tonel

See also: tőnél

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese tonel (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French tonel, diminutive of tone (“large barrel”), from Late Latin tunna, from Proto-Celtic *tunna (“hide, skin”). Cognate with Spanish and Portuguese tonel and Catalan tona.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toˈnɛl/

Noun

tonel m (plural toneis)

1. cask; tun

   Synonyms: barril, bocoi, pipa

   • 1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega, page 181:

     Jtem diso que oýo diser que leuara hũu tonel da dita grãja de Saar porla cõgostra ao sopee Vasco de Vialo e que nõ sabe se era tonel ou pipa

     Item, he said that he heard say that Vasco of Bealo took away a tun from that farm of Sar, by the sunken lane there near, but that he did not know whether it was a tun or a pipe

2. (dated) tun (unit of liquid volume)

Derived terms

• entonelar
• tonelada
• toneleiro

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “tonel”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “tonel”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “tonel”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tonel”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “tonel”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old French

Noun

tonel oblique singular, m (oblique plural toneaus or toneax or toniaus or toniax or tonels, nominative singular toneaus or toneax or toniaus or toniax or tonels, nominative plural tonel)

1. barrel (large usually wooden container)
   • c. 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci coumence li diz de l'erberie:

     se vos n'aveiz vermeil, preneiz de la bele yaue clere: car teiz a un puis devant son huix qui n'a pas .I. tonel de vin en son celier.

     If you don't have red [wine], take some beautiful clear water: For any person that doesn't have a barrel of wine in their cellar has a well in front of their door.

Descendants

• Middle French: tonnel
  • French: tonneau

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese tonel, from Old French tonel, from tone -el (“-elle: forming diminutives”), from Late Latin tunna (“tun”), from Proto-Celtic *tunna (“hide, skin”). Doublet of tonelada. Cognate with Galician and Spanish tonel and Catalan tona.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /toˈnɛw/ [toˈnɛʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈnɛl/ [tuˈnɛɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈnɛl/ [tuˈnɛɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈnɛ.li/

• Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɛl, (Brazil) -ɛw
• Hyphenation: to‧nel

Noun

tonel m (plural tonéis)

1. tun, a large wooden barrel, a vat, a cask
2. (historical, measure) tun, a traditional unit of liquid volume equal to 0.8–1 m³ depending on the part of Portugal

Coordinate terms

• (unit of liquid volume): almude (¹⁄₅₀ tonel), pipa (¹⁄₂ tonel)

Derived terms

• tonelada

Spanish

Etymology

From Old French tonel (“barrel”), diminutive of tone (“large barrel”), from Late Latin tunna, from Proto-Celtic *tunna (“hide, skin”). Cognate with Galician and Portuguese tonel and Catalan tona.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toˈnel/ [t̪oˈnel]
• Rhymes: -el
• Syllabification: to‧nel

Noun

tonel m (plural toneles)

1. barrel

   Synonym: barril

   • 1914, Miguel de Unamuno, Niebla 32:

     Al contrario, con lastre se tiene uno mejor en pie. Es que no existo. Mira, ahora poco, al cenar me parecía como si todo eso me fuese cayendo desde la boca en un tonel sin fondo.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. barrel roll

Derived terms

• tonelada
• tonelería
• tonelero

 

Further reading

• “tonel”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28