Lockheed Martin A2100
The A2100 is a model of communications satellite spacecraft made by Lockheed Martin Space Systems. It is used as the foundation for telecommunications payloads in geosynchronous orbit, as well as GOES-R weather satellites and GPS Block IIIA satellites. Over 40 satellites use the A2100 bus.[1][2]
History
[edit]The first satellite, AMC-1, was launched September 8, 1996, and has achieved 15-year on-orbit service life.[3][4] Since 1996 there have been over 45 of the A2100 based satellites launched, with over 400 years of total on-orbit service.[5] Other A2100 spacecraft include JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2, which were launched May, 2012 on an Ariane 5 rocket,[6] as well as Arabsat-6A and Hellas Sat 4/SaudiGeoSat-1 of Saudi Arabia's Arabsat-6G program.[7]
In 2002, Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems was given a Frost and Sullivan Satellite Reliability Award for excellence in the production of flexible and reliable communications satellites used in geosynchronous Earth orbit.[8]
A2100 customers includes communications companies around the world, including Astra, Telesat, SKY Perfect JSAT Group and others.
Design
[edit]The Lockheed Martin A2100 geosynchronous spacecraft series is designed for a variety of telecommunications needs including Ka band broadband and broadcast services, fixed satellite services in C-band and Ku band payload configurations, high-power direct broadcast services using the Ku band frequency spectrum, and mobile satellite services using UHF, L-band and S-band payloads.[9]
The A2100 satellite system was developed by the Astro Space team at its East Windsor, New Jersey facility, with team members delivering a flexible common bus with fewer components, lower spacecraft weight, and reduced customer delivery time.[10]
The A2100 is being supplanted by the LM2100, an evolutionary upgrade with several new features. The military version is the LM2100 Combat Bus.[11][12]
Propulsion system
[edit]The attitude control system includes reaction wheels,[13] with momentum desaturation and main motor maneuver attitude control propulsion provided by small monopropellant hydrazine motors. This hydrazine supply is contained in a central propellant tank of 0.90 m diameter and up to 2.00 m length depending on the customer's requirements.[14] This tank's maximum length was later increased to 2.55 m.[15] The liquid apogee engine uses hydrazine fuel from the central tank along with nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer from two flanking tanks of 0.54 m diameter and up to 1.65 m long.[16] Orbit maintenance is performed by the small hydrazine motors and ion thrusters.[17] The maximum propellant supply (with the largest tanks at 95% fill factor) are 1368 kg of hydrazine fuel and 627 kg of nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer.
According to Moog-ISP, the A2100 platform uses its LEROS bipropellant Liquid Apogee Engine.[18]
Satellite orders
[edit]A2100A
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage | Launch date (UTC) | Rocket | Changes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GE-1 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band, 24 Ku-band | 8 September 1996 | Atlas IIA | Known as AMC 1 | Active |
GE-2 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band, 24 Ku-band | 30 January 1997 | Ariane-44L | Known as AMC 2 | Retired |
GE-3 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band, 24 Ku-band | 4 September 1997 | Atlas IIAS | Known as Eagle 1 | Active |
GE-7 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band | 14 September 2000 | Ariane 5G | Known as AMC 7 | Retired |
GE-8 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band | 20 December 2000 | Ariane 5G | Known as AMC 8 (Aurora 3) | Active |
GE-10 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band | 5 February 2004 | Atlas IIAS | Retired | |
GE-11 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band | 19 May 2004 | Atlas IIAS | Active | |
GE-18 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band | 19 May 2004 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
BSAT-3a | Japan | BSAT Corp | Television broadcasting | 12 Ku-band | 14 August 2007 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
BSAT-3b | Japan | BSAT Corp | Television broadcasting | 12 Ku-band | 28 October 2010 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
BSAT-3c | Japan | BSAT Corp | Television broadcasting | 24 Ku-band | 6 August 2011 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
GOES-R | United States | NOAA | Meteorology | 19 November 2016 | Atlas V 541 | Known as GOES 16 | Active | |
GOES-S | United States | NOAA | Meteorology | 1 March 2018 | Atlas V 541 | Known as GOES 17 | Active | |
