Wiktionary

strand

See also: Strand and štrand
Languages (11)
English
Afrikaans • Danish • Dutch • Hungarian • Icelandic • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Swedish
Page categories

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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strand (plural strands)

  1. The shore or beach of the sea or ocean.
    Grand Strand
  2. (poetic, archaic or regional) The shore or beach of a lake or river.
  3. A small brook or rivulet.
  4. (British dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) A passage for water; gutter.
  5. A street.
Alternative forms
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Translations
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Verb

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strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

  1. (transitive, nautical) To run aground; to beach.
  2. (transitive, figuratively) To leave (someone) in a difficult situation; to abandon or desert.
  3. (transitive, baseball) To cause the third out of an inning to be made, leaving a runner on base.
    Jones pops up; that's going to strand a pair.
  4. (transitive, grammar) To leave an element (e.g., an adposition) without its complement adjacent to it.
    • 1985, Joan Maling, Annie Zaenen, “Preposition-Stranding and Passive”, in Nordic Journal of Linguistics, volume 8, number 2, →DOI, page 199:
      We first note that wh-movement can freely strand prepositions in Icelandic, as in the other Scandinavian languages.
    • 2021, Emily Manetta, “Verb-second and the verb-stranding verb phrase ellipsis debate”, in Glossa: a journal of general linguistics‎[1], volume 6, number 1, →DOI, page 6:
      In her dissertation, Goldberg (2005) offers a review of diagnostics used to identify verb-stranding VPE to that point, including tests which link the characteristics of English-style VPE (which strands an auxiliary verb) to verb-stranding VPE in languages like Hebrew and Irish.
Synonyms
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Translations
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Etymology 2

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Origin uncertain. Cognate with Scots stran, strawn, strand (“strand”). Perhaps the same as strand ("rivulet, stream, gutter"; see Etymology 1 above); or from Middle English *stran, from Old French estran (“a rope, cord”), from Middle High German stren, strene (“skein, strand”), from Old High German streno, from Proto-West Germanic *strenō, from Proto-Germanic *strinô (“strip, strand”), from Proto-Indo-European *strēy-, *ster- (“strip, line, streak, ray, stripe, row”); related to Dutch streen (“skein, hank of thread, strand, string”), German Strähne (“skein, hank of thread, strand of hair”). Compare also Old High German stranga (“strand of hair”), modern German Strang (“strand, thread, cord”).

Noun

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strand (plural strands)

  1. Each of the strings which, twisted together, make up a yarn, rope or cord.
  2. A string.
  3. An individual length of any fine, string-like substance.
    strand of spaghetti
    strand of hair
  4. (electronics) A group of wires, usually twisted or braided.
  5. (broadcasting) A series of programmes on a particular theme or linked subject.
    • 2020, Nichola Dobson, Historical Dictionary of Animation and Cartoons, page 45:
      By 1985, the children's strand had been renamed Children's BBC (CBBC by the mid-1990s), which continued to show animation among other programming in a dedicated time slot.
  6. (figurative) An element in a composite whole; a sequence of linked events or facts; a logical thread.
    strand of truth
    • 2004, David Wray, Literacy: Major Themes in Education, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, page 78:
      She responds to both questions in writing and checks her answer on the fact question. Her suspicions confirmed about the importance of the two names, Miranda vows to pay close attention to this strand of the story as she continues to read.
    • 2024 August 21, 'Industry Insider', “The value of rail reopenings”, in RAIL, number 1016, page 68:
      The concept of a combined authority headed by an elected Mayor is a key strand in current transport development, and is driving a new generation of projects such as bringing rail connectivity to Portishead and stations served by the Mid-Cornwall Metro.
  7. (genetics) A nucleotide chain.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Note: many languages have particular words for “a strand of <substance>” that are different for each substance. The translations below refer to strands in general. You might find a more appropriate translation under the word for the substance itself.

