Wiktionary

tart

See also: Tart, tárt, and tärt

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English tart, from Old English teart (“sharp, rough, severe”), from Proto-West Germanic *tart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz (“rough, sharp, tearing”), from Proto-Germanic *teraną (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split, cleave”). Related to Scots tairt (“tart; tartness”), Dutch tarten (“to defy, challenge, mock”), German trotzen (“to defy, brave, mock”), perhaps Albanian thartë (“sour, acid, sharp”).

Adjective

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tart (comparative tarter, superlative tartest)

  1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour.
    I ate a very tart apple.
  2. (of wine) high or too high in acidity.
  3. (figuratively) Sharp; keen; severe.
    He gave me a very tart reply.
Synonyms
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  • (of wine: high in acidity): green
Derived terms
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Translations
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English tart, tarte, from Old French tarte, tartre (“flat pastry”) (compare Medieval Latin tarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Old French torte, tourte, from Latin turta, perhaps from tŏrta f (“twisted”), in which case it would be cognate to torta.

 
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Noun

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tart (plural tarts)

  1. A type of small open pie, or piece of pastry, now typically containing jelly (US) / jam (UK) or conserve, or sometimes other fillings (chocolate, custard, egg, butter, historically even meat or other savory fillings).
  2. A melt (block of wax for use in a tart burner).
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat1)
Translations
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Etymology 3

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From sweetheart or jam tart (“attractive woman”) by shortening.

Noun

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tart (plural tarts)

  1. (British, slang) A prostitute.
  2. (British, slang, derogatory, by extension) Any woman with loose sexual morals.
    • 1950, Roy E. Blick (police inspector), testimony before the United States Congress‎[1]:
      We know the majority of the places that these tarts will hang out at.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Verb

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tart (third-person singular simple present tarts, present participle tarting, simple past and past participle tarted)

  1. To practice prostitution.
  2. To practice promiscuous sex.
  3. To dress garishly, ostentatiously, whorishly, or sluttily.
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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tart

  1. inflection of tarten:
    1. first/second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Of uncertain origin. Possibly from Proto-Finno-Ugric *tarttɜ- (“to cling to, stick to, get caught”),[1][2] compare Proto-Finnic *tarttudak (“to stick, adhere; grab, seize”).