GOES-T | United States | NOAA | Meteorology | 1 March 2022 | Atlas V 541 | Known as GOES 18 | Active | |
GOES-U | United States | NOAA | Meteorology | 2024 | Falcon Heavy | Awaiting launch | ||
ABS-7 | Bermuda | ABS | Television broadcasting | 24 Ku-band, 6 Ka-band | 4 September 1999 | Ariane-42P | Known as ABS 7 | Inclined |
Nemesis 1 | United States | National Reconnaissance Office | SIGINT, COMINT | 8 September 2009 | Atlas V 401 | Known as PAN, PAN360, USA 207 | Active | |
Nemesis 2 | United States | National Reconnaissance Office | SIGINT, COMINT | 17 September 2014 | Atlas V 401 | Known as CLIO, USA 257 | Active | |
Telkom 1 | Indonesia | Telkom Indonesia | Communications | 24 C-band | 12 August 1999 | Ariane-42P | Retired | |
Vinasat-1 | Vietnam | VNPT | Communications | 8 C-band, 12 Ku-band | 18 April 2008 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
Vinasat-2 | Vietnam | VNPT | Communications | 24 Ku-band | 15 May 2012 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
Zhongwei 1 | China | China Satcom | Communications | 18 C-band, 20 Ku-band | 30 May 1998 | Long March 3B | Known as APStar 9A | Retired |
A2100AX
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage | Launch date (UTC) | Rocket | Changes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EchoStar 3 | United States | EchoStar | Television broadcasting | 32 Ku-band | 5 October 1997 | Atlas IIAS | Retired | |
EchoStar 4 | United States | EchoStar | Television broadcasting | 32 Ku-band | 7 May 1998 | Proton-K Blok-DM3 | Retired | |
EchoStar 7 | United States | EchoStar | Television broadcasting | 32 Ku-band | 7 May 1998 | Atlas IIIB-DEC | Retired | |
GE 1A | United States | SES Americom | Communications | 28 Ku-band | 1 October 2000 | Proton-K Blok-DM3 | Known as NSS 11 | Active |
GE 4 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting & satellite internet | 24 C-band, 24 Ku-band | 13 November 1999 | Ariane-44LP | Known as AMC 4 | Active |
GE 6 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting & satellite internet | 24 C-band, 24 Ku-band | 21 October 2000 | Proton-K Blok-DM3 | Known as AMC 6 (Rainbow 2) | Active |
LMI 1 | Bermuda | ABS | Television broadcasting & satellite internet | 28 C-band, 16 Ku-band | 26 September 1999 | Proton-K Blok-DM3 | Known as ABS 6 | Active |
Nimiq 1 | Canada | Telesat | Satellite internet | 32 Ku-band | 20 May 1999 | Proton-K Blok-DM3 | Active | |
Nimiq 2 | Canada | Telesat | Satellite internet | 32 Ku-band | 29 December 2002 | Proton-M | Active | |
N-SAT 110 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Satellite internet | 24 Ku-band | 6 October 2000 | Ariane-42L | Known as Superbird 5 | Retired |
A2100AXS
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage | Launch date (UTC) | Rocket | Changes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMC-14 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 32 Ku-band | 14 March 2008 | Proton-M Phase 1 | Active | |
AMC-15 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band | 14 October 2004 | Proton-M Phase 1 | Active | |
AMC-16 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band | 14 October 2004 | Proton-M Phase 1 | Retired | |
Astra 1KR | Luxembourg | SES | Television broadcasting | 32 Ku-band | 20 April 2006 | Atlas V 431 | Active | |
Astra 1L | Luxembourg | SES | Television broadcasting | 29 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band | 4 May 2007 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
EchoStar 10 | United States | EchoStar | Television broadcasting | 42 Ku-band | 15 February 2006 | Zenit-3SL | Active | |
JCSat 9 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Communications | 20 C-band, 20 Ku-band, 1 S-band | 12 April 2006 | Zenit-3SL | Known as JCSat 5A | Active |
JCSat 10 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Communications | 12 C-band, 30 Ku-band | 11 August 2006 | Ariane 5 ECA | Known as JCSat 3A | Active |
JCSAT-11 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Communications | 12 C-band, 30 Ku-band | 5 September 2007 | Proton-M Phase 1 | Launch failure | |
JCSat 12 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Communications | 12 C-band, 30 Ku-band | 21 August 2008 | Ariane 5 ECA | Known as JCSat RA | Active |
JCSat 13 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Communications | 44 Ku-band | 15 May 2012 | Ariane 5 ECA | Known as JCSat 4B | Active |
NSS-6 | Netherlands | SES | Satellite internet | 50 Ku-band | 17 December 2002 | Ariane 44L | Active | |
NSS-7 | Netherlands | SES | Satellite internet | 36 C-band, 36 Ku-band | 16 April 2002 | Ariane 44L | Retired | |