Verb

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strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

  1. (transitive) To break a strand of (a rope).
  2. (transitive) To form by uniting strands.
Translations
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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch strand, from Middle Dutch strant.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand (plural strande, diminutive strandjie)

  1. beach

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse strǫnd.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /stran/, [sd̥ʁɑnˀ]

Noun

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strand c (singular definite stranden, plural indefinite strande)

  1. beach
  2. shore, seashore
  3. seaside

Inflection

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Declension of strand
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative strand stranden strande strandene
genitive strands strandens strandes strandenes

Derived terms

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Terms derived from "strand"

Verb

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strand

  1. imperative of strande

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch strant. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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strand n (plural stranden, diminutive strandje n)

  1. beach, strand
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: strand

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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strand

  1. inflection of stranden:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From German Strand.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand (plural strandok)

  1. beach (a sandy shore of a body of water used for summertime leisure, swimming, suntanning)
  2. pool, swimming pool (an urban open-air facility with lawns, trees and several artificially constructed pools, used for summertime leisure)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative strand strandok
accusative strandot strandokat
dative strandnak strandoknak
instrumental stranddal strandokkal
causal-final strandért strandokért
translative stranddá strandokká
terminative strandig strandokig
essive-formal strandként strandokként
essive-modal — —
inessive strandban strandokban
superessive strandon strandokon
adessive strandnál strandoknál
illative strandba strandokba
sublative strandra strandokra
allative strandhoz strandokhoz
elative strandból strandokból
delative strandról strandokról
ablative strandtól strandoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		strandé strandoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		strandéi strandokéi
Possessive forms of strand
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. strandom strandjaim
2nd person sing. strandod strandjaid
3rd person sing. strandja strandjai
1st person plural strandunk strandjaink
2nd person plural strandotok strandjaitok
3rd person plural strandjuk strandjaik

Derived terms

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(Compound words):

References

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  1. ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Further reading

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  • strand in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

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Etymology

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From stranda (“to run aground”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand n (genitive singular strands, nominative plural strönd)

  1. running aground, stranding

Declension

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Declension of strand (neuter)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative strand strandið strönd ströndin
accusative strand strandið strönd ströndin
dative strandi strandinu ströndum ströndunum
genitive strands strandsins stranda strandanna

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English strand, from Proto-Germanic *strandō.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /strand/, /strɔːnd/

Noun

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strand (plural strandes)

  1. (chiefly Northern) beach, shoreline

Descendants

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References

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology 1

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From Old Norse strǫnd.

Noun

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strand f or m (definite singular stranda or stranden, indefinite plural strender, definite plural strendene)

  1. a beach or shore
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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strand

  1. imperative of strande

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

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From Old Norse strǫnd. Akin to English strand.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /strɑnd/, /strɑnː/

Noun

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strand f (definite singular stranda, indefinite plural strender, definite plural strendene)

  1. a beach or shore

Declension

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  Declension of strand (strong consonant-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative strand stranda strender1 strendene1
compound-genitive ― ― ― ―
1Plural with tonem 1, stemming from older one-syllable forms.
  Landsmål declension of strand (strong consonant-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative strand strandi strender1 strenderna1
dative ― (strandenne) ― strandom, strondom
compound-genitive ― ― ― ―
1Plural with tonem 1, stemming from older one-syllable forms.

Derived terms

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References

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Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *strandō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand n

  1. beach
  2. shore
    • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 21, verse 4
      Witodlīce on ǣrne merġen sē Hǣlend stōd on þām strande; ne ġecnēowon þēah ðā leorningcnihtas þæt hit sē Hǣlend wæs.
      Certainly at early morning the Healer (Jesus) stood at the shore; Though the disciples did not recognise that it was the Healer (Jesus).

Declension

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Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative strand strand
accusative strand strand
genitive strandes stranda
dative strande strandum

Descendants

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Swedish

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Etymology

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From Old Swedish strand, from Old Norse strǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *strandō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand c

  1. beach (not necessarily sandy)
    ligga och sola på stranden
    [lie and] sunbathe on the beach
  2. shore
    • 1891, “Betlehems stjärna (Gläns över sjö och strand) [Star of Betlehem (Shine over sea [most likely in this context, though unusual – see sjö (“lake; sea”)] and shore [Maybe to be understood as "land and sea/water"])]”, Viktor Rydberg (lyrics), Alice Tegnér (music)‎[2]:
      Gläns över sjö och strand, stjärna ur fjärran. Du som i Österland tändes av Herran.
      Shine over sea and shore, star from [out of] afar. You who in the East ["East-land" – the Orient] were lit by the Lord.

Usage notes

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More strongly associated with beaches compared to English shore, but works as a general word for shore when context is provided. Swedish often prefers phrases with land (“land”) instead, for example "Vi seglade mot land" (We sailed toward the shore) and "in mot land" (into shore – "in toward land"). See also for example i land (“ashore”).

Declension

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Declension of strand
nominative genitive
singular indefinite strand strands
definite stranden strandens
plural indefinite stränder stränders
definite stränderna strändernas
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References

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