Verb

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tart

  1. (heading) To force someone or something to remain in place or in position by counteracting another force.
    1. (transitive) to hold, keep (with locative suffixes or lative suffixes)
      Synonym: fog
      Könyvet tart a kezében. ― He holds a book in his hand.
    2. (transitive) to support (keep in the same place, withstanding its weight)
      Synonyms: támaszt, megtámaszt, megtart
      Antonym: elenged (“to let go”)
      A falak tartják a tetőt. ― The walls support the roof.
    3. (transitive) to keep, keep up, preserve, retain (to hold something in the same status or condition, not letting it change or cease)
      Synonyms: őriz, megőriz
      A hűtő hidegen tartja az ételt. ― The refrigerator keeps the food cold.
      Tartja az iramot. ― He/she/it keeps up the pace.
    4. (transitive) to keep (not give up or relinquish)
      Synonyms: őriz, megőriz, megtart
      Tudsz titkot tartani? ― Can you keep a secret?
    5. (transitive) to keep back, hold back, hinder, detain, retain (optionally with locative suffixes)
      Synonyms: tartóztat, marasztal, hátráltat, akadályoz, gátol, visszatart, visszafog, visszafojt, elfog, megállít
    6. (transitive) to keep, observe, follow (rule, obligation, custom, tradition, or ritual)
      Synonyms: követ, betart, megtart, igazodik
    7. (transitive) to keep (to remain faithful to a given promise, word, bet or wager)
      Synonyms: betart, megtart
      (idiomatic): Tartja a szavát. ― He keeps his word. (i.e. a promise)
    8. (transitive) to keep, maintain, cultivate, foster, harbor, nurse, nurture, cherish (relationship with any acquaintance, familial relations, or bad feelings, grudge towards someone)
      Synonyms: fenntart, ápol, táplál
  2. (heading) To provide some person or another being with a place to stay or a way of life, supplying them, or to keep, own something temporarily somewhere.
    1. (transitive) to employ, hire, keep, have (someone for regular service)
      Synonyms: alkalmaz, foglalkoztat
      Bejárónőt tart. ― S/he employs a daily help.
    2. (transitive) to keep, raise, farm (a pet or other animal)
      Synonyms: gondoz, gondoskodik
      Kutyát tart. ― S/he keeps a dog.
    3. (transitive) to keep, store (to hold something in the same place; with locative suffixes)
      Synonyms: tárol (“to store”), őriz (“to guard”), eltesz
      A fontos papírokat a fiókban tartom. ― I keep the important documents in the drawer.
  3. (heading) To perform an action that takes some time.
    1. (transitive) to have, hold, give, conduct, perform (a lecture, performance, presentation, meeting, etc.; on something: -ról/-ről)
      Synonyms: rendez, szervez
    2. (transitive) to take (a break)
      szünetet tart ― to take a break
  4. (heading) To believe, deem, consider.
    1. (transitive) to find, think, deem, consider, regard something (with -nak/-nek)
      Synonyms: gondol, vél, lát, ítél, tekint
      Ezt az ötletet jónak tartom. ― I think this is a good idea. (literally, “I find this idea good.”)
      Saját felelősségemnek tartom. ― I consider it (as) my own responsibility
    2. (transitive) to esteem, deem, regard, think highly or poorly of (with -ra/-re)
      Synonyms: becsül, értékel
      Sokra tartom ezt az embert. ― I highly think of this person.
  5. (heading) To go on for a certain time, to extend to a certain limit.
    1. (intransitive, of some program, event etc.) to last, continue, go on, to be in progress (used with -tól/-től … -ig)
      Synonyms: folyik, zajlik
      Antonyms: befejeződik, végződik, véget ér (“to end”), megszakad, félbeszakad (“to be interrupted”)
      Az előadás délig tart. ― The lecture goes on until noon. (The lecture ends at noon)
      Tart még a film a tévében? ― Is the film still playing on TV?
    2. (intransitive) to take up space, extend
      Synonyms: ér, terjed
      A dugó a Petőfi utcától a Kossuth utcáig tart. ― The traffic jam extends from Petőfi Street up to Kossuth Street.
  7. (heading) To be somewhere in a progress or to go somewhere.
    1. (intransitive) to be at, to have got(ten) to some point (while proceeding, momentarily describing how far a process has gone; used with locative suffixes)
      Synonyms: van, áll, jut(ott)
      A könyv elején tartok. ― I am at the beginning of the book.
      Hol tartasz a munkával? ― How far have you got with your work?
    2. (intransitive, slightly literary) to head to some direction, to be bound somewhere (with lative suffixes)
      Synonyms: megy, halad, (of a road, path, etc.) vezet
      Merre tartasz? ― Where are you headed?
    3. (intransitive, slightly literary) to join or accompany someone (with -val/-vel)
      Synonyms: megy, jön, csatlakozik
      Velünk tartasz? ― Will you join us?
    4. (intransitive, mathematics) to converge, have limit at (-hoz/-hez/-höz or -ba/-be)
      Synonym: konvergál
      A sorozat 0-hoz tart. ― The sequence converges to 0.
  8. (heading) To be afraid of or sorry about something.
    1. (intransitive) to fear, to be afraid or apprehensive (of someone or something -tól/-től)
      Synonyms: fél, aggódik
      Tartok a betörőktől. ― I’m afraid of burglars.
      • 1990, Róbert Hámori, Egérderby, Budapest: Eötvös Kiadó, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 8:
        A dzsip a lépcsőháztól nem messze parkol, balra, ide tessékelnek be, a feszültség azért már oldódik, a rendőrök is érzik, tudják, nincs mitől tartaniuk, épp eléggé elfoglal engem a magam baja, nemhogy szökésre gondoljak.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    2. (intransitive, construed with attól) to be afraid, to be regretful, to be sorry
      Synonyms: sajnál, restell
      Attól tartok, nem tudok ebben segíteni önnek/neked. ― I am afraid I cannot help you in this matter.
Conjugation
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conjugation of tart
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tartok tartasz tart tartunk tartotok tartanak
Def. tartom tartod tartja tartjuk tartjátok tartják
2nd-p. o. tartalak ―
Past Indef. tartottam tartottál tartott tartottunk tartottatok tartottak
Def. tartottam tartottad tartotta tartottuk tartottátok tartották
2nd-p. o. tartottalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. tartani fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. tarték tartál tarta tartánk tartátok tartának
Def. tartám tartád tartá tartánk tartátok tarták
2nd-p. o. tartálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. tart vala, tartott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. tartandok tartandasz tartand tartandunk tartandotok tartandanak
Def. tartandom tartandod tartandja tartandjuk tartandjátok tartandják
2nd-p. o. tartandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tartanék tartanál tartana tartanánk tartanátok tartanának
Def. tartanám tartanád tartaná tartanánk
(or tartanók) 		tartanátok tartanák
2nd-p. o. tartanálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tartott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tartsak tarts or
tartsál 		tartson tartsunk tartsatok tartsanak
Def. tartsam tartsd or
tartsad 		tartsa tartsuk tartsátok tartsák
2nd-p. o. tartsalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tartott légyen
Infinitive tartani tartanom tartanod tartania tartanunk tartanotok tartaniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
tartás tartó tartott tartandó tartva (tartván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of tart
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tarthatok tarthatsz tarthat tarthatunk tarthattok tarthatnak
Def. tarthatom tarthatod tarthatja tarthatjuk tarthatjátok tarthatják
2nd-p. o. tarthatlak ―
Past Indef. tarthattam tarthattál tarthatott tarthattunk tarthattatok tarthattak
Def. tarthattam tarthattad tarthatta tarthattuk tarthattátok tarthatták
2nd-p. o. tarthattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. tarthaték tarthatál tarthata tarthatánk tarthatátok tarthatának
Def. tarthatám tarthatád tarthatá tarthatánk tarthatátok tarthaták
2nd-p. o. tarthatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. tarthat vala, tarthatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. tarthatandok
or tartandhatok 		tarthatandasz
or tartandhatsz 		tarthatand
or tartandhat 		tarthatandunk
or tartandhatunk 		tarthatandotok
or tartandhattok 		tarthatandanak
or tartandhatnak
Def. tarthatandom
or tartandhatom 		tarthatandod
or tartandhatod 		tarthatandja
or tartandhatja 		tarthatandjuk
or tartandhatjuk 		tarthatandjátok
or tartandhatjátok 		tarthatandják
or tartandhatják
2nd-p. o. tarthatandalak
or tartandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tarthatnék tarthatnál tarthatna tarthatnánk tarthatnátok tarthatnának
Def. tarthatnám tarthatnád tarthatná tarthatnánk
(or tarthatnók) 		tarthatnátok tarthatnák
2nd-p. o. tarthatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tarthatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tarthassak tarthass or
tarthassál 		tarthasson tarthassunk tarthassatok tarthassanak
Def. tarthassam tarthasd or
tarthassad 		tarthassa tarthassuk tarthassátok tarthassák
2nd-p. o. tarthassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tarthatott légyen
Inf. (tarthatni) (tarthatnom) (tarthatnod) (tarthatnia) (tarthatnunk) (tarthatnotok) (tarthatniuk)
Positive adjective tartható Neg. adj. tarthatatlan Adv. part. (tarthatva / tarthatván)
Derived terms
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Compound words