Rainbow-1 | United States | EchoStar | Television broadcasting | 36 Ku-band | 17 July 2003 | Atlas V 521 | Known as EchoStar 12 | Retired |
Sirius 4 (Astra 4A) | Sweden | SES Sirius | Communications | 52 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band | 17 November 2007 | Proton-M Phase 1 | Active | |
Garuda 1 | Indonesia | Asoa Cellular Satellite | Mobile communications | 88 L-band | 12 February 2000 | Proton-K Blok-DM3 | Active |
A2100M (Military)
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage | Launch date (UTC) | Rocket | Changes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AEHF 1 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Military communications | 14 August 2010 | Atlas V 531 | Known as USA 214 | Active | |
AEHF 2 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Military communications | 4 May 2012 | Atlas V 531 | Known as USA 235 | Active | |
AEHF 3 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Military communications | 18 September 2013 | Atlas V 531 | Known as USA 246 | Active | |
AEHF 4 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Military communications | 17 October 2018 | Atlas V 551 | Known as USA 288 | Active | |
AEHF 5 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Military communications | 8 August 2019 | Atlas V 551 | Known as USA 292 | Active | |
AEHF 6 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Military communications | 26 March 2020 | Atlas V 551 | Known as USA 298 | Active | |
MUOS 1 | United States | United States Navy | Military communications | 24 February 2012 | Atlas V 551 | Active | ||
MUOS 2 | United States | United States Navy | Military communications | 19 July 2013 | Atlas V 551 | Active | ||
MUOS 3 | United States | United States Navy | Military communications | 21 January 2015 | Atlas V 551 | Active | ||
MUOS 4 | United States | United States Navy | Military communications | 2 September 2015 | Atlas V 551 | Active | ||
MUOS 5 | United States | United States Navy | Military communications | 24 June 2016 | Atlas V 551 | Active | ||
GPS-3 1 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 23 December 2016 | Falcon 9 | Known as Navstar 77, USA 289, Vespucci | Active | |
GPS-3 2 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 22 August 2019 | Delta IV M (4,2) | Known as Navstar 78, USA 293, Magellan | Active | |
GPS-3 3 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 30 June 2020 | Falcon 9 | Known as Navstar 79, USA 304, Columbus | Active | |
GPS-3 4 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 5 November 2020 | Falcon 9 | Known as Navstar 80, USA 309, Sacagawea | Active | |
GPS-3 5 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 17 June 2021 | Falcon 9 | Known as Navstar 81, USA 320, Neil Armstrong | Active | |
GPS-3 6 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 18 January 2023 | Falcon 9 | Known as Navstar 82, USA 343, Amelia Earhart | Active | |
GPS-3 7 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 2024 | Vulcan Centaur | Awaiting launch | ||
GPS-3 8 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Vulcan Centaur | Awaiting launch | ||
GPS-3 9 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Vulcan Centaur | Awaiting launch | ||
GPS-3 10 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Falcon 9 | Awaiting launch | ||
SBIRS GEO 1 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors | 7 May 2011 | Atlas V 401 | Known as USA 230 | Active |
SBIRS GEO 2 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors | 19 March 2013 | Atlas V 401 | Known as USA 241 | Active |
SBIRS GEO 3 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors | 21 January 2017 | Atlas V 401 | Known as USA 273 | Active |
SBIRS GEO 4 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors | 20 January 2018 | Atlas V 411 | Known as USA 282 | Active |
LM2100 (Modernized)
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage | Launch date (UTC) | Rocket | Changes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arabsat-6A | Saudi Arabia | Arabsat | Communications | 11 April 2019 | Falcon Heavy | Active | ||
SaudiGeoSat-1/HellasSat-4 | Saudi Arabia, Greece | Arabsat, Hellas Sat | Communications | Ku-band, Ka-band | 5 February 2019 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active | |
JCSAT-17 | Japan | SKY Perfect JSAT | Mobile communications | S-band | 18 February 2020 | Ariane 5 ECA | Active |
LM2100M (Modernized Military)
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage | Launch date (UTC) | Rocket | Changes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NG-OPIR-GEO 1 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 NG-OPIR sensors | 2025 | Vulcan Centaur | Awaiting launch | |
NG-OPIR-GEO 2 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 NG-OPIR sensors | 202x | Awaiting launch | ||
