing non-radioactive steam to the low pressure turbines of unit 2. The leak appeared to grow larger as it was monitored, leading to a manual shutdown of unit 2. A plant spokesman stated that an assessment is underway to determine the cause of the steam leak and develop a repair timeline, however, I&M does not release return-to-service projection information for generation units for competitive reasons. Meanwhile, unit 1 continued to operate at full capacity with no interruption of power to customers.[17][18]
- An "unusual event" was detected at 10:44 A.M on January 6, 2022. According to an alert from the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, a potential fire was detected, but there was no fire.[19]
Seismic risk
[edit]The Nuclear Regulatory Commission's estimate of the risk each year of an earthquake intense enough to cause core damage to the reactor at D.C. Cook was 1 in 83,333, according to an NRC study updated in June 2018.[20][21]
Additional information
[edit]| Unit 1 | Unit 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Reactor type | Pressurized water | |
| Reactor manufacturer | Westinghouse | |
| Turbine manufacturer | General Electric | Brown Boveri |
| Generation capacity | 1,020 megawatts | 1,090 megawatts |
| Transmission system connection | 345,000 volts | 765,000 volts |
| Construction began | March 1, 1969 | |
| Grid connection | February 10, 1975 | March 22, 1978 |
| Operational date | August 27, 1975 | July 1, 1978 |
| Expiration of original license | October 25, 2014 | December 23, 2017 |
| Expiration of renewed license | 2034 | 2037 |
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "EIA - State Nuclear Profiles". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "State Nuclear Profiles archive". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ "Releases". www.aep.com. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ "Electricity Data Browser". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ NRC: Backgrounder on Emergency Preparedness at Nuclear Power Plants Archived October 2, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Nuclear neighbors: Population rises near US reactors". NBC News. 2011-04-14. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
- ^ "Article clipped from The Herald-Palladium". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
- ^ "Information Notice No. 85-87: Hazards of Inerting Atmospheres". NRC Web. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ NRC doc: Tran-M119830: Briefing on D.C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant Public Meeting, November 30, 1998
- ^ Dave Lochbaum (23 August 2016). "UCS Causes Meltdowns at US Nuclear Reactors (no, really)". Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Reactor Oversight Process (ROP)". NRC Web. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ "Releases". www.aep.com. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.nuclear.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "World Nuclear Association - World Nuclear News". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ staff, 24 Hour News 8 web (25 September 2015). "ArtPrize Adventures: Heartside pub art crawl". Archived from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Kalamazoo News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News". WWMT. 25 June 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ "Cook Plant Unit 2 Taken Offline Overnight, Triggered by Steam Line Leak Discovery".
- ^ "Cook Plant Unit 2 Taken Offline For Repairs | News/Talk/Sports 94.9 WSJM".
- ^ "Southwest Michigan nuclear plant on Lake Michigan shoreline has 'unusual event'". mlive. 2022-01-07. Archived from the original on 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
- ^ "What are the odds? US nuke plants ranked by quake risk". NBC News. 2011-03-16. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
- ^ "Seismic Reviews at U.S. Nuclear Power Plants" (PDF). nrc.gov. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Donald C. Cook Nuclear Generating Station (Lake Michigan) at Wikimedia Commons
- Aerial photos of the Cook plant
- Cook Nuclear Power Plant Page
- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Information Page for Unit 1
- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Information Page for Unit 2
- "WNDU Vault: Terry McFadden goes inside the Cook Nuclear Plant" on YouTube (channel WNDU 16 News Now, February 24, 2024 [n.d.])