(With verbal prefixes):

Expressions

Etymology 2

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tar (“bald”) ‎ -t (accusative suffix)

Adjective

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tart

  1. accusative singular of tar

References

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  1. ^ Entry #1029 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ tart in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

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  • tart in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish tart, from Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tart m (genitive singular tarta)

  1. thirst
    Tá tart orm. ― I am thirsty. (literally, “Thirst is on me.”)
    Chuir an liamhás tart air. ― The ham made him thirsty. (literally, “The ham put thirst on him.”)

Declension

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Declension of tart

Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative tart
Vocative a thart
Genitive tarta
Dative tart

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an tart
Genitive an tarta
Dative leis an tart

don tart

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
tart thart dtart
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English teart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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tart (rare)

  1. Sour, tart; having much acidity.
  2. (Early Middle English) Acute, keen; showing sharpness.
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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tart

  1. Alternative form of tarte

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

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tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tarter, definite plural tartene)

  1. (zoology) a small salmon
    Synonym: svele

References

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Anagrams

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

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tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tartar, definite plural tartane)

  1. (zoology) a small salmon
    Synonyms: silung, svelung, svele

References

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Anagrams

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Old French

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Adjective

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tart m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tarde)

  1. late (after the end of a given period)

Adverb

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tart

  1. late (after the end of a given period)
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Descendants

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Old Irish

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tart m (genitive tarta)

  1. thirst
Inflection
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Masculine u-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative tart tartL tartae
Vocative tart tartL tartu
Accusative tartN tartL tartu
Genitive tartoH, tartaH tarto, tarta tartaeN
Dative tartL tartaib tartaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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·tart

  1. first-person singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
·tart ·thart ·tart
pronounced with /-d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Norse

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Noun

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tart

  1. accusative singular indefinite of tartr m

Polish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtart/
  • Rhymes: -art
  • Syllabification: tart

Noun

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tart

  1. genitive plural of tarta
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