Wiktionary

socius

English

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Etymology

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From Latin socius.

Noun

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socius (plural socii)

  1. (historical) Any of the autonomous tribes and city states of the Italian Peninsula in permanent military alliance with the Roman Republic until the Social War of 91–88 BC.
  2. An associate; a fellow of an academy, etc.
  3. (sociology) According to Gilles Deleuze, a social body that takes credit for production.

Anagrams

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    From Old Latin sokios, from Proto-Italic *sokjos, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-h₂-y-ós (“follower, companion”) (identical to Proto-Germanic *sagjaz), perhaps thematicized from collective *sokʷ-h₂-ṓy (compare Sanskrit सखि (sákhi, “companion”)), ultimately from the root *sekʷ- (“to follow”).[1][2] Compare Faliscan socia (“girlfriend, companion”).

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    socius (feminine socia, neuter socium); first/second-declension adjective

    1. sharing, joining in, partaking, associated
    2. kindred, related, akin, ally
    3. leagued, allied, united, confederate

    Declension

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    First/second-declension adjective.

    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative socius socia socium sociī sociae socia
    genitive sociī sociae sociī sociōrum sociārum sociōrum
    dative sociō sociae sociō sociīs
    accusative socium sociam socium sociōs sociās socia
    ablative sociō sociā sociō sociīs
    vocative socie socia socium sociī sociae socia

    Derived terms

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    Noun

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    socius m (genitive sociī or socī); second declension

    1. partner, sharer, associate
    2. companion, comrade
    3. ally; confederate

    Declension

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    Second-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative socius sociī
    genitive sociī
    socī1     		sociōrum
    dative sociō sociīs
    accusative socium sociōs
    ablative sociō sociīs
    vocative socie sociī

    1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

    Descendants

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    • Eastern Romance:
      • Aromanian: sots
      • Romanian: soț
    • Italian: soccio
    • → Albanian: shok
    • → Catalan: soci
    • → English: socio-
    • → German: Sozius
    • → Italian: socio
    • → Portuguese: sócio
    • → Sicilian: sociu
    • → Spanish: socio
    • → Welsh: saig
    • ⇒ Latin: socia f

    References

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    • “socius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “socius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • socius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • socius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to attach oneself to a person's society: socium se adiungere alicui
      • to admit a person into one's society: aliquem socium admittere
      • a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius
      • to make some one one's ally: socium aliquem asciscere (B. G. 1. 5)
    • “socius”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
    • Notes:
    1. ^ Miller, D. Gary (2006) Latin Suffixal Derivatives in English: and their Indo-European Ancestry, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 27 & 134
    2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “socius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 569–570
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