NG-OPIR-GEO 3 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 NG-OPIR sensors | 202x | Awaiting launch | ||
GPS-3F 1 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 2026 | Falcon Heavy | Awaiting launch | ||
GPS-3F 2 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 3 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 4 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 5 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 6 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 7 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 8 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 9 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 10 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 11 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 12 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 13 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 14 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 15 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 16 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 17 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 18 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 19 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 20 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 21 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
GPS-3F 22 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Navigation | 202x | Awaiting launch | |||
SBIRS GEO 5 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors | 18 May 2021 | Atlas V 421 | Known as USA 315 | Active |
SBIRS GEO 6 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors | 4 August 2022 | Atlas V 421 | Active |
Cancelled orders
[edit]Satellite | Country | Operator | Type | Coverage |
---|---|---|---|---|
GE-9 | United States | SES Americom | Television broadcasting | 24 C-band |
Jabiru 1 | Australia | NewSat Corporation | Communications | 50 Ka-band, 18 Ku-band, 1 S-band |
Rainbow KA-1 | United States | Cablevision | Television broadcasting | Ka-band |
Rainbow KA-2 | United States | Cablevision | Television broadcasting | Ka-band |
Rainbow KA-3 | United States | Cablevision | Television broadcasting | Ka-band |
Rainbow KA-4 | United States | Cablevision | Television broadcasting | Ka-band |
Rainbow KA-5 | United States | Cablevision | Television broadcasting | Ka-band |
Agrani 1 | India | Agrani | Mobile communications | |
Garuda 2 | Indonesia | Asia Cellular Satellite | Mobile communications | 88 L-band |
Astrolink 1 | United States | Astrolink | Mobile communications | Ka-band |
Astrolink 2 | United States | Astrolink | Mobile communications | Ka-band |
Astrolink 3 | United States | Astrolink | Mobile communications | Ka-band |
Astrolink 4 | United States | Astrolink | Mobile communications | Ka-band |
SBIRS GEO 7 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors |
SBIRS GEO 8 | United States | Air Force Space Command | Early warning | 2 SBIRS sensors |
References
[edit]- ^ "Lockheed Martin: A2100"
- ^ "Lockheed Martin's A2100 bus modernized and poised for new missions". SpaceFlight Insider. 2017-08-11. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
- ^ "First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations". Media - Lockheed Martin. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
- ^ "First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations". Defense & Aerospace Week. September 21, 2011. Archived from the original on June 10, 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2013 – via HighBeam.
- ^ "Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"
- ^ "Ariane 5 ECA launches JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2 into orbit"
- ^ Lockheed Martin Completes Assembly on Arabsat's Newest Communications Satellite. Lockheed Martin. 20 February 2018.
- ^ "Frost & Sullivan Award
- ^ "Lockheed Martin: A2100" Archived 2013-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "A2100 History"
- ^ McKinnon, Douglas V. (2016), "Lockheed Martin's A2100 Spacecraft Bus Modernization", 34th AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, doi:10.2514/6.2016-5724, ISBN 978-1-62410-457-2, retrieved 2021-06-14
- ^ Hitchens, Theresa (2021-05-17). "New SBIRS Sat Creates Bridge To Next-Gen Missile Warning". Breaking Defense. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
- ^ "Global Positioning System III overview and contractors"
- ^ "ATK SSI P/N 80395-1 Datasheet"
- ^ "ATK SSI P/N 80443-1
- ^ "ATK SSI P/N 80405-1 Datasheet"
- ^ "Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"
- ^ "Thrusters". Moog Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-08-10. Retrieved 2016-08-09.